Abstract: A number of analytes are divided into groups based on at least either the elution position determined by silica gel column chromatography under the same condition or the partition ratio in a hexane-acetonitrile partition method. To each group, a compound obtained by labeling one of the compounds in the group by deuterium and/or carbon is assigned as the surrogate. After those surrogates are added as internal standard substances to a standard sample for the creation of calibration curves, a GC/MS analysis for the sample is performed and a calibration curve is created for each analyte. In the measurement of an unknown sample, the same set of surrogates are added to the sample and the GC/MS analysis is performed. A quantitative determination processor determines the quantity of each analyte by comparing a peak area ratio calculated from the analysis result with a calibration curve read from the database.

Abstract: A number of analytes are divided into groups based on at least either the elution position determined by silica gel column chromatography under the same condition or the partition ratio in a hexane-acetonitrile partition method. To each group, a compound obtained by labeling one of the compounds in the group by deuterium and/or carbon is assigned as the surrogate. After those surrogates are added as internal standard substances to a standard sample for the creation of calibration curves, a GC/MS analysis for the sample is performed and a calibration curve is created for each analyte. In the measurement of an unknown sample, the same set of surrogates are added to the sample and the GC/MS analysis is performed. A quantitative determination processor determines the quantity of each analyte by comparing a peak area ratio calculated from the analysis result with a calibration curve read from the database.

Abstract: There is provided a cutting method for cutting a work by rotating a rotary tool with a circular cutting edge around an axis while a cutting fluid is supplied thereto. Cutting is performed by means of the rotary tool which is rotated in the same rotational direction as an outflow direction of chips, and the rotary tool is rotated at a rotational speed of the rotary tool at which a circumferential speed of the cutting edge is higher than an outflow speed of the chips. Thus, the area of direct solid contact between the rotary tool and the chips is reduced with the aid of a dynamic pressure effect, and the abrasion of the rotary tool is suppressed.

Abstract: There is provided a cutting method for cutting a work by rotating a rotary tool with a circular cutting edge around an axis while a cutting fluid is supplied thereto. Cutting is performed by means of the rotary tool which is rotated in the same rotational direction as an outflow direction of chips, and the rotary tool is rotated at a rotational speed of the rotary tool at which a circumferential speed of the cutting edge is higher than an outflow speed of the chips. Thus, the area of direct solid contact between the rotary tool and the chips is reduced with the aid of a dynamic pressure effect, and the abrasion of the rotary tool is suppressed.

Abstract: A method for modifying fibers is provided, which method comprises suspending and dispersing in water under shear force a cellulose ether having such a low degree of substitution that a molar degree of substitution with an alkyl group and/or a hydroxyalkyl group ranges from 0.05 to 1.3, applying the resulting dispersion and a crosslinking agent or an aqueous resin emulsion to fibers, and thermally treating the applied fibers.