Abstract: The invention is drawn to organic compounds of the general formulae L--A--Z or L--A'--L' as defined in the specification. The compounds are readily crystallizable and can be used for their ferromagnetic properties.

Abstract: A sheathed twisted superconductor with a high critical temperature is made from a billet obtained by assembling square cross-section single strands in a square cross-section metal tube. The multistrand obtained by drawing the billet through a roller die is twisted with a particular lay and rolled using rollers the diameter of which is much greater than the twist lay. The sheathed twisted superconductor obtained by this method is intended for variable current applications.

Abstract: A method of managing concurrent accesses by a plurality of users to a memory, for reading or writing data in memory zones of the memory on the basis of an index whose value identifies a memory zone in the memory, includes the steps of: recording the value of the index in a first memory register; summing the contents of the first memory register with an increment value; recording the result of the summing operation in a second memory register; atomically interchanging the index value with the contents of the second memory register; and taking the content of the first memory register as the current value of the index if the contents of the second memory register is identical to the old value of the index, otherwise performing each of the preceding steps again.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a supercapacitor electrode containing a metal oxide and carbon-containing material, the method including the following steps: starting from a salt of said metal dissolved in an aqueous solution of a strong base, the hydroxide of the metal is precipitated in the form of a gel by adding an alcohol; the precipitate of the hydroxide of the metal is washed and dried; active carbon is added to the precipitated hydroxide of the metal to consitute a first mixture; the first mixture is subject to heat treatment in order to transform the hydroxide into an oxide, and a mixture of metal oxide and of active carbon is obtained which constitutes the active material of the electrode; and a binder is added to the active material to form a paste which is put into the form of an electrode.

Abstract: Crystalline compounds with ferromagnetic properties are described which are inclusion compounds comprising metal salts in copolymers in which the repeating unit includes one unit from a first group of aminoaromatic derivatives of 1-naphthylamine and corresponding oxidized forms, connected to one unit from a second group of substituted aminoaromatic compounds selected from substituted amines containing at least two condensed benzene nuclei, substituted polycyclic compounds containing at least one aniline moiety in their structure, and aniline derivatives carrying a substituent connected to the nucleus by an ethynylene or para-phenylene unit, and corresponding oxidized compounds. Methods for the preparation of these compounds are also described.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a magnetic copolymer having a structural unit comprising a first multivalent radical and a second multivalent radical derived from an aminoaromatic compound selected from a substituted amine containing at least two condensed benzene nuclei, a substituted polycyclic compound containing at least one aniline unit in its structure, and an aniline derivative substituted on the ring by an ethynylidene or paraphenylene side chain, these compounds being in their reduced or oxidized forms, said first and said second radical being coupled together by a carbon-nitrogen bond and the nitrogen atoms being separated by a single aromatic ring, characterized in that said first radical is derived from a compound selected from 1-naphthylamine, which may be substituted, in its reduced or oxidized form.

Abstract: A facility for detecting intrusions and suspect users in a computer installation, and a security system incorporating such a facility that makes use of surveillance data relating to the operation of the installation. The facility includes elements for modelling the computer installation, its users, and their respective behavior with the help of a semantic network; elements for comparing the modellized behavior of the system and of its users relative to modellized normal behavior; elements for interpreting observed anomalies in terms of intrusions and of intrusion hypothesis; elements for interpreting observed intrusion hypotheses and intrusions in order to indicate them and enable restraint actions to be prepared. Elements are provided to evaluate the degree of suspicion of users. The elements co-operate with one another for the purpose of providing information.

Abstract: In a method for securing the display on a screen of a workstation of mimic diagrams reflecting the status of a system connected to the workstation, a first counter is maintained in the system and a second counter is maintained in the workstation. The system periodically transmits to the workstation image data defining a mimic diagram reflecting the current status of the system, together with the first counter and a signature. In response, the workstation displays on the screen a mimic diagram based on the image data received and calculates a test value conditioned by the first and second counters, this value providing a basis for detecting a display error.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of charging a carbon-anode lithium storage cell, which method comprises a first step in which a constant current is imposed and during which the voltage across said storage cell is allowed to increase until it reaches a reference value, and then a second step in which said reference voltage is imposed and said current decreases. The method of the invention is characterized in that, at each instant, said reference voltage is equal to the sum of the end-of-charge voltage of the cell plus the product of the current multiplied by the ohmic resistance of the cell.

Abstract: A method of preparing a substrate with a view to depositing a thin layer of a superconductive material thereon, wherein an operation is performed of depositing on the substrate an intermediate material having the property of having a crystal lattice constant that is a function of the percentage of a doping element, the depositing operation being initiated with a concentration of the doping element such that the lattice constant of the intermediate material is equal to or as close as possible to the lattice constant of the substrate, the proportion of the doping element being continuously varied during the depositing operation to a proportion of the doping element such that the lattice constant of the intermediate material is equal to or as close as possible to the lattice constant of the superconductive material.

Abstract: In a method for the manufacture of an encased high critical temperature superconducting wire by the "powder in tube" method, prior to the introduction of a compressed rod of superconducting material into a silver tube, the rod is heat treated so that grains of unwanted phase are reabsorbed. The tube can be drawn more easily, and strands can be produced with a regular geometry and no defects. The wire is constituted by 15 .mu.m to 20 .mu.m thick filaments (30) with a form factor of more than 60.

Abstract: A method of monitoring the fabrication of a superconductive material having a high critical temperature is wherein:the starting material is a mixture of powders of precursors for said material having stoichiometric proportions appropriate for the desired superconductive phase;the said mixture is agglomerated to form a tubular or a cylindrical piece;the agglomerated piece is placed in a controlled-atmosphere oven for synthesizing said superconductive phase;the conductivity of said piece is measured continuously;the temperature at which conductivity begins to decrease is exceeded and then the temperature is returned to a value where conductivity begins to increase; andthe temperature of the oven is permanently adjusted so that said conductivity does not decrease.

Abstract: A method of making a solid magnetic material from Sm.sub.2 Fe.sub.17 N.sub.3-x type intermetallic nitride powder, where 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.1, comprises the following steps:a--the powder is mixed intimately with glass powder having a conversion temperature Tg between 260.degree. C. and 310.degree. C. and a softening temperature Tf less than 400.degree. C., the proportion of glass powder being between 10% and 30% of the total volume;b--the mixture is compressed to obtain a solid;c--the solid obtained is subjected in a neutral gas atmosphere to a heat cycle during which a temperature not less than Tf+5.degree. C. and not more than 420.degree. C. is maintained for at least one hour.

Abstract: A multimedia information system (1) for managing heterogeneous data having various structures and divided between dedicated data managers (2, 3, 4) in which said data is represented by an object-oriented data model comprising a first class describing properties common to all the objects manipulated by the information system characterized in that said object-oriented model further comprises a second class describing properties relative to the use of functions of the data managers and in that said first class includes a property which references at least one instance of said second class.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system for recognizing and managing electrochemical cells connected to an application, the system being characterized by the fact that it comprises an electronic memory associated with the cells, and circuitry for reading from the memory and writing in the memory, the read write circuitry being placed in the application, the electronic memory comprising a non-erasable first portion containing information enabling the cell to be identified, and a second portion which may be modified or erased, and which contains information about the operation and the state of the cell.

Abstract: A superconducting current limiter comprising a bar or tube of high temperature superconducting material of the composite type made up of glass and a high temperature superconducting oxide, the volume fraction of the glass lying in the range 10% to 40%, the bar or tube being selected to comply with the following inequalities:.rho.>10.sup.-4 .OMEGA..multidot.mj.sub.c >10.sup.+5 A/m.sup.2.rho.x.sup.2 <10.sup.11 W/m.sup.3in which inequalities:.rho. designates the resistivity of the material in the normal, i.e. the non-superconducting, state;j.sub.c designates the critical current density;.rho.x.sup.2 designates the power density dissipated in the bar or tube during the transition stage;it being specified that the critical current density is defined as the density which produces an electric field of 10.sup.-4 V/m along the tube or bar and that it is accepted that limitation takes place for a current density equal to five times the critical current density.

Abstract: The invention relates to a circuit for measuring the state of charge of an electrochemical cell that includes a parasitic resistance. The circuit comprises:means for subjecting the electrochemical cell to a reference voltage less than its nominal voltage, so as to cause it to deliver a discharge current;means for measuring the discharge current and providing an indication of the state of charge of the electrochemical cell; andcorrection means for correcting the reference voltage as a function of the discharge current, the correction means providing a corrected reference voltage that compensates for the parasitic resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid cathode lithium cell including an electrolyte and a carbon-based electrode, said cell being characterized by the fact that said electrode is composed of a mixture of a carbon-containing material and of a binder to which an electroactive compound is added, said electroactive compound being more oxidizing than said electrolyte and having a reduction potential that is greater than 3 volts measured relative to a lithium electrode, the proportion of said electroactive compound lying in the range 10% to 80% by weight of said mixture.

Abstract: The present invention concerns an electrode for an electrochemical primary cell, the electrode comprising a first electron conducting compound and a second ion conducting compound which consists of a sulfur-containing polymer with a repeating unit which contains a polyether, and which can contain an ionizable salt, characterized in that the backbone of said polymer contains bonds which render it capable of reversible oxidation and reduction. Preferably, said repeating unit is a polyether of the following type, containing two sulfur-containing ternary amine terminal groups: ##STR1## where R is a polyether selected from polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, and their statistical, alternating, block and graft polyether copolymers.

Abstract: A method of bonding copper to a heat conducting and electrically insulating power electronics substrate made of a non-oxide ceramic selected from AlN, SiC, and BN, the method including the steps of oxidizing the surface of the substrate and then directly bonding copper to the oxidized surface of the substrate, wherein the step of oxidizing the surface of the substrate is performed by irradiating the surface using a laser beam to a thickness in the range 0.1 .mu.m to 3 .mu.m.