Abstract: A two-color photo-detector capable of sensing two colors at a single photo-detector location is provided having a lower photo-detector element resident in the bulk silicon and an upper photo-detector element elevated above the lower photo-detector element. The color sensitivity of each of the photo-detector elements is determined according to the absorption curve of the upper photo-detector element, the thickness of the upper photo-detector element and the color filter array, if any. The elevated upper photo-detector element overlies the circuitry needed for both the upper photo-detector element and the lower photo-detector element. In order to accurately sample color within an array of two-color photo-detectors without a color filter array, two different thicknesses for the upper photo-detector elements of adjacent two-color photo-detectors are used. Therefore, each pair of two-color photo-detectors within the array senses four different colors (i.e.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for synthesizing a purality of compounds such as biopolymers on the surface of supports. The synthesis comprises a plurality of steps in which reagents for conducting the synthesis are deposited o the surface of the support to form precursors of the chemical compounds and, ultimately, the chemical compounds themselves. An error in the deposition may occur in one or more of the plurality of steps. A reagent for forming the chemical compounds is deposited on the surface of the support. A determination is made as to whether an error occurred in the depositing of the reagent. If an error is detected, the support is treated to re-deposit at least some of those reagents that were not correctly deposited. In one approach the support is treated to stabilize precursors of the chemical compounds, the source of the error is corrected, and the reagent applied above is re-deposited on the surface.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a technique for debugging an integrated circuit having a parallel scan-chain architecture. Blocking circuits are introduced at the inputs and/or outputs of scan-chain branches. The blocking circuits allow the inputs to and/or the outputs from the scan-chain branches to be selectively blocked. This allows individual scan-chain branches to be isolated and debugged.

Abstract: In a response calibration method, a stimulus signal having a non-zero bandwidth is coupled to a receiver through a signal path that introduces distortion to the stimulus signal. The receiver acquires a first digital representation of the stimulus signal at an output of the signal path with the receiver adjusted to a first spectral position, and acquires a second digital representation of the stimulus signal at the output of the signal path with the receiver adjusted to a second spectral position that is shifted from the first spectral position by a predetermined frequency offset. The frequency response of the receiver when the receiver adjusted to the first spectral position is equated to the frequency response of the receiver when the receiver is adjusted to the second spectral position.

Abstract: A system and method of operating a peripheral device in a plurality of functional modes is disclosed. The device may be part of a computer system including a host computer and the method includes selecting a functional mode of the device. In response to the selection of the functional mode, firmware is transferred to the device, the firmware corresponding to the selected functional mode. The firmware is stored in the device and is executed in the device to operate the device in the selected functional mode. The device may be a printer or other peripheral device having a plurality of functional modes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for mass spectrometry dynamic library searching are provided for use with mass spectrometer spectra. A composite spectrum is created from multiple spectra. The multiple spectra are collected at varying collision energies from a mass spectrometer. Dynamic searching algorithms are utilized for assigning a degree of importance to ions depending upon the identity of the ions, and for assigning a degree of importance to the ion ratios. A search is performed against a library of composite spectra that includes data for adduct, dimer, and oligomer ions. The systems and methods determine a match quality value that takes into account any or all ions in the spectrum along with the ions' ratios and degrees of importance.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and article of manufacture to aid in the characterization of a device establishes a device S-parameter matrix (SD) to represent electrical behavior of the device, an adapter T-parameter matrix (Ta) to represent all possible electrical paths through circuits to all device ports of the device, and a cascaded S-parameter matrix (Sc) to represent the circuits cascaded with the device. Values for the adapter T-parameter matrix are obtained either through measurement or modeling. The device cascaded with the circuits is measured to obtain values for the cascaded S-parameter matrix, permitting use of a general solution for the device S-parameter matrix as a function of the adapter T-parameter matrix and the cascaded S-parameter matrix.

Abstract: A connector interface provides high-frequency differential connection to a balanced cable or balanced electronic device, such as a balanced probe. The connector interface includes two coaxial structures in a single connector. When the connector interface is used in a package launch, the closeness of the center pins of the two coaxial structures facilitate connection to a balanced circuit. When used in conjunction with a balanced vector network analyzer, the connector interface can simplify calibration and testing of devices by reducing the number of connections to the calibration standards or devices being tested, and provide improved measurement accuracy.

Abstract: Pulse jet printhead assemblies having multiple reservoirs and multiple printhead dies, as well as methods for their use in the deposition of fluids, typically fluids containing a biopolymer or precursor thereof, onto a substrate surface, are provided. The subject printheads are characterized by having a multiple printhead die printhead and a multiple reservoir housing affixed to the multiple die printhead. In using the subject printhead assemblies, the firing chambers of the printhead assembly are loaded with a volume of fluid that includes a biopolymer or precursor thereof. The loaded printhead assembly is then placed in opposing relation to a surface of a substrate and actuated to deposit a volume of fluid on the substrate. The subject printhead assemblies find use in a variety of applications, including the production of biopolymeric arrays.

Abstract: A cooler for electric and/or electronic components with a cooling body including a first flat outer wall and a second flat outer wall at a certain distance from each other and each creating a cooling area. There are cavities between the outer walls on the inside of the cooling body, creating a cooling channel connecting an inflow with an outflow through which a liquid cooling agent can flow. The cooling channel between inflow and outflow runs completely on the inside of the cooling body, and the cooling body is made up of a first part and a second part. The first part has the first outer wall, and at least the first part has a first set of indentations on a first inner wall opposite to the first outer wall, and wherein those indentations are closed off by the second part on the wall opposite of the first outer wall when the cooling body is assembled, thus creating the cooling channel.

Abstract: The fluid flow rate within a microfluidic passageway of a microfabricated device is determined by measuring the time-of-flight of a heat pulse coupled into the fluid. Since the propagation velocity of the heat trace is generally slower than the mean flow rate of the flow, additional processing provides the appropriate scaling needed to obtain an accurate fluid flow rate measurement. The scaling factor is based on the geometry of the structure and the thermal properties of the fluid and the materials used for the device.

Abstract: A method for specifically and uniformly synthesizing desired polymers within molecular array elements. Droplets containing a reactive monomer are successively applied to the elements of a molecular array in order to synthesize a substrate-bound polymer. Application of an initial droplet, having a first volume, defines the position and size of a molecular array element. Subsequent droplets are applied, to add successive reactive monomers to growing nascent polymers within the molecular array element, with covering volumes so that, even when application of the subsequent droplets is misregistered, the entire surfaces of the elements of the molecular array are exposed to the subsequently applied droplets. Following application of initial droplets, the surface of the molecular array is exposed to a solution containing a very efficient capping agent in order to chemically cap any unreacted nascent growing polymers and any unreacted substrate molecules.

Abstract: Traces are placed in a plurality of windows. Each trace is weighted based on a plurality of attributes of the trace. The traces are sorted based on the weighting. Boundaries between traces are assigned based on transitions in attributes. The boundaries function to divide the traces into windows.

Abstract: A new method to form an integrated circuit device is achieved. The method comprises forming a dielectric layer overlying a semiconductor substrate. An intrinsic semiconductor layer is formed overlying the dielectric layer. The intrinsic semiconductor layer is patterned. A p+ region is formed in the intrinsic semiconductor layer. An n+ region is formed in the intrinsic semiconductor layer. The p+ region and said n+ region are laterally separated by an intrinsic region to thereby form a PIN diode device. A source region and a drain region are formed in the semiconductor substrate to thereby complete a MOSFET device. The PIN diode device is a gate electrode for the MOSFET device.

Abstract: An insert module includes a housing having a component area for bearing one or more components, and a channel area communicating with at least one of an entrance and an exit of a cooling medium flow. The insert module provides at least a part of a flow path of the cooling medium flow, where the cooling medium enters the insert module through the entrance, flows at least partly through the insert module at least partly passing the component area, and at least partly exits the insert module through the exit. At least one permeable separation unit is adapted for separating the component area from the channel area and includes at least one permeable and at least one impermeable portion. An allocation of the at least one permeable and the at least one impermeable portion is adapted to the cooling requirements of the components arranged within the component area.

Abstract: A buried heterojunction laser optically coupled with a buried waveguide electro-absorption (EA) optical modulator via an active layer is fabricated on a substrate carrying a number of deposited semiconductor layers. The laser component includes a laser current conduction region and an adjacent laser current confinement region. The waveguide component includes a waveguide current confinement region comprising first and second current blocking structures formed from different grown semiconductor layers. An extension of the first current blocking structure is interposed between the second current blocking structure and the waveguide current conduction region. Because each of the components is flanked by current confinement regions of differing structures, the resistive and capacitative properties of the current confinement regions can be selected to optimise the performance of that component for a particular use.

Abstract: A wavemeter for determining a wavelength of an incident optical beam comprises four optical components, each being arranged in the incident optical beam or in a part of it, providing a path with a respective effective optical length, and generating a respective optical beam with a respective optical power depending on the wavelength of the incident optical beam. The optical powers oscillate periodically with increasing wavelength, and a phase shift of approximately pi/2 is provided between two respective pairs of the four optical components. Respective power detectors are provided, each detecting a respective one of the optical powers. A wavelength allocator is provided for allocating a wavelength to the incident optical beam based on the wavelength dependencies of the detected first, second, third, and fourth optical powers.

Abstract: An error detection system for detecting errors in data output from a FIFO memory includes a first CRC generator for receiving an inbound data stream and generating a first CRC value based on a data block in the inbound data stream. A device coupled to the first CRC generator selectively inputs the data block and the first CRC value into the FIFO. A second CRC generator generates a second CRC value based on the data block after being output from the FIFO in an outbound data stream. The second CRC value indicates whether the data block contains an error.

Abstract: An inductively-coupled plasma torch capable of holding a capillary tube coaxially with an injector tube and conveying make-up gas smoothly is provided. The inductively-coupled plasma torch of the present invention includes a guide which is held near the end portion of the injector tube, and has a through hole for holding the capillary tube coaxially with the injector tube, and means for conveying make-up gas.

Abstract: A parallel optics and wavelength division multiplexing package for multiplexing optical data signals for transmission, or for receiving and demultiplexing optical data signals. The package includes an array of diodes mounted on a parallel transmitter or receiver circuit for receiving electrical signals from the circuit and converting them into an array of corresponding light signals, or for receiving an array of light signals and converting them into an array of corresponding electrical signals. In a transmitter package, an optical multiplexer, located adjacent the array of diodes, receives the array of light signals and converts them into a set of corresponding parallel multiplexed light signals. In a receiver package, an optical demultiplexer, located adjacent the array of diodes, receives a set of parallel multiplexed light signals and converts them into the array of demultiplexed light signals.