Abstract: A server receives a request from a first computing device to send a communication to a second computing device. The request includes data identifying text selected from an e-book. The server identifies media content, such as an audio book or a movie, that corresponds to the e-book. The server extracts a portion of the media content that corresponds to the text selected from the e-book. The server generates a communication that includes media data that enables access to the portion of the media content and sends the communication to the second computing device.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for recovery and other management functions relating to security credentials which may be centrally managed. Account data, which includes multiple security credentials for multiple network sites for a user, is stored by a service in an encrypted form. A request for the account data is obtained from a client. The request specifies a security credential for accessing the account data. The account data is sent to the client in response to determining that the client corresponds to a preauthorized client and in response to determining that the security credential for accessing the account data is valid.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for logging out from multiple network sites using an authentication client that manages sessions for the network sites. Account data is maintained for multiple accounts of a user for multiple network sites. The account data includes a respective security credential for each of the accounts. An authentication client automatically authenticates with multiple authentication services corresponding to multiple network sites using multiple accounts in response to the user accessing each network site. A respective session is established for each network site. A logout is performed by ending each one of the sessions.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for providing managed security credentials to network sites for authentication. Multiple accounts of a user are maintained for multiple network sites. A secured resource of a network site is to be accessed by a computing device. One of the accounts is identified according to a domain name of the network site. The account is associated with a different network site having a different domain name from the domain name. The computing device is automatically authenticated with the network site using a security credential associated with the account.

Abstract: A system, methods and interfaces are provided for managing items in a networked environment. A set of items, such as publications or other works, can be embodied in tangible media that are mutually exclusive. In response to a selection of an item, a prioritized order of the tangible media corresponding to the selected item is provided. Each tangible media can be further subdivided into a prioritized order of physical attributes of the respective tangible media.

Abstract: Techniques are described for facilitating automated validation of results of performance of tasks. In some situations, task requesters may specify various automated validation criteria for tasks that they submit, and those specified validation criteria may automatically be used to determine whether results of performance of those tasks by task performers are validated. To facilitate such automated validation, predefined types of validation criteria may be provided that a user may select and/or configure. The outcome of automated validation of results may be used in various ways, such as to indicate when results have been validated and/or have not been validated, to determine whether to provide results to a task requester (e.g., if results are not provided unless they have been validated, or if results that fail validation are corrected or replaced with results that pass validation) and/or to compensate task performers for providing the results.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for detecting and responding to attacks on a computer network. One embodiment of such a method describes monitoring data communications transmitted to a target class of first computing nodes; in response to detecting a non-legitimate data communication to a computing node in the target class, determining whether the non-legitimate data communication is a form of attack on a network to which the computing nodes are connected; and in response to determining that the network is under attack, implementing new security measures for second computing nodes that are not part of the target class to protect the second computing nodes against the attack on the network while the attack is ongoing.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein including systems and methods for improving allocation of computing resources in a virtual machine (VM) environment. Embodiments maintain data relating to how VM image data is stored in storage devices and loaded into volatile memory such as random access memory (RAM). The data is then used to identify common content in the volatile memory that can be shared across VM instances. In some embodiments, multiple VM instances can share at least a portion of a single common VM image loaded into a shared volatile memory.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments that are employed to ensure power source redundancy for a computing device. A plurality of power inputs of a computing device are coupled to at least one of a plurality of power sources. A determination is made as to whether at least two identifiers embodied in a corresponding at least two data signals transmitted over at least two power lines are the same. Each of the power lines is coupled to a respective one of the power inputs, and the data signals are transmitted by at least one of the power sources.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for presenting reflow objects of content on an output medium. In some embodiments, the content to be presented may be determined by rendering one or more reflow objects of content to an image file, the image file having a horizontal dimension that approximates the horizontal dimension of the output medium and a vertical dimension that exceeds the vertical dimension of the output medium, and causing a portion of the image file to be presented on the output medium, wherein the portion of the image file presented corresponds to a view window logically superimposed upon the image file. A request for content that is not within the view window may be received, the location of the view window may be adjusted based on the request, and the adjustment may result in changing the portion of the image file presented on the display.

Abstract: Techniques are described for performing automated predictions of program execution capacity or other capacity of computing-related hardware resources that will be used to execute software programs in the future, such as for a group of computing nodes that execute one or more programs for a user. The predictions that are performed may in at least some situations be based on historical data regarding corresponding prior actual usage of execution-related capacity (e.g., for one or more prior years), and may include long-term predictions for particular future time periods that are multiple months or years into the future. In addition, the predictions of the execution-related capacity for particular future time periods may be used in various manners, including to manage execution-related capacity at or before those future time periods, such as to prepare sufficient execution-related capacity to be available at those future time periods.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for predicting a future location of a mobile user. A recent location of a mobile user is received. Past location data for the mobile user is retrieved from storage. A future location of the mobile user is predicted based at least in part on the recent location and on the past location data. The prediction is provided in response to a query or by subscription.

Abstract: A client device may include various sensors that monitor an environment of the client device as well as operations performed by the client device. The sensors may sense data that, when analyzed and compared to past events and patterns, may be used to identify a current user of the client device. In some aspects, the data may be used to determine a context of operation of the client device, which may enable the client device to adapt in real-time or to predict future behavior of a user and then adjust control settings of the client device accordingly.

Abstract: Various systems and methods are described for insertion of optional stops in delivery routes. To this end, a plurality of delivery routes is provided in a computing device, where each delivery route has a plurality of stops. A determination is made in the computing devices as to whether an optional stop can be inserted between a pair of the stops in at least one of the delivery routes without violating a predefined set of criteria. The optional stop is ultimately inserted between a respective pair of stops in a selected one of the delivery routes.

Abstract: Systems and methods for cost-based fulfillment tie breaking are disclosed. In some embodiments, a method may include receiving an indication of an order for an item stocked in a plurality of fulfillment centers, where a difference between a cost of fulfilling the order with one of the plurality of fulfillment centers and a cost of fulfilling the order with another one of the plurality of fulfillment centers is within a specified amount. The method may also include selecting a given one of the plurality of fulfillment centers to fulfill the order based, at least in part, upon expected costs corresponding to inventory positions that would result from fulfilling the order with each of the plurality of fulfillment centers.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer readable medium for managing secure content by CDN service providers are provided. A network storage provider stores one or more resources on behalf of a content provider. A CDN service provider obtains client computing device requests for secure content. Based on processing first signature information, the CDN service provider determines whether the secure content is available to the client computing device. If the CDN service provider does not maintain the requested content, the CDN service provider transmits a request to the network storage provider. Based on second signature information and an identifier associated with the CDN service provider, the network storage provider processes the request based policy information associated with the identifier.

Abstract: Techniques are described for managing distributed execution of programs. In at least some situations, the techniques include decomposing or otherwise separating the execution of a program into multiple distinct execution jobs that may each be executed on a distinct computing node, such as in a parallel manner with each execution job using a distinct subset of input data for the program. In addition, the techniques may include temporarily terminating and later resuming execution of at least some execution jobs, such as by persistently storing an intermediate state of the partial execution of an execution job, and later retrieving and using the stored intermediate state to resume execution of the execution job from the intermediate state. Furthermore, the techniques may be used in conjunction with a distributed program execution service that executes multiple programs on behalf of multiple customers or other users of the service.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for classifying a new item for purposes of estimating import fees associated with shipping the item internationally. In some embodiments, the classification is determined by calculating a similarity score for each of a plurality of previously classified items, each similarity score representing the similarity between a given previously classified item and the new item, identifying a similar item match for the new item, the similar item match corresponding to the previously classified item having the highest similarity score among the plurality of previously classified items, and assigning an item classification code associated with the similar item match to the new item.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for interfaces to manage service marketplaces accessible via direct network peerings. A system may include a plurality of resource collections and a connectivity coordinator. The coordinator implements a programmatic interface defining connectivity operations. A first client may implement a service using one of the resource collections. The coordinator may use the interface to notify a second client that the service implemented by the first client is accessible via a dedicated direct physical link set up on behalf of the second client. In response to a subscription request for the service, the coordinator performs one or more configuration operations to enable a request for the service from the second client to be routed using the second client's dedicated physical link.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for managing requests for computing capacity from a provider of computing resources. The computing resources may include program execution capabilities, data storage or management capabilities, network bandwidth, etc. In some implementations, user requests are probabilistically denied or granted while some computing resources are still available. By denying some requests or granting only some, the rate of computing resource usage can be reduced, thus preserving some capacity for a longer period of time. In one embodiment, the capacity can be provided to clients based on client priority, provided to clients with reserved resources, provided to clients probabilistically, sold on a spot market, or allocated in some other fashion.