Abstract: The fluidized bed boiler furnace having two hearths (2, 3) separated by a divider (1) in the bottom portion of the furnace comprises one or more panels (6) of heat exchange tubes each disposed vertically above the divider of the furnace and perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction (A) of said hearths.

Abstract: A gas turbine set, with a cooling air system through which at least one cooling air mass flow flows from a compressor to thermally highly loaded components of the gas turbine set. Pressure increasing ejectors are arranged in a cooling air duct of the cooling air system for increasing the pressure of flowing cooling air. The ejectors are operable with a working fluid. The working fluid mass flow is less than twenty percent of a driven cooling air mass flow.

Abstract: The invention relates to an indirect heating system in which a solid fuel circulates in the form of particles. The inventive system comprises a grinding station, a furnace (7), at least one intermediate silo, a separator, at least one cyclone and, optionally, a gas recirculation fan. The invention is characterised in that a dust extractor (10) captures the finest particles which are subsequently introduced into the furnace (7) by means of at least one specific conduit (52) and burnt by at least one specific burner (71). The aforementioned ultra-fine particles are then stored in a specific silo (10), dosed into a feeding device (61), mixed in well defined proportions with hot air and conveyed to the specific burner (71) through the specific conduit (52).

Abstract: A turbine blade or vane comprises an impingement tube located generally in a radial direction within the blade or vane aerofoil, the impingement tube comprising two parts, extending into the blade or vane from opposite radial ends thereof and locating against a specially formed rib which extends generally chordwise around the leading edge of the aerofoil.

Abstract: A base material (2) with a cooling air hole (1) is disclosed, means being present which prevent particles (5), which are located in the cooling air (4) which flows through the cooling air hole (1) during the operation of the cooling air hole (1), from closing the cooling air hole (1). In this arrangement, the means can consist in the edge of the cooling air hole (1) being uneven or having a ridge (3) or the cooling air hole (1) being star-shaped, ellipsoidal or linear or the cooling air hole (1) being circular and having lateral slots (7).

Abstract: It is disclosed a method of detecting and quantifying subsurface defects (10) in an article (1) made of high strength non magnetisable materials after the use in a high temperature environment. A crack (8) or gap on a surface (7) of the article (1) is brazed and after the brazing operation the crack (8) or any remaining braze defect or subsurface crack (10) is detected and quantified by means of a multifrequency eddy current system.

Abstract: A safety device for an industrial boiler (CHA) including electromechanical relays (REn, RS), which are connected in series in order to form an electromechanical safety chain (CH1), and at least one shunt relay (RTn) which is normally open and mounted in parallel to one of the electromechanical relays (REN). The shunt relay is controlled by an automaton (AP1) so that it is closed during a time delay. The shunt relay (RTn) is provided with a contact that is connected to an electronic circuit (CEn) and said electronic circuit (CEn) opens an electromechanical relay (RS) which is mounted in series in the safety chain when the shunt relay (RTn) is closed for longer than the time delay. Given the arrangement, in the event of an automaton failure, the time delay is ensured by the electronic circuit so that a satisfactory level of safety is guaranteed in relation to the installation.

Abstract: A circulating fluidized bed including a reaction chamber connected by an acceleration duct to a centrifugal separator which separates hot gas particles derived from the chamber. The acceleration duct is arranged partly in the upper part of the chamber.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator for separating particles from gas uses a separator chamber having an upper potion with at least three substantially vertical planar walls with perpendicular inner faces, and a lower portion, for defining in the chamber a vertical gas vortex. The gas vortex has an inlet formed in the vicinity of a first corner between the first and second walls for gas to be dedusted, an outlet for dedusted gas, and an outlet for separated particles. The separator uses an acceleration duct with a first transverse section at the first end of the duct that is distinctly greater than a second cross section at the second end. This second end is connected to the inlet for gas to be dedusted at the first corner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removal of impurities from secondary aluminia fines and alumina and or fluorine containing material comprising. (a) acidification by adding an acid (2,12,32) to the material to be purified (1,11,31); (b) heading the acidified mixture (3,13,35); (c) leaching the mixture in a solution of an acid (6,16,39); (d) separating the solid and liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus for the cleaning of flue gases containing ash and sulfur dioxide produced by burning sulfur-containing coal in the combustion chamber of a circulating fluidized-bed firing system includes a system for delivering a particulate SO2 sorbent into the combustion chamber. A feed system feeds a mixture of the ash, the SO2 sorbent/SO2 reaction product, and unreacted SO2 sorbent from the combustion chamber to a mixing unit. A liquid supply system supplies water or an aqueous sodium-containing solution to the mixing unit, whereby the unreacted SO2 sorbent is converted into a hydration product. A discharge system returns the ash, the reaction product, and the hydration product from the mixing unit into the combustion chamber, where the hydration product is reactivated into an SO2 sorbent at a combustion temperature of 700° to 950° C.

Abstract: It is disclosed a method of protecting a local area of components (1) from the effects of thermochemical or mechanical processes carried out on the surface (6) of the component. A masking material (5) containing at least one filler material is applied to the local area so that the local area is protected by the masking material (5). This is at least partially polymerized on the local area. Subsequently the thermochemical or physical processes on the surface (6) of the component (1) are carried out after which the polymerized masking material (5) is removed from the local area of the component (1).

Abstract: A rotor seal, especially for turbo engines, is described. The sealing elements are folded from a pleated band and are connected to each other even when the rotor seal is in the assembled state. The barrier effect of the inventive rotor seal is thus increased in relation to lamella seals that always require a gap between the individual lamella.

Abstract: In a cooling-air cooler (10) for a gas-turbine plant (29) of a power plant, in which cooling-air cooler (10) first means (13, 14, 15) for spraying water into the cooling-air flow and second means (16, 17, 18) for generating steam are arranged in a pressure vessel (11), through which the cooling air flows, between a cooling-air inlet (12) and a cooling-air outlet (20) in the cooling-air flow, simplified operation is achieved in that a water separator (19) is provided on the cooling-air side in the direction of flow downstream of the first means (13, 14, 15).

Abstract: A system 26 for removing elemental mercury or mercury compounds handles carbonaceous sorbent 28 of a starter batch stored in a silo 30 in an agglomerated state. The sorbent 28 is fed by a feeder 32 to a separation device 34, which comminutes (if necessary) and de-agglomerates the sorbent particles 28 to their primary size distribution. This device 34 may be a particle-particle separator or a jet mill, where compressed air or high-pressure steam is the energy source. The de-agglomerated sorbent 28 of a contact batch created from the starter batch is conveyed by an airsteam for injection at a contact location 66 in a flue gas duct whereat carbonaceous sorbent of the contact batch adsorbs mercury from the flue gas.

Abstract: A two-stage dynamic classifier (30, 30′) for classifying a pulverized feed material (34, 34′, 38) entrained in an air flow (31) includes a vertically extending housing having a lower feed material inlet (18), an upper feed material outlet (24), a processing section (47, 47′) disposed between the feed material inlet and the feed material outlet, and a lower tailings discharge (26). A classifier conditioner (32) is disposed in a lower portion of the processing section and a turbine classifier (42, 44) is disposed in an upper portion of the processing section.

Abstract: A gasifier 10 includes a first chemical process loop 12 having an exothermic oxidizer reactor 14 and an endothermic reducer reactor 16. CaS is oxidized in air in the oxidizer reactor 14 to form hot CaSO4 which is discharged to the reducer reactor 16. Hot CaSO4 and carbonaceous fuel received in the reducer reactor 16 undergo an endothermic reaction utilizing the heat content of the CaSO4, the carbonaceous fuel stripping the oxygen from the CaSO4 to form CaS and a CO rich syngas. The CaS is discharged to the oxidizer reactor 14 and the syngas is discharged to a second chemical process loop 52. The second chemical process loop 52 has a water-gas shift reactor 54 and a calciner 42. The CO of the syngas reacts with gaseous H2O in the shift reactor 54 to produce H2 and CO2. The CO2 is captured by CaO to form hot CaCO3 in an exothermic reaction.

Abstract: In a reheat gas turbine engine for power generation, fuel is burnt with compressed air from a compressor in a first or primary combustor, the combustion products are passed through a high pressure turbine, the exhaust of the high pressure turbine is then burnt together with further fuel in a reheat combustor to consume the excess air, and the exhaust of the second combustor is passed through a lower pressure turbine. Excess air is supplied to the first combustor, thereby enabling so-called “lean burn” combustion for production of low levels of pollutants in the exhaust of the engine. Some turbine components of the turbines, e.g., blades or vanes, are cooled by cooling air supplies tapped off from the compressor.

Abstract: In a method for operating a premix burner a water quantity is introduced into at least one of the burner and the reaction zone of the burner depending on at least one command variable formed from at least one measured value. The method can also be used if a burner is operated dry, i.e., without water injection for nitrogen oxide injection, and the injected water quantity is less than 20% of the fuel quantity. The method can be used advantageously especially if a characteristic value derived from combustion pulsations or material temperatures is used as a command variable. The method enables measured parameters to be kept below a permissible upper limit.

Abstract: A furnace (10) includes a series of lower compartments (18) extending in a vertical arrangement, with at least one of the lower compartments (18) having one or more fuel nozzles (20) which tangentially fires fuel into the combustion chamber at an offset from a diagonal (DD) passing through opposed corners of the combustion chamber. At least one of the lower compartments (18) has one or more air nozzles (22) which tangentially introduces air into the combustion chamber along an offset direction which is offset from the diagonal (DD) to the same side as the fuel firing offset direction. The tangentially fired air and the offset fired fuel create a swirling fireball (RB) in the combustion chamber.