Abstract: The present invention relates to a method to electroplate or electropolish a metal on a substrate wherein an ionic liquid is selected from the group of N+R1R2R3R4 X? or N+R5R6R7R8 Y? is employed as electrolyte, and a metal salt added to the ionic liquid is employed as the metal source or a metal anode is used as the metal source, wherein any one of R1 to R8 independently represents a hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group that may be substituted with a group selected from OH, Cl, Br, F, I, phenyl, NH2, CN, NO2, COOR9, CHO, COR9, or OR9, at least one of R5 to R8 is a fatty alkyl chain, and one or more of R5 to R8 can be a (poly)oxyalkylene group wherein the alkylene is a C1 to C4 alkylene and the total number of oxyalkylene units can be from 1 to 50 oxyalkylene units, and at least one of R1 to R8 is a C1 to C4 alkyl chain, R9 is an alkyl or cycloalkyl group, X? is an anion having an N-acyl sulphonylimide anion (—CO—N?—SO2—) functionality, Y? is an anion compatible with the N+R5R6R7R8 ammonium cati

Abstract: The invention provides an aqueous composition that can alleviate at least one of the problems that conventional aqueous compositions for cosmetics have (e.g., insufficient temporal stability, insufficient viscosity increase, being incapable of being used in a variety of pH ranges and being incapable of providing sufficient thixotropy). The aqueous composition for cosmetics includes: (A) at least one selected from the group consisting of a cross-linked product of a hydroxyalkyl modified starch with a carbon number of 2 to 5, a cross-linked product of a hydroxyalkyl modified starch with a carbon number of 2 to 5 and an acyl modified starch with a carbon number of 2 to 18 and a cross-linked product of an acyl modified starch with a carbon number of 2 to 18; and (B) a water-soluble polymer material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing an aqueous detergent dispersion comprising mixing at least one silane compound, colloidal silica particles, and a detergent to form an aqueous detergent dispersion comprising silanized colloidal silica particles. The invention also relates to a dispersion obtainable by the method and to the use thereof.

Abstract: Aqueous coating composition having a PVC from 78 to 85% and free of non-fugitive coalescing solvent, comprising, based on the total volume solids of the dry coating unless otherwise stated, a) opacifying pigment particles comprising from 3 to 10% titanium dioxide and from 0 to 20% of hollow polymeric particles; b) non-opacifying extender particles comprising calcium magnesium carbonate and/or calcium carbonate and/or nepheline syenite and/or kaolin; c) polymer binder particles of calculated Fox Tg of from 5 to 25° C. having an acid value of from 15 to 65 mg KOH/g of polymer; d) dispersant having weight average molecular weight of at least 3500 Daltons, and wherein the dispersant demand of a mixture of the opacifying pigment particles, other than the hollow polymeric particles, of a) and the extender particles of b) is greater than 0.35 wt %, calculated on the weight of the titanium dioxide and extender particles; e) fugitive coalescing solvent.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a process for preparing the alkoxylated alkylamines and/or alkyl ether amines. The process consists of three stages, and utilizes an alkali catalyst. The alkoxylated alkyl amines and alkoxylated alkyl ether amines prepared by the process possess the peaked distribution and contain less hazardous by-product.

Abstract: This invention details the use of a simple blend of polyvinyl formamide and one or more polyvinyl alcohols as the fixative polymer system in a clear hair gel composition. The interaction of the polymer system and gelling agents provides clarity of less than 20 NTU and other physical properties such as good curl compression, resistance to high humidity and resistance to flaking.

Abstract: Method for applying a pattern onto a substrate, the method including the following steps: applying a layer of a paint comprising magnetically orientable pigments on the substrate; exposing the paint to a magnetic field, whereby the pigments are oriented along field lines of the magnetic field to produce a pattern in the paint layer; and solidifying the paint on the substrate; characterized in that the magnetic field is generated by a magnetic part embedded in the substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reverse froth flotation process for treating a calcium carbonate ore containing silicates. The process comprises the use of two collectors selected from the group consisting of fatty tri-lower-alkyl quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty di-lower-alkyl benzyl quaternary ammonium compounds, fatty lower-alkyl di-benzyl quaternary ammonium compounds, di-fatty di-lower-alkyl quats, di-fatty lower-alkyl benzyl quats, and fatty bis-imidazoline quats. The use of a combination of different quats was found to result in a synergetic performance of the collectors.

Abstract: A process for encapsulating a water insoluble active including forming a solution by polymerizing one or more hydrophobic monomers and one or more water-soluble acid-containing monomers in the presence of water and one or more water-miscible solvents and one or more neutralizing agents, adding the water insoluble active, and removing the one or more water-miscible solvents from the solution.

Abstract: Process of colour calibrating an electronic display screen comprising the steps of displaying at least one trial colour of at least one physical sample having standardized colour on an electronic display screen, visually comparing the colour of the at least one physical sample and the at least one trial colour displayed on the electronic display screen, selecting the trial colour having the best visual match with the at least one physical sample, and using the selected trial colour on the electronic display screen having the best visual match with the at least one physical sample colour to colour calibrate the electronic display screen.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a) an anionic compound having wetting and dispersing properties selected from the group of a1) an alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, a2) a naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensate that may optionally be alkyl substituted and mixtures thereof, and b) a nitrogen-containing surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkylamine alkoxylates, alkylamidoamine alkoxylates, alkanolamides and their alkoxylates, alkylamidopropylamines, betaines, amino acids, or any mixtures thereof, wherein the molar amount of anionic sulfonate and, if any are present, carboxylate groups in the composition is in excess of the molar amount of nitrogen-containing groups. These compositions exhibit synergistic wetting properties as compared to the surface-active components taken alone. Further, the compositions also exhibit an increased rainfastness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an additive as well as a process to improve the adhesion of a mortar to a building substrate, wherein the mortar is mixed with said additive and is applied to a building substrate selected from the group of polystyrene-containing substrates, polyolefin-containing substrates or polyvinyl chloride-containing substrates, the additive containing (i) a plasticizer that is liquid at 50° C. or lower, has a boiling point of 100° C. or higher, and that has a solubility parameter ? 25° C. between 22.5 MPa1/2 and MPa1/2; (ii) optionally, a filler that has a BET surface area of at least 40 m2/g; (iii) optionally, a biopolymer, (iv) optionally, a protective colloid; and (v) optionally, a water-insoluble film-forming (co)polymer based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The invention also covers an additive and a kit of parts suitable for use in the above process.

Abstract: Process for the modification of a polymer or copolymer having the following general structure for one or more of the repeating units: (1) wherein n is an integer, m is an integer in the range 0 to 6, and R is selected from hydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C20 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C7-C20 aralkyl, and C7-C20 alkaryl, which groups may include linear or branched alkyl moieties; the optional one or more substituents being selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, alkoxy, linear or branched alk(en)yl, aryloxy, halogen, carboxylic acid, ester, carboxy, nitrile, and amido groups, which process involves contacting the polymer or copolymer with a cyclic organic peroxide under conditions whereby at least some of said peroxide is decomposed. This process results in a (co)polymer with a high degree of branching but free of gel formation.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a surfactant blend composition of at least one alcohol alkoxylate and at least one alkoxylated quaternary, and its use as an adjuvant for auxin-based pesticides. The pesticidal composition employing the surfactant blend composition of the invention realizes an efficacy that is unexpectedly superior to similar pesticidal compositions which employ only the individual surfactant components. The composition of the present invention is useful as a tank side additive, or as a component in the mention pesticidal formulations.

Abstract: Alcohol compatible, water-soluble copolymer useful as a corrosion inhibitor. The copolymer includes at least one olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, at least one olefinically unsaturated mono- or di-alkyl ester of a di-carboxylic acid monomer, and at least one olefinically unsaturated hydrophilic, non-ionic monomer. The molar ratio of the alkyl ester groups of the mono- or di-alkyl ester of the dicarboxylic acid monomer to the hydrophilic groups of the hydrophilic, non-ionic monomers is from about 0.01:1 to 1000:1, and the molar ratio of the sum of the alkyl ester groups and hydrophilic groups of the hydrophilic, non-ionic monomers to the carboxylic acid groups, is from about 0.001:1 to 100:1. No haze or precipitate occurs in a mixture of the water-soluble copolymer at 4° C. for 15 hrs or more as a 20 weight % aqueous copolymer solution in alcohol at a water-soluble copolymer to methanol weight-ratio of not more than 25 to 100.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process to hydrophobize a mortar which is essentially free of cement, comprising the steps of mixing the mortar with an additive and water and subsequently allowing the mortar to cure, wherein the additive contains a component which is a rosin, a rosin derivative, a mixture of a resin with a rosin, or a mixture of a resin with a rosin derivative, wherein when the softening point of the component is higher than 60° C., the curing step is performed at a temperature that is not lower than the softening point of the component minus 20° C. and when the softening point of the component is 60° C. or lower, the curing step is performed at 40° C. or lower, and wherein the rosin and/or rosin derivative have an acid number of at least 50 mg KOH/g, and when the component is a mixture of a resin with a rosin, or a mixture of a resin with a rosin derivative, the resin at 23° C.

Abstract: A method for removing ink from printed paper comprising: (a) pulping printed paper at least 25 wt % of which is old newsprint at a consistency of at least about 3% to obtain a pulp slurry; (b) treating the pulp slurry with an ink removing system, which system comprises: (i) a combination of lipase and at least one second enzyme chosen from amylase, xylanase or cellulase, and (ii) a non-ionic surfactant, in amounts effective to release ink from said pulp slurry, wherein the lipase is present in an amount of at least about 0.001 wt % based on the dry content of the pulp slurry and the ratio of the at least one second enzyme:lipase is at least about 1.2:1; and (c) separating the released ink from the pulp slurry, wherein the treating step is carried out prior to a deinking flotation stage.

Abstract: An anti-fouling composition which comprises a cured or cross-linked polymer free of perfluoropolyether moieties and a fluid fluorinated alkyl- or alkoxy-containing polymer or oligomer. Preferably, the fluorinated alkyl- or alkoxy-containing polymer or oligomer comprises a repeating unit of the general formula: —{[CFR—(CFR)m—(O)n]p—[CFR—O]q}- wherein n is 0 or 1, m is an integer from 0 to 4, R independently is H, F, Cl, Br, or CF3, and the ratio g/p is 0-10, and the fluorine-free polymer is an organosiloxane-containing polymer comprising a repeating unit of the general structure —[SiR1R2—O]—, wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, or a vinyl group.

Abstract: A film-forming composition includes a blend of polyvinyl alcohol and hydrophobically modified solution polymer or a water soluble polymer including an anionic ethylenically unsaturated monomer wherein the composition has a pH of about 5 or less. Further included are self-supporting materials, such as films, derived from the compositions and formulations including at least one volume-filling formulation surrounded by the self-supporting material.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous formulations comprising alkoxylated castor oils with 15-25 ethyleneoxy units and a vitamin, preferably a fat-soluble vitamin, as well as to the use of such formulations in the process to administer the vitamin to an animal, or to make personal care formulations comprising the vitamin.