Abstract: A process and sensor system with particular control of polarization of the interrogating light beams useful for determining a concentration of a targeted molecule M (such as glucose) within a given time period in a liquid sampling matrix through use of a Direct Infrared Laser Absorption Spectroscopy Technique.

Abstract: A controller and a distal sensor module are used to emit optical emissions to a liquid sample being tested in a human body and detect desired optical data which the controller uses to electronically calculate a concentration measurement of a targeted analyte (e.g., glucose). The distal sensor module is held in place by a retention mechanism while a clamping system applies clamping pressure to the liquid sample during a test period to maintain a specified sample height of the liquid sample. An optical cable is intermediate the controller and the distal sensor module and is pluggably connected to the controller. Continuous monitoring of the analyte is possible without disconnecting the controller from the optical cable or the distal sensor module from the patient while clamping pressure on the test sample is reduced outside of the test period.

Abstract: Increased precision for liquid absorption spectroscopy, especially for in vivo samples of human analytes, is obtained by varying the signal or signal and interference central wavelengths when the temperature of the sample site varies beyond a selected threshold used for determining standardized signal or signal and interference central wavelengths. The amount of variance for a central wavelength of the signal beam which includes 1,150 nm is approximately 2 nm or less.

Abstract: The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.

Abstract: The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.

Abstract: The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.

Abstract: The concentration of a targeted molecule (such as glucose) in a liquid medium having at least one interfering molecule coexisting with the targeted molecule is detected by use of NDIR and a sampling technique in which an imposed location of a pulse beam from a signal source, an interference source and a reference source is varied over a plurality of sites of a sampling area.

Abstract: For determining concentration of targeted molecules MG in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules MJ which overlap their absorption band, a special NDIR sampling and calibration technique is employed. Besides the signal source, a reference and one or more interference sources are added. The selection of the wavelength for the interference sources enables its measured transmittance value to be used for deciding the validity of the calibration curve for molecules MG in the liquid sample. This value can further be used to adjust the calibration curve via a parameter linking the transmittances measured at the signal and interference wavelength channels in order to assure its validity.

Abstract: For determining concentration of targeted molecules MG in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules MJ which overlap their absorption band, a special NDIR sampling and calibration technique is employed. Besides the signal source, a reference and one or more interference sources are added. The selection of the wavelength for the interference sources enables its measured transmittance value to be used for deciding the validity of the calibration curve for molecules MG in the liquid sample. This value can further be used to adjust the calibration curve via a parameter linking the transmittances measured at the signal and interference wavelength channels in order to assure its validity.

Abstract: A glucose sensor measures glucose molecules in vivo through use of NDIR in which scattering noise is reduced and Absorption Interference Noise (AIN) is suppressed with a reflection technique. Electronics are used to provide an output of glucose concentration glucose in a liquid sampling matrix after it has been determined that a calibration curve is valid after signal processing is used to obtain average ratio values for reflected signal/reference channels and interference/reference channel obtained after a pulsed beam from signal, interference and reference sources is directed at an inclined angle to a normal of a spot of the liquid sampling matrix. The signal, interference and reference sources are each pulsed at a preselected frequency of at least N Hz which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of glucose or interfering molecule will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the preselected frequency.

Abstract: A glucose sensor measures glucose molecules in vivo through use of NDIR in which scattering noise is reduced and Absorption Interference Noise (AIN) is suppressed with a reflection technique. Electronics are used to provide an output of glucose concentration glucose in a liquid sampling matrix after it has been determined that a calibration curve is valid after signal processing is used to obtain average ratio values for reflected signal/reference channels and interference/reference channel obtained after a pulsed beam from signal, interference and reference sources is directed at an inclined angle to a normal of a spot of the liquid sampling matrix. The signal, interference and reference sources are each pulsed at a preselected frequency of at least N Hz which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of glucose or interfering molecule will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the preselected frequency.

Abstract: For determining concentration of a targeted molecule M in a liquid sample admixed with interfering molecules MJ which overlap its absorption band, a NDIR reflection sampling technique is used. Besides the signal source, a reference and an interference source are added. M is calculated by electronics which use Rave(t) from a pulsed signal and reference channel output and a calibration curve which is validated by use of RJava(t2) from a pulsed interference and reference channel output. Signal, interference and reference sources are pulsed at a frequency which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of M or MJ will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the pulsing frequency.

Abstract: Two coherent narrow bandwidth infrared beams, the Signal and the Reference, are incident at an angle and at high frequency sequentially and alternately at the same spot of a whole blood/body tissues sample. The Signal beam has a center wavelength which falls within an absorption line of glucose in whole blood (e.g. 1.409?). The Reference beam has a center wavelength which does not coincide with any known absorption lines of glucose in whole blood (e.g. 1,278?). Radiation emitted from the spot at which the beams penetrate into the sample and subsequently emanate from it after multiple scattering and spurious absorption effects is collected by a lens onto an infrared detector. The ratio of the voltage detected from the emerging Signal beam over that of the Reference beam is processed to yield the value of glucose concentration in the whole blood/body tissue sample.

Abstract: NDIR is used to determine a concentration of a chosen molecule M in a liquid sample which contains one or more interfering molecules MJ which absorb radiation at the signal wavelength used in the NDIR process by addition of an interference source. M is calculated by electronics which use Rave(t) from a pulsed signal and reference channel output and a calibration curve which is validated by use of RJave(t2) from a pulsed interference and reference channel output. Signal, interference and reference sources are pulsed at a frequency which is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of M or MJ will not pass in and out of the liquid sampling matrix within the pulsing frequency.

Abstract: A concentration of glucose in a blood sample is determined through use of a signal channel output/reference channel ratio obtained by use of an NDIR absorption technique in which scattering noise attributable to the liquid phase is reduced by alternately and successively pulsing infrared radiation from signal and reference sources which are multiplexed and collimated into a pulsed beam directed through the sample space containing the liquid phase and the pulse frequency is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of glucose will not pass in and out of the sample space within the pulse frequency.

Abstract: A concentration of a chosen molecule in a liquid phase in a sample space is determined through use of a signal channel output/reference channel ratio obtained by use of an NDIR absorption technique in which scattering noise attributable to the liquid phase is reduced by alternately and successively pulsing infrared radiation from signal and reference sources which are multiplexed and collimated into a pulsed beam directed through the sample space containing the liquid phase and the pulse frequency is sufficiently fast so that a given molecule of the chosen molecule will not pass in and out of the sample space within the pulse frequency.

Abstract: A nasal air filtration device includes a pair of either planar or concave-convex filters, a support structure incorporating a pair of generally annular bases or sleeves for supporting the filters, and a bridge that couples the bases or sleeves to maintain them in a desired spaced-apart relation and to determine a desired angular relationship. The support structure is insertable into the nasal cavities to position the filters within corresponding nasal cavities. Flexible rims maintain the support structure and the filters in spaced-apart relation to the surrounding nasal wall. The filters may be placed within the bases at an angle with respect to the walls of the bases. Also, the filtration device may be flesh tone in color, thereby blending with the skin tone of the user. In some embodiments, a post structure is supplied for supplying a scent or aroma to the wearer.

Abstract: An Absorption Biased (AB) methodology for NDIR gas sensors is used with a single infrared source and a detector to detect a single gas of interest by using a motion device to change the path length between that of the signal and reference channels. As in the case of the AB designed NDIR gas sensor, the ratio of the output of the Signal channel, measured during location arrangement X, over that of the Reference channel, measured during location arrangement Y, will be used to process the gas measurement. Multiple gases of interest can be detected by using one detector to detect multiple gases and/or by locating a second detector to detect multiple gases more distant from the source than the first detector, thereby creating longer path lengths for the second detector.

Abstract: A holder for a nasal air filtration device or dilation device. A holder for a nasal device may be a thin, generally “Z” or “S” shaped device that holds a nasal device in a substantially secure and stable position. Each of a nasal device's nasal bases can be placed or secured on a placement limb of the holder while a connecting member of the nasal device can be secured on the opposite side of the holder from where the nasal bases are positioned along a vertical portion of the holder relative to the placement limbs. There may be securing notches in the holder that help secure a nasal device at generally the point where the bases of the nasal device attach to the connecting member of the nasal device. The notches may allow a nasal device to be securely attached to the holder.

Abstract: An NDIR gas sensor is housed within a mechanical housing made up of a header housing, a can mounted to the header housing, and a sample chamber mounted above the can. The can has a top surface with a pair of windows formed in it to allow radiation to enter and return from the sample chamber. An electronics module is mounted on a printed circuit board hermetically sealed within the can. A signal channel path length detected by the signal detector is greater than a reference channel path length detected by the reference detector and an absorption bias between the signal and reference outputs can be used to determine a gas concentration in the sample chamber. Both the signal detector and the reference detector have an identical narrow band pass filter with the same Center Wavelength (“CWL”), Full Width Half Maximum (FWHM) and transmittance efficiency at the CWL.