Abstract: Reformer and method for producing hydrogen and steam where steam is used for steam-assisted extraction of heavy hydrocarbons. Steam is injected into a hydrocarbon-containing reservoir. Hydrocarbons are extracted from the reservoir along with produced water. Hydrogen is produced in a catalytic steam hydrocarbon reformer. Combustion product gas from the reformer is used to generate wet steam in a once-through steam generator from produced water recycled from the reservoir. The wet steam is used for the steam-assisted extraction of heavy hydrocarbons. The reformer has a heat exchanger section where a heat exchanger is suitable for processing the produced water by once-through steam generation and is suitable for mechanical cleaning.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to high coordination sphere Group 2 metal ?-diketiminate compositions, such as bis(N-(2,2-methoxyethyl)-4-(2,2-methoxyethylimino)-2-penten-2-aminato) barium; and the deposition of the metals of such metal ligand compositions by chemical vapor deposition, pulsed chemical vapor deposition, molecular layer deposition or atomic layer deposition to produce Group 2 metal containing films, such as barium strontium titanate films or strontium titanate films or barium doped lanthanate as high k materials for electronic device manufacturing.

Abstract: A syngas stream composition comprising on a dry basis up to about 50,000 mg/Nm3 particulates; 5-39 vol % H2; 5-39 vol % CO; 15-50 vol % CO2; 8-30 vol % N2; 0-2 vol % Argon; and 15-50 vol % moisture on a wet basis. The stream includes a H2/CO ratio that is about 0.3-2 and at least 15 wt % of particulates have an aerodynamic particle diameter of less than or equal to 1 micron. A gasified waste stream and a method for forming a gasified waste stream are also disclosed.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition method for producing a porous organosilica glass film comprising: introducing into a vacuum chamber gaseous reagents including at least one precursor selected from the group consisting of an organosilane and an organosiloxane, and a porogen that is distinct from the precursor; applying energy to the gaseous reagents in the vacuum chamber to induce reaction of the gaseous reagents to deposit a preliminary film on the substrate, wherein the preliminary film contains the porogen; and removing from the preliminary film substantially all of the porogen to provide the porous film with pores and a dielectric constant less than 2.6.

Abstract: A method and fuel composition for pre-heating and/or operating a catalytic heater is described herein. In one aspect, there is provided a method of preheating a catalyst in a catalytic heater comprising the steps of: providing a preheat composition comprising greater than 60% by volume hydrogen and at least one fluid component selected from natural gas, propane, butane, refinery off gas, ethylene off gas, methanol, ethanol, butanol, liquefied biogas and mixtures thereof; and contacting the catalyst with the preheat composition for a period of time sufficient to raise the temperature of the catalyst to a one or more temperatures. In this or other embodiments, there is a fuel composition that comprises at least one component selected from natural gas, propane, butane and mixtures thereof and optionally hydrogen.

Abstract: A steam-hydrocarbon reforming process and apparatus wherein reformate from a prereformer is reacted in a gas heated reformer which is heated by reformed gas from a primary reformer. Reformate from the gas heated reformer is passed to the primary reformer as feed gas.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrogen-containing product gas by catalytic steam-hydrocarbon reforming with an overall steam-to-carbon molar ratio between 1.5 and 2.4 for the process. The process stream is reacted in at least two prereformers prior to reaction in catalyst-containing tubes in a top-fired reformer furnace. The process stream is reacted adiabatically in the first prereformer, while the process stream is heated prior to being introduced into the second prereformer and/or the second prereformer is heated. The process avoids carbon formation on the catalyst in the catalyst-containing tubes in the primary reformer.

Abstract: Guard layers are employed in the adsorbent beds of rapid cycle pressure swing adsorption (RCPSA) devices to protect the adsorbent therein from certain contaminants (e.g. water vapour). Conventional PSA devices typically pack the guard layer with as much guard material as is practical. In RCPSA devices however, the performance of the guard layer can be improved by using a reduced amount of guard material and increasing access to it. Such embodiments are characterized by guard layers with a channel fraction of greater than 50%.

Abstract: Aminosilanes, such as diisopropylaminosilane (DIPAS), are precursors for the deposition of silicon containing films such as silicon-oxide and silicon-nitride films. Described herein are methods to make these aminosilanes as well as intermediate compounds such as haloaminosilane compounds having the following formula: X4-nHn-1SiN(CH(CH3)2)2 wherein n is a number selected from 1, 2 and 3; and X is a halogen selected from Cl, Br, or a mixture of Cl and Br provided that when X is Cl, n is not 1.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions for use in forming polyurethane products include a gelling catalyst, a trimerization catalyst, and a cure accelerator. The gelling catalyst is a tertiary amine, mono(tertiary amino) urea, bis(tertiary amino) urea, or a combination of any of these. Any known trimerization catalyst may be used. The cure accelerator may be a diol having at least one primary hydroxyl group, and having from five to 17 chain backbone atoms chosen from carbon, oxygen, or both between the hydroxyl groups, provided that at least five of the backbone atoms are carbon. Alternatively or in addition, the cure accelerator may be a polyol having three or more hydroxyl groups, at least two of which are primary, and having molecular weights between 90 g/mole and 400 g/mole. Delayed initiation of the polyurethane-forming reaction and/or reduced demold time for producing the polyurethane part can be obtained by using these catalyst compositions.

Abstract: A computer-based method for reducing or eliminating baseline drift from a biological (bio) signal includes the steps of dividing the bio signal into a plurality of shorter signals having fixed time intervals, fitting a corresponding portion of a baseline function to a baseline of a respective one of each of the shorter signals, and subtracting the baseline function from the bio signal, resulting in a bio signal with a flat baseline.

Abstract: This invention discloses the method of forming silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon oxide, carbon-doped silicon nitride, carbon-doped silicon oxide and carbon-doped oxynitride films at low deposition temperatures. The silicon containing precursors used for the deposition are monochlorosilane (MCS) and monochloroalkylsilanes. The method is preferably carried out by using plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and plasma enhanced cyclic chemical vapor deposition.

Abstract: A porous organosilica glass (OSG) film consists of a single phase of a material represented by the formula SivOwCxHyFz, where v+w+x+y+z=100%, v is from 10 to 35 atomic %, w is from 10 to 65 atomic %, x is from 5 to 30 atomic %, y is from 10 to 50 atomic % and z is from 0 to 15 atomic %, wherein the film has pores and a dielectric constant less than 2.6.

Abstract: A process for treating a workpiece having the steps of: altering the temperature of a workpiece surface wherein at least one condition selected from the group of: thermal treatment rate, relative motion between the surface and said thermal treatment rate, coolant flow rate onto said surface, heating flow rate onto said surface and the relative speed between the heating means or the cooling means and the surface is controllable; simultaneously measuring temperatures at a plurality of locations over the surface of the workpiece; determining an average temperature of the temperatures measured; comparing the average temperature to preselected minimum and maximum temperatures for the workpiece; and automatically adjusting at least one of, the controllable conditions if said average temperature is not between the preselected minimum and maximum temperatures for the workpiece. A system for performing a thermal treatment process and the resulting product are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyamide curing agent compositions comprising the reaction products of (1) multifunctional amines of structure 1 where R1 is CH2CH2CH2NH2; R2, R3 and R4 independently are H or CH2CH2CH2NH2, and X is CH2CH2 or CH2CH2CH2 with (2) dimer fatty acids, optionally in combination with monofunctional fatty acids, the reaction product preferably comprising at least 15 wt % tetrahydropyrimidine-containing components. The curing agent compositions are useful for crosslinking epoxy resins to produce coatings, adhesives, floorings, composites and other articles.

Abstract: The present invention is a composition for removal of multi-layer photoresist layers on an electronic device substrate for rework of the photoresist on the substrate, comprising; (i) a solvent blend of at least three discrete solvents, (ii) at least one organic sulfonic acid, and (iii) at least one corrosion inhibitor. The present invention is also a method for using the composition. This composition and method succeed in removing such multi-layer photoresist at temperatures less than 65° C. and in contact times under three minutes, allowing high throughput on single wafer tools.

Abstract: Method for dispensing a gas comprising (a) providing a gas storage system containing pressurized gas and having at least first and second gas storage volumes, first and second flow control valves in flow communication with the first and second gas storage volumes, respectively, wherein each flow control valve is initially closed, and wherein the first gas storage volume has a smaller volumetric capacity than the second gas storage volume; (b) selecting a reference temperature; (c) measuring the ambient temperature; (d) providing a gas receiving vessel and placing it in flow communication with each flow control valve and with the gas storage system; and (e) initiating delivery of the gas by (i) opening the first flow control valve when the ambient temperature is equal to or greater than the reference temperature or (ii) opening the second flow control valve when the ambient temperature is less than the reference temperature.

Abstract: Classes of liquid aminosilanes have been found which allow for the production of silicon carbo-nitride films of the general formula SixCyNz. These aminosilanes, in contrast, to some of the precursors employed heretofore, are liquid at room temperature and pressure allowing for convenient handling. In addition, the invention relates to a process for producing such films. The classes of compounds are generally represented by the formulas: and mixtures thereof, wherein R and R1 in the formulas represent aliphatic groups typically having from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, e.g., alkyl, cycloalkyl with R and R1 in formula A also being combinable into a cyclic group, and R2 representing a single bond, (CH2)n, a ring, or SiH2.

Abstract: A steam-hydrocarbon reforming process and apparatus wherein reformate from a prereformer is reacted in a gas heated reformer which is heated by reformed gas from a primary reformer. Reformate from the gas heated reformer is passed to the primary reformer as feed gas.

Abstract: A method of operating a multi-stage ion transport membrane oxidation system. The method comprises providing a multi-stage ion transport membrane oxidation system with at least a first membrane oxidation stage and a second membrane oxidation stage, operating the ion transport membrane oxidation system at operating conditions including a characteristic temperature of the first membrane oxidation stage and a characteristic temperature of the second membrane oxidation stage; and controlling the production capacity and/or the product quality by changing the characteristic temperature of the first membrane oxidation stage and/or changing the characteristic temperature of the second membrane oxidation stage.