Abstract: Hybrid copolymer compositions include a hybrid copolymer including at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a naturally derived hydroxyl containing chain transfer agent as an end group; and a hybrid synthetic copolymer including one or more synthetic polymers derived from the at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer with at least one initiator fragment as an end group. The hybrid copolymer composition may be prepared as a scale inhibiting composition. Methods of preparing a hybrid copolymer are also included.

Abstract: The present invention relates to glutamic acid N,N-diacetic amide, potassium or sodium glutamate N,N-diacetic amide, glutamic acid N-acetic amide N-acetonitrile, potassium or sodium glutamate N-acetic amide N-acetonitrile, to processes to prepare such compounds and the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of xanthan gum, particularly heat treated xanthan gum, as a fixative in hair cosmetic compositions. Xanthan gum is advantageous in that it may be used with other hair fixatives and provides rheology modifying and other properties including excellent stiffness, gloss, dry comb, wet comb, non-flake, anti-static, feel and high humidity curl retention.

Abstract: The invention relates to thermally expandable thermoplastic microspheres comprising a polymer shell made from ethylenically unsaturated monomers encapsulating a propellant, said ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising from 40 to 70 wt % of acrylonitrile, from 5 to 40 wt % of methacrylonitrile, from 10 to 50 wt % of monomers selected from the group consisting of esters of acrylic acid, esters of methacrylic acid and mixtures thereof, and said propellant comprising at least one of methane, ethane, propane, isobutane, n-butane and neo-pentane. The invention further relates to the production and use of the microspheres.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for minimizing the formation of insoluble salts of phenoxy herbicides. The method comprises (1) mixing a compatibility agent, amine salts of phenoxy acid herbicides, and a chemical containing non-amine cations in a aqueous system to form a stable and non-nozzle plugging solution; and (2) application of said stable and non-nozzle plugging solution onto target plants.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising an anionic water-soluble dispersion polymer comprising in polymerized form a monomer mixture comprising (i) one or more anionic monomers, (ii) a first non-ionic vinyl monomer which is acrylamide, and (iii) at least one second non-ionic vinyl monomer; a water-soluble salt and a stabilizer, wherein the water soluble salt is present in an amount of at least 2.0% by weight, based on the total weight of the dispersion. The invention further relates to a process for producing the aqueous polymer dispersion, use of the aqueous polymer dispersion as a flocculating agent in papermaking or for water purification, and a process for producing paper which comprises adding one or more drainage and retention aids comprising the aqueous polymer dispersion to an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibers and then dewatering the obtained suspension.

Abstract: The invention relates to a viscoelastic system for drift reduction for pesticidal formulations, and the use thereof, wherein said formulation comprising at least one nitrogen-based cationic surfactant and at least one pesticide, wherein said pesticide contains at least one acid functional group associating with said cationic surfactant thereby forming a viscoelastic formulation.

Abstract: Process to prepare ethylene amines by the amination of ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol or ethanolamine in the presence of a catalyst, including a step wherein methylamine and ethylamine are removed from the reaction effluents, wherein the methylamine and the ethylamine are adsorbed onto or absorbed by absorbents and adsorbents (absorption/adsorption) and wherein the absorption/adsorption takes place in the liquid phase or in the gas phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of phosphated 2-propylheptanol, phosphated 2-proyplheptanol alkoxylate and/or mixtures thereof in agricultural formulations. The invention also relates to agricultural formulations comprising the aforementioned adjuvants, and to methods of treating a plant with the agricultural formulations of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having an axial ratio of at least about 10 and specific surface area of at least about 600 m2/g. The invention further relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having an axial ratio of at least about 10 and S-value up to about 25. The invention further relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having an axial ratio of at least about 10 and a specific surface area of at least about 400 m2/g, wherein the silica-based particles are surface-modified. The invention further relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having a viscosity of at least 50 cP and silica content of at least about 3% by weight, wherein the silica-based particles have a specific surface area of at least about 400 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of bleaching pulp derived from an alkaline pulping process having a hexenuronic acid content prior to the final bleaching stage from about 1 to about 80 mmol/kg dry pulp, said process comprising three chlorine dioxide stages D0, D1, and D2, wherein the chlorine dioxide charges based on the total chlorine dioxide charge in a) D0 is from about 40 to about 60%; b) D1 is from about 30 to about 55%; c) D2 is from about 4 to about 20%, and wherein the final chlorine dioxide stage D2 is performed at a pH from about 2 to about 4.5. The invention also relates to a bleached pulp obtainable by the process.

Abstract: Gel prevention agents and methods for use with agricultural products include certain alkylamidoamines and their quaternary ammonium counterparts that, when blended with products containing alkoxylated surfactants, the alkylamidoamines and their quaternary counterparts reduce the gel formation tendency of such products.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing paper which comprises: providing an aqueous suspension comprising cellulosic fibers, adding to the suspension, after all points of high shear, a cationic polysaccharide; an inorganic polymer P1 being a cationic polyaluminium compound; and a polymer P2 being an anionic polymer; and, dewatering the obtained suspension to form paper.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for producing sodium chloride comprising the steps of: (i) preparing a brine having a sodium chloride concentration which is higher than the sodium chloride concentration of the eutectic point but lower than the sodium chloride concentration of a saturated brine by dissolving a sodium chloride source in water; (ii) cooling the resulting brine by indirect cooling in a self-cleaning fluidized bed heat exchanger/crystallizer to a temperature lower than 0° C. but higher than the eutectic temperature of the resulting brine, thereby forming a slurry comprising sodium chloride dihydrate and a mother liquor; (iii) feeding the sodium chloride dihydrate to a recrystallizer to form sodium chloride and a mother liquor, and (iv) recycling at least part of the mother liquor obtained in step (ii) and/or step (iii) to step (i).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing paper which comprises: (i) providing an aqueous suspension comprising cellulosic fibres, (ii) adding to the suspension after all points of high shear: a first polymer being a cationic polymer having a charge density above 2.5 meq/g; a second polymer; and a third polymer being an organic or inorganic anionic polymer; and (iii) dewatering the obtained suspension to form paper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of powders redispersible in water comprising an organic component and a water-soluble organic polymeric protective colloid. The organic component is dispersed and stabilized with the protective colloid in water to form a stable dispersion which is dried to form the powder redispersible in water. The organic component comprises abietic acid, sylvic acid, neoabietic acid, levopinaric acid, pimaric acid, isopimaric acid and/or palustric acid and/or their derivatives. The water-soluble organic polymeric protective colloid comprises synthetic protective colloids and naturally and/or synthetically produced biopolymer which can be synthetically modified. The obtained powder reduces efflorescence in hydraulically set systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having an axial ratio of at least about 10 and specific surface area of at least about 600 m2/g. The invention further relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having an axial ratio of at least about 10 and S-value up to about 25. The invention further relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having an axial ratio of at least about 10 and a specific surface area of at least about 400 m2/g, wherein the silica-based particles are surface-modified. The invention further relates to a sol containing silica-based particles having a viscosity of at least 50 cP and silica content of at least about 3% by weight, wherein the silica-based particles have a specific surface area of at least about 400 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an additive package for warm-mix asphalt formulations for the pavement of road surfaces, said additive package comprising a) surfactant component, and b) an asphalt rheology modifying component, wherein said asphalt rheology modifying component comprises at least one of a i) a wax component and ii) a resin component. The invention also relates to a warm mix asphalt having improved compaction at lower temperatures, and to a pavement made from said warm mix asphalt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filler composition comprising a) a filler, b) a cationic inorganic compound, c) a cationic organic compound, and d) an anionic polysaccharide, wherein the filler is present in an amount of at least about 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, the anionic polysaccharide is present in an amount of about 1 to about 100 kg/ton, based on the weight of filler, and wherein the composition is substantially free from fibers.

Abstract: An aqueous sol containing silica-based particles which sol has a specific surface area of at least 115 m2/g aqueous sol and a pH of at least 10.5, and an S-value within the range of from 10 to 45% and/or contains silica-based particles having a specific surface area of at least 550 and less than about 1200 m2/g SiO2, and wherein the sol is substantially free from aluminium.