Abstract: A process for the manufacture of aluminous cement from aluminum smelting residue and the novel resulting cement are provided. According to the process, a mixture of predetermined amounts of aluminum smelting residue, limestone, aluminum siliceous clay, and, if necessary, fluorite and manganese ore for the acceleration of oxidation, is prepared and the mixture is finely crushed and then burned at temperatures between 1,300.degree. C and 1,500.degree. C to form a clinker which is then powdered to produce an aluminous cement of excellent quality. The product contains no harmful chemical compositions that tend to become a source of public hazards such as air or water pollution.