Abstract: A superconducting non-linear device comprising a superconducting conductor, a current source associated with the conductor for applying to the conductor a bias current, and a control device associated with the current source for selectably controlling the magnitude of the bias current. The non-linear device according to the invention may be used in a number of circuit configurations, including current limiting, switching, mixing and detecting circuits.

Abstract: A low-noise cryogenic oscillator has a resonant circuit formed of superconducting material for generating a signal at a desired frequency. A linear amplifier and a limiter are electrically connected to the resonant circuit at first, second and third locations. A buffer amplifier is electrically connected to the resonant circuit at a fourth location and applies the signal generated by the resonant circuit to a load. The first, second, third and fourth locations are selected to minimize the impedance from those locations to ground at 1/f frequencies. The resonant circuit, the linear amplifier, the limiter and the buffer amplifier are all maintained at a temperature below the critical temperature of the superconducting material.

Abstract: A coherent optical RF memory has an input circuit for receiving RF input signals having wideband frequency content. An electronically tuned frequency selector selects from the RF input at least one desired RF signal having a desired frequency content for storing in memory. A first transducer responsive to the frequency selector converts the at least one desired RF signal into an optical signal representative of the RF signal. The optical signal is stored in an optical storage device. A second transducer responsive to the optical storage device converts the stored optical signal back to an RF signal, forming a recirculating loop. The desired signal is automatically self-equalized as it recirculates in the loop in order to avoid oscillation while maintaining signal coherency. The desired signal may be used for jamming or deception in electronic warfare (EW) or electronic intelligence (ELINT) systems.

Abstract: A broadband electronic switch has first and second field-effect transistors connected in common-source cascade configuration defining a signal path for a signal to be switched from the drain electrode of the first transistor through the common-source connection to the drain electrode of the second transistor. Each transistor has a conductive state and a non-conductive state. A reverse recovery diode is connected from the source electrode to the drain electrode of each transistor. The switch includes a switch control coupled to the first and second transistors for selectably placing both transistors in the conductive and non-conductive states. The switch control has non-inductive elements for attenuating signal leakage from the signal path into the switch control when the transistors are in the non-conductive state and for minimizing transistor parasitic capacitances during transition from the conductive to non-conductive states to minimize transition time.

Abstract: A method for producing high resolution etched circuit patterns from a metal clad laminate of a conductive species on a nonconductive substrate is provided. The laminate is etched with an etchant solution for the conductive species to form a circuit pattern. The etched laminate is contacted with an oxidizing agent and aqueous acid to remove redeposited conductive species from the exposed substrate adjacent the circuit pattern. The side walls of the resulting circuit pattern are substantially vertical and free of "halo".

Abstract: A traveling wave video detector utilizing microwave integrated circuit techniques provides increased dynamic range, increased rf bandwidth up to 100 Ghz and improved impedance matching at high input power levels. The video detector comprises an artificial transmission line wherein the shunt elements are spaced semiconductor detector diodes which lie in a substantially common plane. In the microwave integrated circuit (MIC) embodiment, the diodes are interconnected by arc shaped wire inductance elements which also lie in a substantially common plane. The particular planar arrangement and location of elements in the present invention provides the desired dynamic range, impedance matching and rf bandwidth.

Abstract: An integrated receiver antenna device comprising a pair of antenna elements providing a spiral antenna for receiving radio frequency signals over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit and providing high sensitivity over the broadband of frequencies. The elements each have first and second ends and provide a pair of interwound conductive windings with their first ends positioned proximate to each other at the center of the antenna for providing sensitivity at the high frequency limit of received radio frequency signal, while the second ends of the elements are displaced from the first ends and positioned at the periphery of the antenna. A detector mixer unit is connected between and positioned proximate to the first ends of the antenna elements for deriving radio frequency signals received by the antenna elements and receiving an input signal for providing an oscillating signal at the detector mixer unit for producing an output signal.

Abstract: A spiral antenna has a plurality of interleaved radiating elements winding outwardly in a spiral pattern about a common axis. The spiral pattern is deformed at outer regions of the antenna to define one or more circumferentially disposed concavities in the body of the antenna. Each concavity is adapted to receive another antenna such as a spiral antenna or horn antenna.

Abstract: Telescoping tubes capable of being extended for use as a mast are extendable or retractable by way of a tape having one end connected to the smallest tube and its other end contained in a spool. A tape guide is provided in the tube having the largest diameter. The tape guide is rectangular in section. A pair of guide rollers are provided adjacent the tape guide. Each guide roller is in rolling contact with a side edge of the tape at a location between the tape guide and means for winding or unwinding the tape.

Abstract: A semiconductor mounting and matching assembly capable of performing over a frequency range to 20 GHz and higher comprising a coaxial transmission line having a first portion with a first end for receiving radio-frequency signals and providing an input impedance and a second portion with a second signal output end providing a termination characteristic impedance. A semiconductor diode which is hermetically sealed within and removable with the second portion is mounted at the second end and has a load resistance terminating the transmission line. The transmission line has a plurality of sections for providing elements of a network which transforms the input impedance and matches the termination characteristic impedance of the second end of the transmission line to the load resistance of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: An electro-mechanical digital feed apparatus is provided with an optical encoder control unit. The control unit comprises a system of photocells and LED light sources, separated by program discs having precisely spaced holes therein. The discs are mounted on rotating shafts which are linked to a shaft of the processing machine, so that the disc shafts rotate at a constant fraction of the rotational speed of the processing machine shaft. As a disc hole passes between an LED and a photocell, the photocell produces a pulse of electrical energy which is amplified to provide input power for an electrical stepping motor. Means are provided for selectively varying the number of pulses generated per revolution of the processing machine shaft. The discs are provided with a plurality of programs in the form of concentric circular bands containing different numbers of holes. Some of the discs are mounted on shafts that run at higher speeds than others and have a uniform zero position where no holes are contained.

Abstract: An integrated antenna-detector device sensitive over a broadband of frequencies with an extended high frequency limit comprising a pair of antenna elements each having first and second ends, the first ends of the elements being positioned proximate to each other while the second ends are displaced from the first ends, a detector unit positioned and connected between the first ends of the antenna elements, and signal output means connected with the antenna elements at a location displaced from their first ends. The signal output means delivers detected output signals from the antenna elements, and also delivers a biasing signal to the detecting unit. The device may take a number of forms including that of a dipole antenna having a linear or conical configuration, and in which a plurality of such dipole elements are arranged to form a log-periodic antenna, and where the pair of antenna elements are arranged to provide a pair of interwound spiral conductive windings to form a spiral antenna.

Abstract: It is known to remove sulfur dioxide from gas streams, particularly waste or flue gases, by contact with aqueous scrubbing solutions containing a metal salt, such as ferric sulfate, in which the valence of the metal is reduced by the sulfur dioxide. It is also known that such scrubbing solutions can be regenerated by oxidizing the reduced metal salt, such as ferrous sulfate, back to the higher valence for further use in removing sulfur dioxide. According to the invention, the regeneration of the scrubbing solution is advantageously effected by electrolytic or anodic oxidation, rather than air oxidation, of the reduced metal salt, since anodic oxidation is not adversely affected by the increase in sulfuric acid content of the scrubbing solution which results from the conversion of the sulfur dioxide absorbed in the scrubbing solution.

Abstract: A testing means for determining susceptibility to radiated energy and leakage of energy from a device having a conductive surface comprising a stripline unit for transmitting radiant energy in the principal transverse electromagnetic mode including a first conductive ground plane element, a second conductive ground plane element spaced from and parallel to the first ground plane element, and a plane center conductor element positioned intermediate and parallel to the first and second ground plane elements. The stripline unit has first and second end sections providing energy coupling means, and an intermediate section between the end sections for transmitting energy therealong. A portion of the first ground plane element of the intermediate section of the stripline unit has an opening for being closed by a conductive surface of a device which is to be tested and which effectively provides a portion of ground plane of the stripline unit.

Abstract: In a "first" scrubbing operation, the sulfur dioxide containing flue gas is scrubbed with an aqueous solution containing ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate. The ferric sulfate oxidizes the sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid, which dissolves in the solution, and is reduced to ferrous sulfate. In a subsequent "second" scrubbing operation, the solution, now containing ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and sulfuric acid, is scrubbed with air. This regenerates, or re-oxidizes the ferrous sulfate to ferric sulfate. The presence of aluminum sulfate accelerates the rate of regeneration. The regenerated solution is then returned to its function in a "first" scrubbing operation, and the indicated cycle of "first" and "second" scrubbing operations are repeated.

Abstract: In a "first" scrubbing operation, the sulfur dioxide containing flue gas is scrubbed with an aqueous solution containing ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate. The ferric sulfate oxidizes the sulfur dioxide to sulfuric acid, which dissolves in the solution, and is reduced to ferrous sulfate. In a subsequent "second" scrubbing operation, the solution, now containing ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and sulfuric acid, is scrubbed with air. This regenerates, or re-oxidizes the ferrous sulfate to ferric sulfate. The presence of aluminum sulfate accelerates the rate of regeneration. The regenerated solution is then returned to its function in a "first" scrubbing operation, and the indicated cycle of "first" and "second" scrubbing operations are repeated.

Abstract: The sulfur dioxide containing flue gases are passed through a gas scrubber containing an aqueous solution of a metal salt which can be reduced by sulfur dioxide from a high valence state to a lower valence state. This oxidizes the sulfur dioxide to either sulfur trioxide or sulfuric acid which dissolves in the solution. The sulfur compound containing solution is removed from the first gas scrubber and placed in a regeneration gas scrubber through which air is passed. The oxygen in the air oxidizes the reduced metal salt and thereby regenerates the solution to its original composition. The regenerated solution is then recycled to the first gas scrubber where further removal of sulfur dioxide from the flue gas occurs.

Abstract: A signal processing means and method of adaptively filtering input signals received at a terminal means in which the input signals include pulse signals and noise, with the pulse signals occurring at unknown times and having unknown durations, which includes signal filtering means having a first input for receiving signals derived from the terminal means, a second input and an output, the signal filtering means having a controllable filter characteristic for passing signals from its first input to its output responsive to signals received at its second input, and a signal analyzing means having an input receiving signals derived from said terminal means and an output delivering signals which are responsive to signals received at its input, to the second input of said signal filtering means for controlling its filter characteristic, whereby the output of the signal filtering means delivers signals corresponding to the pulse signals of the input signals to said terminal means while minimizing delivery of noise

Abstract: A broad-band antenna device comprising a variable aperture element which radiates or receives signals in the high frequency portion of the band and a pair of fixed aperture elements which radiate or receive signals in the low frequency portion, the variable aperture element comprising a planar spiral antenna element with a double winding which is electrically coupled to the fixed aperture elements comprising a pair of oppositely positioned center fed slot antenna elements.

Abstract: The inductor coil includes two helical wire coil sections, one within the other. The coil sections are integral at one end of the coil and have terminals at the other end extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coil. The coil is wound from a single length of wire on an apparatus which permits winding of one of the coil section around the other section.