Abstract: In the production of multi-ply paper in a twin-wire former of the kind in which the wires define a curved forming zone, preferably a former of roll type with a smooth-faced forming roll, a substantially improved layer purity is produced in that the discharges from a first and at least succeeding portion of the curved forming zone are collected separately as different fractions. The first fraction collected nearest the multilayer headbox is returned in a first separate circuit to be used for diluting a first high consistency pulp to a first stock of headbox consistency, from which stock a first layer is to be formed directly on the outer wire in relation to the curved forming zone. At least a portion of a second fraction collected at a greater distance from the multilayer headbox is returned in a second separate circuit to be used for diluting a second high consistency pulp to a second stock of headbox consistency, from which a second layer is to be formed superimposed on the first layer.

Abstract: Multilayer headbox apparatus for a papermaking machine comprises spaced apart headbox walls defining an elongated, converging channel terminating in an exit opening, and at least one partition member anchored in the headbox at its upstream end with its downstream end free, said partition member extending from side to side in the headbox and at least to the vicinity of said opening and dividing the headbox into a plurality of shallow, converging channels extending to said opening for conveying a plurality of paper making stocks thereto and for discharging a plurality of paper making stocks therefrom in stacked, spaced apart relation, together with means for maintaining a wedge-shaped body of gaseous fluid between said discharged jets at the downstream end of said partition member to keep the jets separated for a predetermined distance beyond said exit opening in the direction of a forming surface.

Abstract: A control circuit for controlling either the position and the speed of travel of a press table or the hydraulic pressure acting on the press table, or both, in a hydraulic press, in particular a press for wood-based boards, comprising an actual-value transmitter for the position of the press table, a pressure transmitter for the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic press cylinder, a set point transmitter, and a control valve, actuated by the deviation of the actual value from the set point value, for the hydraulic cylinder by means of which the press table is moved. In order to produce a simple and inexpensive control circuit compared with conventional control circuits, in which the control valve is a complicated and expensive servo valve, the control valve is a pressure controlling proportional valve and the circuit can be designed to provide an arbitrary, e.g.

Abstract: In a device for producing from an outlet slot of constant width along its length, a flowing film of liquid with a velocity substantially constant over the length of the slot, a row of passageways, arranged in parallel with each other, connect a supply duct with the outlet slot. In order to reduce the demand for high precision and thus the associated cost of manufacture, the passageways are made of an elongate configuration and with a constant bore diameter along a length which is several times greater than the bore diameter. The restrictions preferably consist of tubes of varying length along the length of the outlet slot and a formula for determining the length of the tubes is given. The use of the device in a fountain applicator for coating webs is also described.

Abstract: A marine propeller unit having a propeller (1) mounted on a horizontal propeller shaft (2) which is journalled in a gear housing (3), which is fixedly connected to a hollow strut (4) whose upper end is mounted in the bottom of a water-going vessel for rotation about a substantially vertical axis. The propeller is driven by a drive machinery within the vessel. Two conical gears (7/9, 8/10) on the propeller shaft are coupled to two vertical gear-drive shafts (11,12) journalled within the strut. The two gear-drive shafts are coupled by their respective cylindrical gears (19, 20) to an inner vertical drive shaft (16) and an outer tubular drive shaft (17) respectively, the tubular drive shaft being arranged outside the inner drive shaft (16) and coaxial therewith. These coaxial drive shafts are connected together and to the output shaft (21) of the drive machinery by resilient couplings (22, 23) in a manner such as to permit said shafts to be driven together.

Abstract: A stay vane ring for the spiral casing of a rotary hydraulic machine comprises two axially spaced-apart ring members disposed coaxially about the machine axis and a plurality of axially extending stay vanes connected between the ring members. Each ring member comprises a substantially cylindrical ring of metal plate and the axial ends of the stay vane plates are extended in axial direction on both sides of said cylindrical plate ring of the ring members at least substantially all the way out to the most distant circular edge of the cylindrical plate ring so that a cross-joint is formed between each stay vane plate and the cylindrical plate ring of each ring member. At each such cross-joint the stay vane plate and the cylindrical plate ring are welded to each other.

Abstract: Stock flow alignment means for the headbox of a paper machine or the like comprises a plurality of composite tubes having their opposite ends mounted in apertures in two spaced apart tube plates extending in the cross machine direction. Each composite tube includes first and second tubular elements assembled in telescoping relation to accommodate changes in length resulting from thermal expansion. Also, each composite tube is formed with a stepwise enlargement of its cross section in the direction of flow near the telescoped ends of the tubular elements. Flow deflector means disposed in the flow paths to the inlet ends of the composite tubes prevent fibers in the stock from collecting at the inlets.

Abstract: A spray cleaning apparatus for foraminous elements of papermaking machines and the like such as wires and felts and the like in which an elongate spray manifold for spraying liquid is mounted in an elongate carrier which is supported for movement longitudinally and relative to a machine element to be cleaned. A drive is provided for reciprocating the carrier longitudinally, and the spray manifold is arranged to be easily detachable from the carrier so as to move with the carrier while being removable therefrom as necessitated by maintenance service and the like.

Abstract: A stay vane ring for the spiral casing of a rotary hydraulic machine comprises two axially spaced-apart ring members disposed coaxially about the machine axis and a plurality of axially extending stay vanes connected between the ring members. Each ring member is a cast member having a substantially triangular cross section and is disposed with one wall facing the other ring member, the axial ends of the stay vanes being welded to those walls and the ends of metal plates making up the spiral casing being welded to the ring members along annular edges thereof that are located opposite the aforementioned walls.

Abstract: A traveling web is coated on both sides with an aqueous coating composition by a method that utilizes apparatus providing two coating stations. The two coating stations are spaced from each other in the direction of travel of the web and each station includes a backing roll, a doctor blade and a device for applying coating composition to one side of the traveling web. One side of the web is brought into contact with the backing roll at the first coating station and aqueous coating composition is applied to the other side of the web. The web is then passed between the backing roll and the doctor blade at the first coating station. At the second coating station, the coated side of the web is juxtaposed with the backing roll and aqueous coating composition is applied to the uncoated side of the web. The web is passed between the backing roll and the doctor blade at the second coating station, while the doctor blade is maintained in contact with the coating composition applied at the second coating station.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously forming a fibrous web in which a fibrous suspension is injected into a tapered throat formed by two running wires pervious to the suspension and converging to the periphery of an impermeable roll; the wires and the injected suspension therebetween are transported over a portion of the periphery of the roll under tension to form and dewater the injected suspension; as the wires run off the forming and dewatering roll, the web is sucked loose from the outer wire and it and the wires are transported over a convexly curved surface under tension; and the web is separated from the outer wire by off-running in the direction away from the convexly curved surface while the inner wire runs off that surface with the web, the convexly curved surface being impermeable at least at the wire separation location.

Abstract: The transfer of a fibrous web in a paper-making machine from a first foraminous belt to a second foraminous belt is facilitated by applying water to the side of the first belt opposite from the side on which the web is carried partially to wet the web, leading the second belt into engagement with the fibrous web before or after wetting it, and after the web is wet, and while the second belt is in engagement with the web, causing the water or gas pressure on the side of the web adhering to the first belt to exceed the water or gas pressure on the side of the web adjacent to the second belt.

Abstract: Finely-mixed stock is produced in a headbox by delivering a multiplicity of separate stock streams at a relatively high velocity into passages defined between closely-spaced planar lamellae which extend parallel to the stock flow and oblique to a medial plane that lies axially and transversely of the fine-mixing stage that contains the lamellae. The stock flows at relatively low velocity in finely-mixed condition from the fine-mixing stage to a discharge nozzle, the axis of which lies at a substantial angle to the axis of the fine-mixing stage. The stock distribution and mixing section and the delivery nozzle of the headbox may be divided axially and transversely into two or more separate compartments for discharge of a jet composed of layers of the same or different stocks to form multi-ply webs.

Abstract: Apparatus for mounting and dismounting a submerged propeller unit to and from the hull of a floating body from the outside thereof comprising a flange in the hull surrounding an opening therein and having passages therein, a flange on the propeller unit having fasteners at locations corresponding to the locations of the passages in the hull flange, a drive coupling member on the propeller unit, a plurality of guides on the propeller unit for guiding the coupling member into the hull opening and for positioning the propeller unit flange in proper relation to the hull flange as the propeller unit is raised into position, a plurality of cables secured at their upper ends to a hoisting cable with their lower ends extending through watertight ways in the hull for coupling detachably to a plurality of locations on the propeller unit, spreaders located between the hoisting cable and the floating body for positioning the cables in substantial alignment with the respective cable ways in the hull, the cable ways being

Abstract: Apparatus for mounting and dismounting a submerged propeller unit to and from the hull of a floating body from the outside thereof comprises a flange in the hull surrounding an opening therein and having passages therein, a flange on the propeller unit having fasteners at locations corresponding to the locations of the passages in the hull flange, a drive coupling member on the propeller unit, a plurality of guides on the propeller unit for guiding the coupling member into the hull opening and for positioning the propeller unit flange in proper relation to the hull flange as the propeller unit is raised into position, a lifting yoke carrying a plurality of lifting cables extending through watertight ways in the hull and adapted to be secured detachably to the propeller unit whereby the propeller unit flange may be raised to the level of the hull flange with the fasteners in the former in registry with the passages in the latter to facilitate securing the propeller unit flange to the hull flange.

Abstract: Apparatus for mounting and dismounting a submerged propeller unit to and from the hull of a floating body from the outside thereof comprises a flange in the hull surrounding an opening therein and having passages therein, a flange on the propeller unit having fastening means corresponding to the passages in the hull flange, a drive coupling member on the propeller unit adapted to extend through the hull opening when the propeller unit flange is secured to the hull flange, guides on the propeller unit for guiding the coupling member into the hull opening and for positioning the propeller unit flange with its fastening threaded bores in registry with the passages in the hull flange as the propeller unit is raised to assembled position with its flange against the hull fange, a removable watertight chamber formed in the hull and communicating with the opening therein, cables extending through watertight ways in the hull and adapted to be secured detachably to the propeller unit to raise the same to bring the prop

Abstract: A curved deflector for intercepting high velocity sprays of liquids thrown from a moving member has holes formed in the portion of the deflector remote from the member for permitting substantially all liquid collected by the deflector to pass through the holes and in so doing be substantially slowed in velocity, thereby substantially eliminating aeration from splashing and considerably reducing noise.

Abstract: Apparatus for facilitating dismounting and remounting a removable blade of a shrouded marine propeller comprises detachable brackets that are temporarily affixed to the propeller hub and the blade to be removed and a pivot pin that is installed through aligned holes in the brackets and forms a pivot axis about which the blade is flipped back out of the shroud, the blade having previously been positioned to reside generally in a plane including the propeller hub axis.

Abstract: A runner for an hydrodynamic machine comprises fixed runner vanes mounted in a predominantly radially oriented part of an annular channel defined between a crown and a skirt ring, and a crown tip attached to the crown and defining with the skirt ring a predominantly axial portion of the channel. Fins attached to the crown tip deflect the flow leaving the runner vanes to eliminate essentially all vortex flow when the turbine operates above an optimum condition. The fins are substantially triangular in shape and are located with the apex portion nearest the runner vanes and the base portion remotest from the vanes. They are curved along their length, the apex being substantially aligned with the flow from the vanes and the base being aligned to deflect the flow in a direction generally with the axis of rotation of the runner.

Abstract: A pulp grinder comprises a grindstone having separate longitudinally spaced apart shafts mounted for rotation about a common axis and a grindstone structure mounted on the shafts. The grindstone structure includes a tubular shell having flanges at either end, and each shaft includes a flange that mates with a corresponding flange of the tubular shell. The flanges of the respective shafts are detachably connected to the flanges on the tubular shell, thereby facilitating removing the grindstone structure for repair or replacement without requiring disassembly of the shaft journals.