Abstract: A lightweight mounting structure combination for small dish antennae is provided. The structure includes an upright mast for supporting the dish antennae. The mast has an upper end for attachment to said dish and a lower end for anchoring to a rigid-type structure. The structure also has a bent strut having a lower end for anchoring to a rigid-type structure and an upper end for attachment to said mast. In addition, a second strut is provided having a lower end for anchoring to a rigid-type structure and an upper end for attachment to said mast. Further included is means for anchoring the respective lower ends of the mast, bent strut and second strut to the rigid-type structure and for attaching the respective upper ends of the bent and second struts to the mast. The means includes a bracket, a threaded bolt having a shank portion for extending through the bracket and respective end, and a nut threaded on said bolt for drawing the bracket and respective end tightly together.

Abstract: Method for improving yield of solid, sodium-poor fluoride material from an aqueous solution having ionic species containing sodium, aluminum and fluorine, including neutralizing the solution incompletely to precipitate aluminum fluoride hydroxide hydrate in preference to sodium-containing compounds such as chiolite or cryolite.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrolytic cell including means for holding a first electrode in position relative to a second electrode to form an inter-electrode zone of specified dimension for containing electrolyte, wherein the first electrode is held essentially free from support by the internal surfaces of the cell, said means for holding including means for supporting the first electrode from the second electrode; and conductive means for electrically connecting one electrode to a separate liquid pad of higher conductivity than the electrolyte.

Abstract: An inert electrode connection is disclosed wherein a layer of inert electrode material is bonded to a layer of conductive material by providing at least one intermediate layer of material therebetween comprising a predetermined ratio of inert material to conductive material. In a preferred embodiment, the connection is formed by placing in a die a layer of powdered inert material, at least one layer of a mixture of powdered inert material and conductive material, and a layer of powdered conductive material. The connection is then formed by pressing the material at 15,000-20,000 psi to form a powder compact and then densifying the powder compact in an inert or reducing atmosphere at a temperature of 1200.degree.-1500.degree. C.

Abstract: Magnesium is produced by a thermal reduction process in a reaction-condensation system having a reaction zone and a condensation zone. According to this process, a reducing agent containing a mixture of ferrosilicon and at least 25 wt. % aluminum skim is contacted or reacted in the reaction zone with a calcium-silicon-aluminum-magnesium oxide slag to produce magnesium vapor. The magnesium vapor is transported from the reaction zone to the condensation zone and condensed therein.

Abstract: A process for producing a refractory material comprising essentially beta'-SiAlON wherein the initial reactants include discrete particles of an SiO.sub.2 source and discrete particles of an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 source.

Abstract: A continuous process is disclosed for the recovery of an aluminum alloy from aluminum scrap containing more than one alloy. The recovery is made in a manner which will conserve energy. The process comprises providing a feedstock containing at least two components therein comprised of different aluminum alloys, the components having at least parts thereof joined to each other. The feedstock is treated to cause the joined components to become detached from each other. One of the detached components is separated from the remainder of the feedstock, melted and thereafter continuously cast without substantially upgrading the composition thereof to provide a cast alloy having a composition substantially the same as that from which the separated component was fabricated. The treating may be accomplished by heating the feedstock to a temperature sufficiently high to render fracture sensitive the component having the lowest incipient melting temperature.

Abstract: Means for making electrical contact with a pair of spot welding electrodes and workpieces engaged by the electrodes. The means includes two rigid insulating blocks for mounting on each electrode of an electrode pair. Each block has a first electrical conductor for physically engaging the electrode upon which it is mounted and a second electrical conductor for physically engaging an exposed surface of the workpiece the electrode will engage in a welding process. The electrical conductors extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the electrodes when the blocks are mounted thereon. In addition, means integral with the blocks and conductors for respectively electrically connecting the conductors to a device for measuring the voltage drop between electrodes and between the exposed surfaces of the workpieces when welding current is applied to the workpieces by the electrodes.

Abstract: A process is disclosed which provides for the removal of sodium oxalate compounds from a Bayer-type process liquor, after prior precipitation of aluminum hydroxide, which comprises: treating the liquor with ethanol in an amount up to 50 vol. % of the liquor to form a first layer comprising the ethanol and at least a portion of the caustic in the liquor, and a second layer comprising the liquor; and filtering at least the liquor layer to recover a sodium oxalate precipitate. Preferably, the liquor is concentrated to provide a caustic concentration of at least 200 and, most preferably, about 250 grams per liter total caustic (measured as sodium carbonate).

Abstract: A method of charging relatively large briquettes of metal scrap to a melting system at a substantially constant feed rate is disclosed. The method comprises providing a pumping bay, a charging and melting bay, and a molten metal furnace from which molten metal is recirculated from the furnace through the pumping bay to the charging and melting bay. The briquettes are transferred onto a first conveyor adapted to store and convey a controlled weight of briquettes to a second conveyor. The briquettes are conveyed from the first conveyor to a second conveyor mounted on load cells which intermittently stops the first conveyor to maintain a controlled weight in the second conveyor. The briquettes are transferred from the second conveyor to a third conveyor where they are aligned and accumulated. The briquettes are then discharged individually at a substantially constant rate into the melting bay.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for the carbothermic reduction of aluminum oxide to form an aluminum alloy including producing silicon carbide by heating a first mix of carbon and silicon oxide in a combustion reactor to an elevated temperature sufficient to produce silicon carbide at an accelerated rate, the heating being provided by an in situ combustion with oxygen gas, and then admixing the silicon carbide with carbon and aluminum oxide to form a second mix and heating the second mix in a second reactor to an elevated metal-forming temperature sufficient to produce aluminum-silicon alloy. The prereduction step includes holding aluminum oxide substantially absent from the combustion reactor. The metal-forming step includes feeding silicon oxide in a preferred ratio with silicon carbide.

Abstract: A recirculating system for ingestion of metal scrap into a molten melting media is disclosed. The system comprises a heating bay containing the molten melting media and a scrap charging bay having upper and lower portions wherein metal scrap is charged into the upper portions of the bay and ingested into the melting media, the scrap charging bay connected to the heating bay to permit molten melting media to be circulated from the heating bay through the scrap charging bay and back to the heating bay. An impeller is positioned in the scrap charging bay for purposes of ingesting the metal scrap into the molten melting media. The impeller has a base member and a top member provided with an opening therein and having an annular flange thereon extending beyond the periphery of the base member substantially transversely to the impeller rotation axis, the impeller having blades positioned between the base member and the top member, the blades extending in a generally radial direction.

Abstract: A rotatable furnace for treatment of metallic scrap is fed metallic scrap comprising at least two metallic components having different incipient melting temperatures. The furnace is heated to a temperature at least equal to the lowest incipient melting temperature of the metallic components but less than the incipient melting temperatures of other components in the scrap while rotating the furnace to agitate the scrap. The combination of heating to the incipient melting temperature and agitating the scrap serves to fragment the metallic component having the lowest incipent melting temperature. The scrap is then removed from the furnace, and the scrap is segregated by particle size. Fines representing dirt and other impurities may also be separated therefrom.

Abstract: An improved method of melting metal scrap in a molten melting media is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of providing a body of molten melting media in a housing having an upper portion and a lower portion, the lower portion having a generally cylindrical wall section. A supply of metal scrap is added to the housing and a supply of molten melting media is introduced to the upper portion of the housing. Melting of the metal scrap is initiated by ingesting it and molten melting media downwardly in the housing by action of an impeller positioned in the lower portion, the impeller having a flat ring member having an opening in the center thereof and having blades extending from said ring member to a substantially circular disc member. The scrap and melting media enters the opening in the ring member in an axial direction and is propelled therefrom in a radial direction by use of the blades.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and method of carbothermic direct reduction for producing an aluminum alloy from a raw material mix including aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, and carbon wherein parallel heat sources are provided by a combustion heat source and by an electrical heat source at essentially the same position in the reactor, e.g., such as at the same horizontal level in the path of a gravity-fed moving bed in a vertical reactor. The present invention includes providing at least 79% of the heat energy required in the process by the electrical heat source.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the production of aluminum reflective material having a higher total reflectance value. The process comprises controlling the anodizing conditions of an aluminum alloy previously subjected to a brightening process by immersing the alloy in a DC anodizing bath containing at least 26 wt. % sulfuric acid and the anodizing sheet at a current density of at least 18 amperes per square foot at a temperature of at least 60.degree. F.

Abstract: A multi-position method is provided for gas metal arc welding thick aluminum alloy plates in a single welding pass on each surface of the plates. A first plate edge is provided with a tongue portion having (1) a land surface abutting a portion of a second plate edge, and (2) two arcuate J-shaped side surfaces, each adjoining the land surface at opposite ends thereof and each adjoining its respective side surface of the first plate at an angle approximating 90.degree.. The J-shaped side surfaces and second plate edge surface cooperate to define a modified double-J welding groove. The plates are welded together in a single pass on each side thereof by first depositing a weld bead in the modified J groove on one side of the plates and then, after this bead has sufficiently solidified, a second weld bead is deposited in a single pass in the modified double-J groove on the other side of the plates.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for continuous analysis of a gas and particulate stream. More particularly, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for continuously analyzing a gas and particulate exhaust stream comprising metal fluorides to determine the fluoride concentration of such stream. A sampling nozzle communicating with a sampling line is placed in a gas and particulate stream. A gas-dissolving solvent is injected into a portion of the stream in the inlet portion of the sampling nozzle forming an aerosol. This portion of the stream and aerosol form a mixture comprising aerosol, gas and particulate which flows through the outlet portion of the sampling nozzle and through the sampling line. The aerosol in the mixture impinges against the inner surface of the sampling line wetting such inner surface with solvent; such mixture is scrubbed in the sampling line to enhance dissolution of gas in the solvent.

Abstract: A damping spacer having substantially all metallic components thereof made from wrought materials is disclosed. The spacer has a stamped wrought metal frame and a plurality of extruded metal conductor clamp arms which are secured to the frame in a manner that dampens conductor vibrations. Each clamp arm extends outwardly from the frame and is secured to the frame by an extruded metal pivot pin which is affixed to the frame. Each pivot pin has a noncircular cross-sectional shank which extends through a noncircular opening provided in each clamp arm. An elastomer damping collar is inserted on each pivot pin shank so as to also extend through the respective clamp arm opening. The internal and external surfaces of each collar are sized and configured to intimately mate with the noncircular cross-sectional shank of the respective pivot pin and noncircular opening of the respective clamp arm. As such, rotational movement between the pins and the arms caused by conductor vibration is effectively dampened.

Abstract: An inert type electrode composition suitable for use in the electrolytic production of metals such as aluminum is disclosed. The aluminum is produced from an aluminum-containing material dissolved in a molten salt. The electrode composition is fabricated from at least two metals or metal compounds combined to provide a combination metal compound containing at least one of the group consisting of oxide, fluoride, nitride, sulfide, carbide or boride, the combination metal compound defined by the formula: ##EQU1## Z is a number in the range of 1.0 to 2.2; K is a number in the range of 2.0 to 4.4; M.sub.i is at least one metal having a valence of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 and is the same metal or metals when M.sub.i is used in the composition; M.sub.j is a metal having a valence of 2, 3 or 4; X.sub.r is at least one of the elements from the group consisting of O, F, N, S, C and B; m, p and n are the number components which comprise M.sub.i, M.sub.j and X.sub.r ; F.sub.M.sbsb.i, F'.sub.M.sbsb.j, F'.sub.M.sbsb.i or F.sub.x.