Abstract: A light system comprising a light source adapted to illuminate an area and at least two refracting substantially transparent and coextensive films juxtaposed with one another and interposed between the source and the area, the films having mutually confronting patterns of refracting rises formed on respective surfaces of the films, the rises being separated by intervening recesses and the rises and recesses being so oriented as to form diversely distributed light-refraction paths across the films, the patterns being selected so that gaps are provided between the films and to effect diffusion of light from the source cast upon the area.

Abstract: Temporal and spatial modulation of magnetic fields created around solenoids and within their hollow is effected using specially configured and movable superconducting elements as well as switchable superconducting elements.