Abstract: A method of moving a carbon nanotube which is attached by one end thereof, to a junction on a substrate. The method comprises applying a charge to the carbon nanotube, and providing a repelling force to an adjacent structure from the carbon nanotube to which the charge has been applied.

Abstract: An optical antenna collects, modifies and emits energy at light wavelengths. Linear conductors sized to correspond to the light wavelengths are used. Nonlinear junctions of small dimension are used to rectify an alternating waveform induced upon the conductors by the lightwave electromagnetic energy. The optical antenna and junctions are effective to produce harmonic energy at light wavelengths. The linear conductors may be comprised of carbon nanotubes that are attached to a substrate material, which may then be connected to an electrical port.