Abstract: A motor vehicle air spring has an air volume subdivided into an air spring volume and an ancillary volume. The two volumes (4, 6) are connected to each other by a line (8) having a cross section which can be switched or continuously adjusted by a valve (12). The valve (12) has two roll membranes (56, 58) which are arranged in mutual opposition. The intermediate space (60) between the roll membranes (56, 58) preferably communicates with the atmosphere. The two mutually opposingly mounted roll membranes (56, 58) can be joined to form a single double roll membrane (76). Preferably, the valve body (34) as well as the bore (62) of the valve housing (36) is configured so as to be cylindrical so that the constant effective diameter (Dw) of the roll membranes (56, 58) results which is independent of the deflection of the valve body (34).

Abstract: In a very simple production and assembly process, reliable stop absorption between a drive-side gear wheel (1) and a driven-side carrier (2) is obtained when there is a mutual relative movement between the gear wheel (1) and the carrier (2) that is caused by the stop. To this end, a cam (2.1) of the carrier (2) elastically deforms a spring element (1.1) of the gear wheel (1) via a tangential stop bevel (1.11; 1.12). The gear wheel (1) and the carrier (2) are preferably configured as injection molded parts, which are axially spaced and interconnected when produced and assembled and which can be axially fit together by releasing or breaking the connection.

Abstract: In a method for operating a magnetic resonance tomography system having a shim coil arrangement and a gradient coil arrangement, in which, in order to generate an image dataset of a region of an examination subject to be imaged, at least the region that is to be imaged is borne in an imaging volume of the system, an initial shim adjustment procedure is carried out, a change (if it occurs) in the position of the imaged region in relation to the imaging volume is detected, and a current in the shim coil arrangement is modified dependent on the detected position change.

Abstract: An impregnation process in which a carrier material is impregnated by an impregnation medium. The impregnation of the carrier material is determined via a dielectric constant of the carrier material, preferably by a determination of a capacitance. A device for monitoring the impregnation of the carrier material with the impregnation medium is also disclosed.

Abstract: The stack of flat mail pieces that are arranged adjacent to one another on a support can be portioned with the aid of at least one displaceable holding support containing a conveyor belt because the support is divided into a horizontally oriented, stationary section and an adjacent section that can be pivoted about a pivoting axis positioned at the end of the pivotable section in the stacking direction. During the portioning process, the pivotable section extending downward at an angle from the stationary section is pivoted downward into a horizontal position. A holding support with a conveyor belt that is driven downward during the pivoting process is arranged underneath the stationary section at its border with the pivotable section. An additional support is arranged on the frame of the pivotable section of the support above the mail pieces. This additional support holds the stack remaining on the stationary section of the support.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a filtering device comprising at least one filtering membrane, at least one counter surface opposite to the filtering membrane, and at least one gap-shaped liquid space formed between the filtering membrane and the counter surface. The present invention further refers to a filtering method, in which a liquid is introduced into a gap-shaped liquid space formed between a filtering membrane and a counter surface and is moved relative to the filtering membrane and/or the counter surface. To obtain an improved filtering method and an improved filtering device, it is suggested by the present invention that the filtering device comprises a disk at whose circular surface at least the filtering membrane or the counter surface is formed.

Abstract: The invention provides X-ray contrastable plastics materials with low-molecular weight iodine compounds, a process for preparing X-ray contrastable plastics materials with low molecular weight iodine compounds, the use of low molecular weight iodine compounds to improve the X-ray contrast in transparent plastics materials and toys with improved X-ray contrast containing low molecular weight iodine compounds.

Abstract: A process for preparing guanidine derivatives, in particular creatine, is described and entails continuously combining a cyanamide derivative and a primary or secondary amine in the presence of crystals of the guanidine derivative.

Abstract: Human antibodies, preferably recombinant human antibodies, that specifically bind to human tumor necrosis factor &agr; (hTNF&agr;) are disclosed. These antibodies have high affinity for hTNF&agr; (e.g., Kd=10−8 M or less), a slow off rate for hTNF&agr; dissociation (e.g., Koff=10−3 sec−1 or less) and neutralize hTNF&agr; activity in vitro and in vivo. An antibody of the invention can be a full-length antibody or an antigen-binding portion thereof. The antibodies, or antibody portions, of the invention are useful for detecting hTNF&agr; and for inhibiting hTNF&agr; activity, e.g., in a human subject suffering from a disorder in which hTNF&agr; activity is detrimental. Nucleic acids, vectors and host cells for expressing the recombinant human antibodies of the invention, and methods of synthesizing the recombinant human antibodies, are also encompassed by the invention.

Abstract: Phosphabenzene compounds of the formula (I) where the radicals R1 to R13 are, independently of one another, hydrogen, COOM, SO3M, NR3X, NR2, OR, COOR or SR (where M=hydrogen, NH4 or alkali metal, X=anion, R=hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl), or C1-C12-alkyl, C6-C12-aryl, C7-C12-aralkyl, C7-C12-alkaryl or C3-C6-heteroaromatics, where the alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl radicals may bear the abovementioned radicals as substituents and two or more of the radicals may be joined to form aliphatic or fused-on rings, where at least one of the radicals R4 and R8 and at least one of the radicals R9 and R13 is not hydrogen, can be used for preparing hydroformylation catalysts.

Abstract: The object is, by simple measures, to ensure a particularly smooth inner surface and maintain particularly high dimensional accuracy of a pump housing of a cooling-water pump for a power plant. For this purpose, the cast-concrete pump housing of the cooling-water pump has, according to the invention, a number of formwork elements made of glass-fiber reinforced plastic.

Abstract: Multicomponent superabsorbent gel particles are disclosed. The multicomponent particles comprise at least one acidic water-absorbing resin and at least one basic water-absorbing resin. Each particle contains microdomains of the acidic resin and/or the basic resin homogeneously dispersed throughout the particle.

Abstract: An electrochromic device comprising a pair of glass or plastic plates or plastic films of which at least one plate or film, preferably both plates or films, are provided on in each case one side with an electrically conductive coating, of which at least one plate or film and its conductive coating is transparent, of which the other may be mirrored, and of which in the case of at least one of the two plates or films the electrically conductive layer can be divided into separate, individually contacted area segments and the conductive coatings can be connected at at least one point to an electrical conductor, where the plates or films are joined together via a sealing ring on the sides of their conductive coating, and the volume formed by the two plates or films and the sealing ring is filled with an electrochromic medium which comprises at least one reducible electrochromic compound OX2 and at least one oxidizable electrochromic compound RED1, in which the electrochromic medium also comprises a further reducib

Abstract: The present invention relates to blocked fluorine-containing polyisocyanates which have a fluorine content, calculated as F=19, of 1.0 to 20.0 wt. %, preferably 4.0 to 10.0 wt. %, and are suitable for preparing stoving coatings having a water- and soil-repellent surface, wherein the fluorine-containing polyisocyanates are based on the reaction product of aliphatic polyisocyanates or polyisocyanate mixtures having an NCO content of 10 to 25 wt. % and a functionality of at least 2.5 with monofunctional isocyanate blocking agents and a fluorinated monoalcohols wherein i) 75 to 95 equivalent-% of the isocyanate groups are reacted with isocyanate blocking agents, ii) 5 to 25 equivalent-% of the isocyanate groups are reacted with fluorinated monoalcohols and iii) the equivalents of i) and ii) add up to 100%.

Abstract: A process for preparing ethyl atropate by reacting ethyl phenylacetate with paraformaldehyde in the presence of a base is described and entails employing as ethyl phenylacetate a product which contains not more than 0.03% of the corresponding methyl phenylacetate, and carrying out the reaction in N-methyl-pyrrolidone or N,N-dimethylformamide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of an aluminum-containing iron oxide crystallization nucleus with a &agr;-FeOOH crystal structure from FeCl2. This nucleus is suitable as starting material for the production of iron oxide red (&agr;-Fe2O3) via &agr;-FeOOH as an intermediate product.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing an aluminium-containing iron oxide nucleus with an &agr;-FeOOH crystal structure from FeCl2. This nucleus is a suitable starting material for the preparation of iron oxide yellow and for use as a yellow coloring pigment.

Abstract: For the purpose of achieving a simple casting design that exhibits high rigidity and specific coolant guide, it is proposed for a liquid cooled cross flow cylinder head, which is intended for internal combustion engines with cylinders arranged in series and comprises a coolant chamber, which is closed against an integrated control housing by means of a cover wall, that the cover wall exhibit a cavity between diametrical screw pipes and shaft tubes, which adjoin at right angles, for spark plugs or injection nozzles. Said cavity is connected to the cylinder head bottom by a cross wall between the diametrical screw pipes. The cavity's wall segments that ascend from the cross wall in the direction of the cover wall serve as the flow guide surfaces.

Abstract: The disclosure sets forth aqueous cationic surfactant formulations and a process for their preparation. The formulations contains in solution a) from 10 to 50% by weight of a quaternary ammonium compound of the formula I: where: the substituents have the meanings set forth in the description, and b) from 0.01 to 15% by weight of an amine of the formula III: and c) from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a buffer which maintains a pH in a range from 4 to 9. The surfactant formulation is prepared by reacting an amine of the formula III in aqueous solution with a dialkyl sulfate of the formula IV where R1 to R5 are in a molar ratio range from 85 to 99.99 mol %, based on the amine and at from 20 to 100 degrees C. and then adding to the reaction solution from 0.1 to 5.0% by weight of a buffer which maintains a pH in a range from 4 to 9.