Abstract: Liquid under a given temperature and pressure is aseptically tranferred from a first space to a second space by introducing a gas having a condensation temperature which at the given pressure is higher than the temperature of the liquid, into the second space, permitting the gas to contact the liquid in the first space where it is condensed by contact with the liquid, the lowered pressure in the second space inducing liquid from the first space to flow into the second space.

Abstract: A method for producing milk with a lowered bacterial content is provided. Raw milk is divided by centrifugal separation into one fraction consisting of cream and another fraction consisting of skim milk. The skim milk fraction is directed into a microfilter in which part of the fat globules, protein, and bacteria are separated off. From the microfilter there is obtained a permeate which consists of skim milk having a lowered fat, protein and bacterial content, and a retentate having an increased fat, protein and bacterial content. The retentate is subsequently sterilized.

Abstract: An arrangement for measuring the content of crystals in a mixture of liquid and crystals comprises a pipe line (2) and a pump (5), by which a constant flow of the mixture is pumped through the pipe line (2). In this, a unit (6), preferably an electrical resistance wire, is arranged to transmit a constant amount of heat to the flow. There are also temperature sensors (7, 8) before and after the unit (6), arranged to transmit impulses representing the temperature difference to a unit (11), which with the aid of information about the velocity of the flow, the added amount of heat, the specific heat of the liquid and the melting heat of the crystals, calculates the content of crystals in the mixture. The content may be shown on a screen or a corresponding signal may be transmitted to a controlling unit, which influences the formation of crystals in the liquid.

Abstract: A closable bag of flexible material is provided with a separate inlet member (3) with an opening for filling the bag with a substance, for instance liquid, which inlet member is fastened to the bag. A separate member (7) is arranged for closing the filling opening from inside the bag. The closing member (7) for its closing of the filling opening is arranged for releasable sealing engagement with the inlet member (3), thereby enabling a subsequent partial discharge and reclosing of the bag. The separate inlet and closing members (3, 7) are substantially resistant to deformation and have means (6, 12) for engagement by respective elements of an operating equipment (13-16) arranged outside the bag. The operating equipment includes a filling member connectable to the inlet member, and means for sterilizing a space formed between the filling and closing members.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger of falling film type comprising heat exchange plates with area enlarging corrugation forming ridges and valleys extending in the falling film direction, repeated redistribution of the falling film is brought about by having the ridges and the valleys extending continuously within each of a number of zones formed one after the other in the falling direction, whereas the ridges and the valleys with regard to two consecutive zones are laterally displaced in relation to each other such that the ridges and the valleys, respectively, in one zone extend in alignment with the valleys and the ridges, respectively, in a consecutive zone.

Abstract: In a plate evaporator, a tube (8) is removably inserted through aligned openings in the heat exchange plates (3). The interior of the tube (8) communicates with an inlet (4) for evaporation liquid, situated at one side of the plate package, and also communicates with every second plate interspace by way of distribution holes (10) in the tube wall. The tube may contain a piston (15-16) movable to adjust the capacity of the evaporator.

Abstract: A device for changing the number of part streams of a flowing medium comprises a tube (7) with a plurality of holes (11) through the tube wall and a piston (12) displaceable in the tube (7). By means of said piston (12) the interior of the tube can be divided such that a desirable number of holes (11) communicate with a first compartment (13) in the tube intended to be through-flowed by a medium. Through a second compartment (14) in the tube there is extending a piston rod (15) connected with the piston (12). For the change of the number of holes (7) communicating with said first compartment (13), at least one of a determined number of sleeve members (19-21), which are removably applied around the piston rod (15), is arranged to change place on the piston rod between a position within the tube (7) and a position axially outside the tube (7).