Abstract: An interpenetrating radiation shield is presented. The shield comprises an active shield and at least one passive shield. The active shield generates a directional active shield field. The passive shield has an areal density ranging from about 1 g/cm2 to about 1000 g/cm2 and is positioned within the active shield field in a relationship to the active shield wherein a radiation particle having kinetic energy and traversing a path at a rate of speed is deflected by the active shield field as the radiation particle enters the passive shield. The path of the radiation particle is lengthened within the passive shield and the kinetic energy and speed of the radiation particle are decreased within the passive shield.

Abstract: Novel uses of compositions of silanol and trifunctional silanes include their application and cure to form erosion-resistant silicone coatings on fluid-handling parts. Methods of application, maintenance, and repair of these coatings are also described.

Abstract: Novel uses of compositions of silanol and trifunctional silanes include their application and cure to form erosion-resistant silicone coatings on fluid-handling parts. Methods of application, maintenance, and repair of these coatings are also described.

Abstract: Novel erosion-resistant silicone coatings can include an acetoxylated silane, an alkoxylated silane, and a silanol fluid. These erosion-resistant silicone coatings can be formed from coating compositions. The preparation of coating compositions, application of coating compositions to substrates, and uses of these coatings are also described.

Abstract: Erosion resistant coating compositions comprising a poly(Bisphenol A-co-epichlorohydrin) glycidyl end-capped component, an active hydrogen compound, a linear siloxane and a silsesquioxane. Protective coatings formed from such a composition impart particle-erosion resistance to parts having such a coating disposed on some portion of their surface.

Abstract: A Bragg grating sensor for measuring distributed strain and temperature at the same time comprises an optical fiber having a single mode operating wavelength region and below a cutoff wavelength of the fiber having a multimode operating wavelength region. A saturated, higher order Bragg grating having first and second order Bragg conditions is fabricated in the optical fiber. The first order of Bragg resonance wavelength of the Bragg grating is within the single mode operating wavelength region of the optical fiber and the second order of Bragg resonance wavelength is below the cutoff wavelength of the fiber within the multimode operating wavelength region. The reflectivities of the saturated Bragg grating at the first and second order Bragg conditions are less than two orders of magnitude of one another.

Abstract: A process for forming a coated article having a wear resistant coating that minimizes the generation and effects of wear debris is provided. Three independent mechanisms are operative: hard crystalline debris are avoided by specifying that all coating phases harder than 1000 VHN be amorphous, large wear debris from the coating are avoided by including finely dispersed porosity in the coating, and debris in the wear area is removed by a textured surface on some portion of the coating. The process for applying the coating need not use materials that are extremely hazardous to man and the environment.

Abstract: The invention is a new and novel flow rate measuring appartus comprising constant voltage or constant power anemometers with unique electronic circuits for maintaining constant voltage or constant power to a hot film or hot wire sensor. The constant power or constant voltage mode of operation is achieved by providing an operational amplifier with a negative feedback circuit driving the hot element sensor. The hot element sensor is located along the negative feedback path of the circuit between a first and second impedance. Amplifying and filtering circuits are also provided.