Abstract: A composite lance for use during the injection of gases during combustion, and a method for making such a lance. The lance has a channel through which gas flows, and it includes a core of a metallic material and a ceramic layer outside the core. The outer surface of the core includes a region having a smaller diameter bounded axially by regions each having larger diameters. The ceramic layer is positioned around the core with a gap between the outer surface of the core and the inner surface of the ceramic layer. The gap prevents the ceramic layer from cracking because of differences in thermal expansion between the core and the ceramic layer when temperature changes take place in the lance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring combustion of a fuel with an oxidant in an industrial furnace. The fuel and oxidant are supplied to a burner head, and a burner outlet flame is monitored by an ultraviolet light detector. At least one fuel channel and at least two oxidant channels are provided and open at an outer surface of the burner head that faces the interior of the furnace. The fuel channel and a first oxidant channel are located at a predetermined first distance from each other, and the fuel channel and the second oxidant channel are located closer to each other at a second distance. The detector is positioned at the fuel channel or at the second oxidant channel. A fraction of the total amount of oxidant supplied is supplied to the second oxidant channel, and oxidant is supplied to the second oxidant channel during the entire combustion process.

Abstract: A seal for burners for the combustion of fossil fuels with an oxidant gas that contains a high fraction of gaseous oxygen. The burner includes a burner body with a cylindrical opening within which a cylindrical nozzle is removably positioned. The nozzle includes axial channels for the supply of fuel and oxidant gas. One, two or more parallel annular grooves are provided in the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical nozzle. Each groove is arranged to support a sealing ring that is split or discontinuous at one location along its periphery. Each ring is arranged to lie in contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical opening when the nozzle is mounted in the burner body, with the discontinuities of the rings circumferentially offset relative to each other.

Abstract: A method of treating infectious inflammation in a mammal, including man, which comprises administering to a mammal in need of such treatment, nitric oxide, in the form of gaseous nitric oxide or a nitric oxide donor, in combination with a glucocorticoid, said combination being used in a therapeutically effective amount to accomplish treatment of said inflammation. A pharmaceutical composition for treatment of such an inflammation.

Abstract: Methods for treating mammals for neurointoxication are provided comprising treating the mammal with a xenon-containing gas. Methods of providing neuroprotection in mammals are also disclosed comprising administering therapeutically effective amounts of xenon, preferably in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients.

Abstract: Methods for treating mammals for neurointoxication are provided comprising treating the mammal with a xenon-containing gas. Methods of providing neuroprotection in mammals are also disclosed comprising administering therapeutically effective amounts of xenon, preferably in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for black liquor gasification in recovery boilers, of the type having a lower portion, referred to as a lower furnace and an upper portion, referred to as an upper furnace, black liquor sprayers for introduction of black liquor provided in the boiler above the lower furnace, and a number of combustion air levels, whereby the invention incorporates adding oxygen enriched air to the combustion air or directly into the lower furnace at at least one air level underneath the liquor sprayers for the purpose of creating the best possible reducing conditions in the lower furnace, redistributing from the lower furnace combustion air not needed therein following the addition of oxygen enriched air, thereby significantly reducing upward gas velocity underneath the black liquor sprayers, and introducing the redistributed combustion air in the upper furnace, thereby creating the reducing conditions and a controlled temperature in the lower furnace for emission control.

Abstract: A device for making pellets of a material that can be made to solidify by changing its temperature having an endless belt (6) on which the material is placed at a feeding location and is conveyed along a processing path (7) to a guide roller (4) at a discharging location, and a member (2) for changing the temperature of the material on the belt (6) along the processing path (7). The endless belt (6) having a plurality of lamellae (9) transverse to the longitudinal direction of the belt, which are articulately juxtaposed and have at least one duct (11) which extends in the longitudinal direction of the belt without interruption between adjacent lamella and has, between the longitudinal edges of each lamella a ridge (13) transverse to the longitudinal direction of the belt of a height smaller than the depth of the duct (11).

Abstract: Method for cooling a product, preferably in gas or liquid form, using the cooling content of a condensed gas, where the condensed gas is vaporized in a vaporization heat exchanger arrangement and the product is cooled in a product-cooling heat exchanger arrangement. Both the vaporization and the product-cooling take place under energy exchange with the vaporized gas. As heat exchanger arrangements, use is made of a combined arrangement (1) comprising a plurality of passages (A, B, C) which are in heat-transferring contact with one another and are used for the different media. The passages (A)_ intended for vaporization of the condensed gas are coupled in parallel between an inlet (5) and an outlet (6) and the media are supplied to the passages so that between a passage (A) for the condensed gas and a passage (C) for the product to be cooled there is at all times at least one passage (B) through which vaporized gas flows.

Abstract: A method for cleaning or sterilizing objects in a liquid fluid cleaning system comprising a high-pressure storing/working vessel, a cleaning chamber, and a low-pressure supply vessel, the method comprising the steps of loading the cleaning chamber with objects to be cleaned or sterilized; supplying cleaning fluid to the cleaning chamber from the low-pressure supply vessel by means of pressure difference; supplying cleaning fluid to the cleaning chamber from the high-pressure storing/working vessel; cleaning the objects in the cleaning chamber with the cleaning fluid; transferring cleaning fluid from the cleaning chamber to the high-pressure storing/working vessel; and unloading the cleaned objects from the cleaning chamber.

Abstract: The invention refers to a method for black liquor gasification in recovery boilers, of the type having a lower portion, referred to as a lower furnace and an upper portion, referred to as an upper furnace, black liquor sprayers for introduction of black liquor provided in the boiler above the lower furnace, and a number of combustion air levels, whereby the invention incorporates adding oxygen enriched air to the combustion air or directly into the lower furnace at at least one air level underneath the liquor sprayers for the purpose of creating the best possible reducing conditions in the lower furnace, redistributing from the lower furnace combustion air not needed therein following the addition of oxygen enriched air, thereby significantly reducing upward gas velocity underneath the black liquor sprayers, and introducing the redistributed combustion air in the upper furnace, thereby creating the reducing conditions and a controlled temperature in the lower furnace for emission control.

Abstract: A method of brazing, with the use of a plasma forming device (1) having a non-consumable electrode (2), comprises the following steps of operation. A first gas is supplied to said plasma forming device (1). A plasma flow is formed of said first gas by applying a voltage between said electrode (2) and an electrical terminal (7). The plasma flow is directed towards a work piece (7). Braze material (10) to be melted by said plasma flow is provided. Furthermore, a second gas may be supplied for shielding said plasma flow from the surrounding atmosphere. At least one of said first and second gas comprises a principal inert component including at least argon and in a minor amount an active component.

Abstract: An arrangement and method for determining the height position of a vertically movable electrode (2) in an arc furnace (1). The arrangement includes an elongated, flexible element (9), preferably a heavy chain, whose one end is attached to a first attachment point on the movable electrode (2). The other end of the chain is attached to a fixed second attachment point. The total weight of those flexible element parts that are carried by the movable and the fixed attachment points respectively will vary in response to vertical movement of the electrode. The arrangement also includes load cell for sensing the part of the total weight supported by the fixed attachment point, for determining the height position of the electrode (2).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for remotely opening a manual valve of a gas cylinder from a remote location. The gas cylinder is first connected to a purge system which is purged of oxygen and pressurized with an inert gas to a pressure near that of the gas cylinder. The manual valve is then engaged with a pneumatic stepper mechanism. Pneumatic fluid is supplied to the pneumatic stepper mechanism to rotate the manual valve a predetermined stepped increment. The step of supplying pneumatic fluid to the pneumatic stepper mechanism is repeated, after pausing to let the system settle, to rotate the manual valve another stepped increment. The steps of rotating and pausing are repeated until the manual valve is opened. The purge system is then vented to atmosphere through a diffuser. Both the pneumatic stepper mechanism and the purge system are fully operable from the remote location. The pneumatic stepper mechanism includes a ratchet assembly and an attachment assembly connecting the ratchet assembly to the manual valve.

Abstract: A method for cleaning or sterilizing objects in a liquid fluid cleaning system comprising a high-pressure storing/working vessel, a cleaning chamber, and a low-pressure supply vessel, the method comprising the steps of loading the cleaning chamber with objects to be cleaned or sterilized; supplying cleaning fluid to the cleaning chamber from the low-pressure supply vessel by means of pressure difference; supplying cleaning fluid to the cleaning chamber from the high-pressure storing/working vessel; cleaning the objects in the cleaning chamber with the cleaning fluid; transferring cleaning fluid from the cleaning chamber to the high-pressure storing/working vessel; and unloading the cleaned objects from the cleaning chamber.

Abstract: A method for preparing fuel from tall-oil soap. The tall-oil soap is mixed with diesel oil. The tall-oil soap and the diesel oil are then reacted with carbon dioxide, thereby forming a reaction product and a mixture of diesel oil, tall oil and tall-oil soap. The mixture is separated from the reaction product and recovered. The mixture may then be burned as a fuel.

Abstract: A cryogen deflashing apparatus for removing residual flash from molded articles includes a receptacle assembly forming a sealed treatment chamber for the molded articles and a throwing wheel assembly for propelling particulate media against the molded articles. The throwing wheel assembly including a vaned impeller, an adjustable scroll housing, and an adjustable directional foil housing. The scroll housing partially encircles the impeller and has a surface shaped in the form of a volute. The impeller cooperates with the scroll housing to operate as a suction blower for evacuating cryogen gas and particulate media from a supply conduit. The directional foil housing forms an outlet of the throwing wheel assembly and directs cryogen gas and particulate media, accelerated by the impeller, directly toward the molded articles.