Abstract: When saturated with boron trifluoride, certain polyhydric alcohols form adducts which catalyze hydrocarbon alkyl transfer reactions for which boron trifluoride is catalytic. The adduct is recovered from the reaction mixture and recycled, greatly reducing boron and fluoride values in the product and in any effluent. Examples include propylation of toluene in the presence of a recycled adduct of boron trifluoride with mannitol or sorbitol, and the oligomerization of decene by a recycled adduct of boron trifluoride with mannitol or butanediol. Some of the catalysts become viscous on cooling and are thus more easily separated from the reaction products which remain in a separate liquid phase.

Abstract: A common-resonator pre-locked laser is formed by a jet stream dye pumped simultaneously by a CW laser and a pulsed laser. Laser pulses with greater than 100 W peak power in a band width of less than about 54 MHz are produced.

Abstract: A process for regioselective isomerization of organic compounds having a carbon-carbon double bond at a tertiary carbon atom by sulfur dioxide induced allylic rearrangement of a hydrogen atom and/or replacement of a proton in the allylic position by a deuteron. The organic compound is contacted with sulfur dioxide at temperatures between about 0.degree. and 70.degree. C. for a time sufficient to effect such isomerization to a more stable isomer; and if deuteration is to take place D.sub.2 O is provided in the solution.

Abstract: An improved process is described for producing chlorotrifluoroethylene, a useful monomer for making high strength chlorofluoropolymers, comprising passing a mixture of 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, ethylene, hydrogen chloride and elemental oxygen in the vapor phase, at a temperature from about 350.degree. to 525.degree. C., over a catalyst consisting essentially of a mixture of copper chloride and an alkali metal chloride, preferably a eutectic mixture, occluded in a molecular sieve, having an average pore size diameter in the range of about 5 to 11 angstroms.A new catalyst composition is also described, useful in oxyhydrochlorination processes conducted at temperatures above 350.degree. C., consisting essentially of a mixture of copper chloride and an alkali metal chloride, preferably a eutectic mixture, occluded in a molecular sieve, having an average pore size diameter in the range of about 5 to 11 angstroms.

Abstract: Monochlorotetrafluoroethane is useful as a power fluid with particular suitability for large scale Rankine cycle applications based on systems with moderate temperature heat sources. The fluid is utilized in a Rankine cycle application by vaporizing the fluid by passing the same in heat exchange relationship with a heat source and utilizing the kinetic energy of the resulting expanding vapors to perform work. In this manner heat energy is converted to mechanical energy.

Abstract: Ammonia, oxygen e.g., as air, and a ketone react in contact with a gallium oxide catalyst at temperatures such as 50.degree.-500.degree. C., especially such catalyst obtained by heating hydrated gallium nitrate in air at about 350.degree. C. for several hours. The oximes have known utilities, including uses as oxidation inhibitors and as intermediates for production of amides. In particular, when the ketone is cyclohexanone, the cyclohexanone oxime in the reaction product can further be converted to the cyclic amide, caprolactam, e.g. by contacting the product with an aluminosilicate catalyst (treated with boric acid) having average pore diameter of at least 7 angstroms, especially a molecular sieve, suitably downstream in the same direction vessel. Caprolactam is the monomer starting material for nylon 6.

Abstract: 1,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane is useful as a power fluid with particular suitability for moderate scale Rankine cycle applications based on systems with moderate temperature heat sources. The fluid is utilized in a Rankine cycle application by vaporizing the fluid by passing the same in heat exchange relationship with a heat source and utilizing the kinetic energy of the resulting expanding vapors to perform work. In this manner heat energy is converted to mechanical energy. The fluid is particularly advantageous in a dual cycle system consisting of a Rankine power cycle combined with a vapor compression cooling or heating cycle.

Abstract: Hydrogen contamination of chlorine-containing gas, such as the chlorine gas from the electrolytic chlorine/caustic process and especially the tail gas from the chlorine liquefaction operation, is eliminated by reaction of the hydrogen directly in the gas mixture at elevated temperature in the presence of a catalyst, to effect combination of the hydrogen with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride, followed by scrubbing of the hydrogen chloride from the gas.

Abstract: An improved process is described for the homogeneous hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons utilizing anionic Group VIII metal hydride compositions as catalysts which contain phosphorus, arsenic or antimony organoligands. Use of these anionic catalysts allows the process to be conducted under mild conditions of temperature and pressure with high selectivity for the production of partially hydrogenated derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, and eliminates the need for the presence of base or carbon monoxide atmosphere in the process.

Abstract: An improved process is described for producing hydrogen from carbon monoxide and water in which carbon monoxide is contacted under homogeneous conditions with an alkaline aqueous liquid phase containing a soluble rhodium-containing catalyst at a reaction temperature from about 100.degree. to 300.degree. C. and at a reaction pressure from about 1 to 300 atmospheres in the presence of a saturated paraffinic water-soluble alcohol.

Abstract: Improved organic stripping compositions useful in removing polymeric organic substances, such as photoresist, from metal substrates which comprise one or more organic sulfonic acids, one or more organic solvents and, optionally phenol. The inhibitors system includes 5 to 300 ppm by weight of fluoride per weight of composition and between about 0.01 and about 5 weight percent of a nitrile compound such as acetonitrile or malononitrile.

Abstract: Continuous metal strips are formed by forcing molten metal onto the surface of a moving chill body under pressure through a slotted nozzle located in close proximity to the surface of the chill body. Critical selection of nozzle dimensions, velocity of movement of the chill body surface, and gap between nozzle and chill body surface permits production of continuous polycrystalline metal strip at high speeds, and of amorphous metal strips having high isotropic strengths, heretofore unobtainable dimensions, and other isotropic physical properties such as magnetizability.

Abstract: A method for making metallic glass powder is disclosed. A jet of a molten glass forming metal alloy is impinged under an acute angle against the inner surface of a rotating cylindrical chill body, whereon it is atomized into a stream of droplets of molten alloy, which again impinge on the chill surface to be rapidly quenched into metallic glass powder.

Abstract: Iron group-boron base glassy alloys are disclosed which evidence improved ultimate tensile strengths, hardnesses and crystallization temperatures as compared with prior art glassy alloys. The alloys have the formulaM.sub.a M'.sub.6 M".sub.c B.sub.dwhere M is one iron group element (iron, cobalt or nickel), M' is at least one of the two remaining iron group elements, M" is at least one element of vanadium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten, niobium and tantalum, "a" ranges from about 40 to 87 atom percent, "b" ranges from 0 to about 47 atom percent, "c" ranges from 0 to about 20 atom percent and "d" ranges from about 26 to 28 atom percent, with the proviso that "b" and "c" cannot both be zero simultaneously.

Abstract: Liquid phase processable crystalline diacetylene polymers are obtained by the solid state reaction of monomers having the formulaR.sub.1 --C.tbd.C--C.tbd.C--R.sub.2where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of(a) CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.m --(b) HO(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- and(c) R.sub.3 NHOCO(CH.sub.2).sub.p --where "m" is an integer of from 0 to 15, "n" is an integer of from 1 to 15, "p" is an integer of from 1 to 15, and R.sub.3 is a member selected from the group consisting of(i) C.sub.6 H.sub.5 (CH.sub.2).sub.r --(ii) CH.sub.3 (CH.sub.2).sub.r -- and(iii) C.sub.10 H.sub.7 (CH.sub.2).sub.r --where "r" is an integer of from 0 to 11; with the proviso that where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same and are either (b) or (c), neither "n" nor "p" equals 1; and with the further proviso that where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are different and are either (b) or (c), the sum of "n" plus "p" is greater than 2.

Abstract: An improved safety belt retractor comprising a ratchet means, a locking means which is engageable with the ratchet means, and an actuating means which is actuable in response to a predetermined acceleration for engaging the locking means with the ratchet means, wherein the improvement comprises a flexible means for spacing the locking means from the ratchet means and for allowing the locking means to engage the ratchet means upon actuation of the actuating means. The spacing means eliminates the rattling noise caused by the metal-to-metal contact between the locking means and the ratchet means, but the spacing means, being flexible, permits the locking means to engage the ratchet means upon actuation of the actuating means.

Abstract: An improved process for the electrodialysis of aqueous NaCl which operates at high current efficiency and low unit cell voltage drop to produce high strength, high purity Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 and either high purity HCl or CaCl.sub.2 by utilizing cation permselective, anion permselective and bipolar membranes wherein the solutions on both sides of the anion permselective membrane are acidic.

Abstract: As an additive imparting oil and water repellency, durable against laundering and abrasion, to PET fibers: a partially or fully acylated polyol, especially pentaerythritol, glycerol, hydroquinone or ethylene glycol, acylated with a phthalic or terephthalic monoester having a perfluorinated alkyl or alkoxyalkyl C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 radical, especially C.sub.5 to C.sub.10 n-alkyl or (CF.sub.2).sub.n OR.sub.f where R.sub.f is C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 perfluoroalkyl, especially perfluoroisopropyl and (CF.sub.2).sub.n is a straight chain C.sub.2 to C.sub.10 diradical.

Abstract: Poly(ester/carbonates) are produced by adding phosgene to a reaction mixture of bisphenol A and terephthalic acid as ester-forming reactants, at mole ratios in the range between 2.0:0.8 and 2.0:1.3, in which the reaction medium consists essentially of pyridine, the concentration of bisphenol A plus terephthalic acid is in the range between 5 and 50 grams per 100 ml of pyridine; and the phosgene is added under agitation at a rate of at least 0.07 gm-mmole/liter.sec. The process is carried out at temperature in the range between 50.degree. C. and 115.degree. C. and not below the temperature given by the Arrhenius equation:1nU=10-12/0.001987 Twhere U is phosgene feed rate in gram-moles/liter.second and T is absolute temperature of the reaction mixture (degrees Kelvin). Preferred phosgene feed rates are at least 0.13 gram-millimoles/liter.second; and preferred temperatures of the reaction mixture are between 60.degree. C. and 80.degree. C.

Abstract: An amorphous metal alloy which is at least 90% amorphous having enhanced magnetic properties and consisting essentially of a composition having the formula Fe.sub.a B.sub.b Si.sub.c C.sub.d wherein "a", "b", "c" and "d" are atomic percentages ranging from about 80.0 to 82.0, 12.5 to 14.5, 2.5 to 5.0 and 1.5 to 2.5, respectively, with the proviso that the sum of "a", "b", "c" and "d" equals 100.