Abstract: A cryogenic liquid sampler is provided. The sampler includes an inner volume and a useful internal length, a cryogenic liquid inlet conduit in fluid connection with an inlet valve, a weir tube in fluid connection with the inlet valve, wherein the weir tube comprises at least one weir hole, wherein the weir tube extends a predetermined distance into the inner volume, a cryogenic liquid outlet conduit in fluid connection with inner volume and in fluid connection with an outlet valve, and a purge tube in fluid connection with the outlet valve.

Abstract: One embodiment of the method includes: closing both the inlet valve and the outlet valve, connecting a cryogenic liquid source to the cryogenic liquid inlet conduit, and introducing cryogenic liquid into the cryogenic liquid inlet conduit; opening both the inlet valve and outlet valve, thereby introducing cryogenic liquid into the sampler vessel inner volume, the cryogenic liquid has a free surface; closing both the inlet valve and the outlet valve after cryogenic liquid flows from the purge tube; disconnecting the cryogenic liquid source from the cryogenic liquid inlet conduit; opening the inlet valve, thereby allowing cryogenic liquid to flow from the cryogenic liquid inlet conduit; and closing the inlet valve after the free surface in the sampler vessel inner volume drops below the top of the first cryogenic liquid level, and the cryogenic liquid flow stops.

Abstract: A product is chilled or at least partially frozen by descending against a counter-current flow of liquid nitrogen in a vertical freezer containing an immersion bath of liquid nitrogen and the chilled or at least partially frozen product is extracted from the bath. The product may optionally be a liquid, semi-solid, suspension or slurry.

Abstract: The present invention is a cryogenic subterranean fracturing fluid, comprising a liquefied industrial gas and a viscosity increasing additive. The liquefied industrial gas may be liquefied carbon dioxide, liquefied nitrogen, or a blend of the two. The liquefied industrial gas mixture should be substantially free of water. In this context, substantially free of water means less than 10% water by volume, or preferably less than 5% water by volume. In addition to the viscosity increasing additive, a proppant may be added to the fracturing fluid. In addition to the viscosity increasing additive and/or proppant additional additives may be added to the liquefied industrial gas as required.

Abstract: A product is chilled or at least partially frozen by descending against a counter-current flow of liquid nitrogen in a vertical freezer containing an immersion bath of liquid nitrogen.

Abstract: A method of erecting a cold box that includes the steps of anchoring at least one column to a foundation in a substantially vertical orientation; anchoring a pipe rack module to the foundation in a substantially vertical orientation, wherein the pipe rack module is in close proximity to the at least one column; attaching interconnecting piping between the pipe rack module and the at least one column; anchoring at least four corner beams to the edge of the foundation in a substantially vertical orientation; attaching prefabricated panels with bracing to the corner beams, to form an enclosure around the column and piping; and attaching a roof to the enclose is provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems for removing copper minerals from a molybdenite concentrate. One embodiment provides leaching copper from the molybdenite concentrate with a leaching solution comprising ferric chloride, removing molybdenite from the leaching solution, introducing an acid into the leaching solution and introducing O2, O3, or a combination of both, into the leaching solution. A method for regenerating ferric chloride in a leaching solution is also provided. One embodiment provides adding a leaching solution comprising Fe(II) ions, Fe(III) ions, or a combination of both, to a mixture of mineral sulfides, introducing an acid into the leaching solution, and introducing O2, O3, or a combination of both, into the leaching solution.

Abstract: Methods and systems for removing copper minerals from a molybdenite concentrate. One embodiment provides leaching copper from the molybdenite concentrate with a leaching solution comprising ferric chloride, removing molybdenite from the leaching solution, introducing an acid into the leaching solution and introducing O2, O3, or a combination of both, into the leaching solution. A method for regenerating ferric chloride in a leaching solution is also provided. One embodiment provides adding a leaching solution comprising Fe(II) ions, Fe(III) ions, or a combination of both, to a mixture of mineral sulfides, introducing an acid into the leaching solution, and introducing O2, O3, or a combination of both, into the leaching solution.

Abstract: A controller for controlling the dispensing of wire from a reel of wire positioned within a container. The wire is dispensed from one end of the reel with the other end of the reel sitting on the bottom of the container. The controller has a main body member in the shape of a flat ring sized to rest within the container on the one end of the reel, the ring having concentric, circular, inner and outer edges. Flexible, wire guide flaps are on the inner edge of the ring, the guide flaps extending radially inwardly. Each guide flap has the general shape of a shallow triangle with the apex of the triangle farthest from the ring and the base of the triangle adjacent and integral with the ring.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for decreasing the bacteria count of a food commodity without affecting its overall organoleptic quality (taste, odor, and color). This is accomplished using a treatment fluid comprising ozone, which is injected into a treatment chamber containing the food commodity. Some water is preferably added to obtain better contact of the ozone with the food by forming a thin film of ozonated water on the food surface. Spices and/or other ingredients may preferably be added with the water. The food is placed in a tumbler and the tumbler is set in motion. During treatment good contact between the treatment fluid and the food commodity is obtained by reversibly oscillating the tumbler. A log reduction of 40% or more in bacteria count may be obtained as compared without the ozone.

Abstract: A process for recovering SF.sub.6 from a gas is provided. The process includes the step of contacting a gas stream comprising SF.sub.6 and at least one of N.sub.2, O.sub.2, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2 O with a membrane in at least one membrane separation unit at conditions effective to obtain a retentate stream rich in SF.sub.6 and a permeate stream rich in at least one of N.sub.2, O.sub.2, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2 O. A process for forming solidified Mg metal is also provided. The process includes recovering and/or recycling of SF.sub.6 and/or CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are described to completely separate linked sausages, wieners, or similar products and to remove the links from the ends of the product, i.e., delinking, through mechanical agitation, through the use of direct contact with refrigerant cryogens. The delinked and separated product can then also be individually quick frozen.

Abstract: A molded, non-metallic insert is disclosed that is of a form which replicates the seat configuration of the oxy-fuel cutting torch into which it is intended to be inserted. The insert material is compressible and resilient and allows a cutting tip, without special requirements, to be installed into the cutting torch so equipped with the insert. The insert is resistant to the difficult environmental conditions in which it is required to operate, in the industrial situations in which it is used. The insert resists elevated temperatures and the chemical and physical effects of the gases it contacts while sealing the flowpaths of the oxygen and fuel flowing through the torch head and cutting tip.