Abstract: Directed to the electrolytic purification of molten magnesium chloride cell feed and to a covered cell design therefor wherein preferably a plurality of bipolar electrodes are employed. A current density of about 0.8 to about 1.5 amperes per square inch D.C. is employed, flow of the electrolyte through the cell proceeds in a non-turbulent manner through flow passages in the electrodes, and the solid impurities deposited electrolytically are removed periodically by mechanical action.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing ammonium metatungstate comprising fluid bed roasting ammonium paratungstate at a temperature over the range of about 275.degree. C. to 305.degree. C. for a time at least sufficient to provide a roasted product in the form of a precursor of ammonium metatungstate, forming an aqueous slurry of the precursor and digesting the precursor at a pH of about 3 to 4 for a time at least sufficient to effect substantially complete dissolution of said precursor, filtering the digested slurry to produce a clear filtrate, and further processing the clear filtrate by evaporation to provide crystals of substantially pure ammonium metatungstate.

Abstract: Foaming in the hydrometallurgical treatment of a tungsten-containing aqueous solution due to the presence of carbonaceous organic material impurities, such as flotation reagents, is substantially inhibited by the addition of effective amounts of powdered activated carbon, the carbon with the adsorbed impurities being thereafter separated from the solution by filtering. The activated carbon also protects the solvent extraction circuit from contamination. The method is particularly applicable to slurries of tungsten oxide concentrates during the high temperature, high pressure leaching thereof with sodium carbonate solutions in an autoclave.

Abstract: A casting alloy is provided containing about 0.02% to 0.05% carbon, about 23% to about 25% chromium, about 8% to 12% nickel, about 5% to 7% molybdenum, about 0.4% to 0.8% manganese, about 0.1% to 0.3% silicon, about 0.1% to 0.4% nitrogen, and the balance essentially iron, the alloy having a duplex austenite-ferrite grain structure, and being resistant to the corrosive effects of acids, chloride solutions and seawater.

Abstract: A process is provided for recovering fluorine from dilute hydrofluoric acid solutions, such as waste scrubber solution obtained in the treatment of phosphates. The dilute solution is used to react with oxidic titanium material to solubilize the contained titanium and subsequently form, in the presence of potassium ions, crystals of K.sub.2 TiF.sub.6 which are commercially useful as a grain-refining agent in the manufacture of aluminum alloys.

Abstract: Selenium is precipitated from solutions containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, magnesium, chromium and cadmium by adding chromous sulfate to the solution to precipitate selenium therefrom.

Abstract: A process is provided for recovering metal values from spent hydrodesulfurization catalyst, the process comprising forming in a pressure reactor an aqueous slurry of finely divided spent catalyst and sodium carbonate, the spent catalyst containing by weight about 2 to 10% Mo, up to about 12% V (e.g., about 2 to 10%), about 0.5 to 4% Co, up to about 10% Ni (e.g., about 0.5 to 5%), occluded oil, coke, sulfide sulfur and the balance essentially alumina. The amount of sodium carbonate employed is at least sufficient under oxidizing conditions to convert molybdenum and any vanadium present to soluble Na.sub.2 MoO.sub.4 and NaVO.sub.3 and to neutralize SO.sub.3 produced during oxidation, the amount of sodium carbonate being at least that required stoichiometrically. The slurry is heated to a temperature of about 200.degree. C. to 350.degree. C. (e.g., 275.degree. C. to 325.degree. C.) and a pressure of about 800 psig to 2500 psig (e.g.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for drying coal, particularly sub-bituminous coal in a packed bed configuration, wherein coal is ventilated by an oxygen-containing gas so that there is a heated zone wherein autogenous drying occurs. In particular, counter current ventilation is used to accomplish preheating, drying and evaporative cooling in three contiguous subzones. The process for drying provides for regulating the movement of coal and the flow of incoming air so as to achieve by exothermic oxidation a temperature not greater than 250.degree. F.

Abstract: A process is provided for recovering molybdenum and tungsten separately from a sulfide cake containing the same along with arsenic as an impurity. The process comprises dissolving essentially all of the tungsten and molybdenum values contained in the cake in a caustic solution containing at least about 5 but not more than about 6 moles of sodium hydroxide per mole of tungsten plus molybdenum contained in the cake, separating insoluble material from the resulting leach solution and then precipitating one metal value from the group consisting of molybdenum and tungsten preferentially from the other.

Abstract: A dual valve plug stem actuator device for plug or globe type valves is disclosed wherein said actuator mechanisms provide respectively coarse and fine independent movement of the valve plug stem. One actuating device controls the movement in the axial direction of the valve plug stem relative to and onto a valve seat port by the rotational movement of the threaded valve plug stem through the internal threads of an internally and externally threaded actuator nut. The other of the actuating devices controls the movement of the valve plug stem relative to and onto a valve seat port through the rotation of the internally and externally threaded valve actuator nut where rotation of the actuator nut causes movement in the axial direction of said actuator nut in relation to the stationary valve body and where the axial displacement of the actuator nut causes the same relative axial rotationless displacement of the valve plug.

Abstract: A method is provided for coating magnesium granules with a fluoride-containing salt comprising contacting the granules with at least one fluoride-containing salt selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metal fluorides and fluoborates and thereby produce a fluoride-containing coating on the surface of the granules. The coating is characterized in that the oxidation of the magnesium granules is greatly inhibited during the use of the granules as an addition agent to a molten metal bath, for example, when used in the desulfurization of steel.

Abstract: A trolley conductor bridging means in an electrically powered trolley vehicle transportation system where said trolleys run by contact with a solid conductor and where said conductors are interrupted to provide a door clearance opening is disclosed wherein said means when closed provides for continuous electrical power and mechanical indistinguishable connection across said interruption and wherein said means is opened and closed automatically by the downward and upward force of the transverse moving door. The downward and upward force of said door is translated to the bridge by a cam follower motion of the door edge with the bridge cams and said door is kept electrically non-conductive by insulation of the bridge cam surfaces.

Abstract: Feed material, such as matte, containing nickel and copper values and sulfur, is leached with an acidic copper sulfate solution to dissolve nickel, cobalt and other metal values and to cement copper from solution. The leach residue is roasted, and a selected quantity of copper is leached from the resulting calcine with sulfuric acid to form a copper sulfate electrolyte. The rest of the calcine is smelted to form copper-nickel anodes which are electrorefined in the copper sulfate electrolyte, thereby producing a cathodic copper deposit and a nickel-enriched, copper sulfate electrolyte which is recycled for leaching additional feed material.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for roasting molybdenite concentrates directly to molybdenum dioxide. The process comprises establishing a roasting zone having a temperature of about 700.degree. C. to about 800.degree. C., introducing into the roasting zone particulate molybdenum dioxide and molybdenite in a weight ratio of at least about 2:1 along with an oxygen-containing gas in amount sufficient to oxidize the sulfur content of the molybdenite to molybdenum dioxide.

Abstract: A process is provided for producing salt-coated spheroidal granules of magnesium by employing a molten flux bath comprised of a salt composition of NaCl, KCl and CaCl.sub.2 maintained at a temperature in excess of the melting point of magnesium to which is added magnesium metal. A magnesium oxide dispersing agent is maintained in said bath in an amount sufficient for dispersing said magnesium. The bath mixture is subjected to high energy stirring sufficient to disperse the magnesium metal throughout the bath as beads. The bath mixture is then rapidly chilled to form a friable mass of the salt composition with spheroidal granules of magnesium dispersed through the salt matrix. The friable mass is then comminuted under conditions to release the magnesium from the salt as salt-coated spheroids which are thereafter recovered.

Abstract: An article of manufacture is provided comprising a heat treated high strength low-alloy steel tubular product of the L-80 and N-80 type suitable for use as an oil well tubular member. The composition consists essentially of about 0.1 to 0.4% C, about 0.075 to 0.4% Mo, about 0.002 to 0.03% N, about 0.75 to 1.5% Mn, about 0.1 to 0.4% Si, and the balance essentially iron, the carbon and molybdenum contents being controlled and correlated such that for a carbon content ranging from about 0.1 to 0.25%, the molybdenum content ranges from about 0.075 to 0.25%; and for a carbon content ranging from about 0.25 to 0.4%, the molybdenum content ranges from about 0.2 to 0.4%.

Abstract: Solid solutions of molybdenum and tungsten having molybdenum to tungsten atom ratios between about 1:1 and about 10:1 are produced by heating a mechanically milled mixture of a molybdenum oxide and tungsten oxide to a temperature between about 1000.degree. C. and about 1300.degree. C. at a rate of at least about 20.degree. C. per minute in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere and holding at temperature to reduce the oxides of molybdenum and tungsten and to provide a homogeneous solid solution of molybdenum and tungsten. The homogeneous solid solution is mixed with a stoichiometric excess of carbon and heated to a temperature between about 1200.degree. C. and about 1800.degree. C. under a protective atmosphere to react the carbon with the alloy powder to form a solid solution of hexagonal monocarbides.

Abstract: A process for stripping tungsten values from a tungsten-bearing acidic liquid organic phase into a basic aqueous ammoniacal stripping solution comprises mixing the organic phase and the stripping solution with a high-shear mixing device to maximize the pH gradient between the organic phase and the aqueous solution whereby growth of any precipitated ammonium paratungstate crystals is minimized and the dissolution thereof is maximized and to strip the tungsten values from the organic phase into the stripping solution.

Abstract: A hydrometallurgical process is provided for the recovery of molybdenum values from a molybdenum disulfide concentrate containing copper. The process comprises forming an aqueous slurry of finely divided molybdenum concentrate of carbonates and hydroxides of alkali metals, and pressure leaching the slurry in the presence of oxygen at an elevated temperature and pressure for a time sufficient to effect conversion of the contained molybdenum values to alkali metal molybdate and provide a residue containing copper oxide or basic copper carbonate from which copper is later recovered. The molybdenum values are recovered from solution by solvent extraction and the solvent thereafter stripped of the molybdenum as ammonium molybdenum using ammonium hydroxide. The molybdenum is recovered as crystals of ammonium molybdate by crystallization, e.g., by evaporating the stripping solution.

Abstract: Copper is melted in a reverberatory furnace having a longitudinally extending hearth, a roof, side and end walls and having a burner system at one end wall thereof for providing at least one flame extending longitudinally through said furnace for heating the hearth thereof, the method also including using at least one oxygen lance extending downwardly from the roof of the furnace with the flame thereof in head-on contact with a unit portion of copper charged to the furnace, the total charge in the furnace comprising a plurality of unit portions disposed along said hearth.