Abstract: A method of forming a shoe sole having a co-molded anti-skid insert is provided. Raw unvulcanized rubber sheet material for the insert, and raw unvulcanized rubber sheet material for the main portion of the sole are placed in a mold and heated to fuse them together, to vulcanize the rubber, and to produce an anti-skid pattern on the insert. The material of the insert is preferably substantially the same as that of the main portion of the sole, except for its color; however, it has the appearance and texture of a separate insert.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for securing a replaceable inner sole to an open toe/open heel shoe are provided. Flaps are provided at the toe and heel portions of the unit bottom of the shoe. The replaceable inner sole is positioned within slots formed by the flaps. The flaps may extend around the front and rear of the shoe to prevent forward and rearward slippage, and may extend along the sides of the shoe to prevent lateral slippage. The flaps may be tapered to help eliminate irritation of the wearer's foot. A specially contoured last for pressing the sole of a shoe having toe and heel flaps is also provided.