Abstract: A communications device and method for effectively managing bandwidth within a telecommunications network carrying both time division multiplexed signals as well as data signals. The communications device having dialable TDM/cell and/or packet-based bandwidth management capability so that a network operator can select to manage bandwidth for any particular signal on in STS, VT, or cell or packet basis.

Abstract: A VCO system for equalizing a positive frequency deviation and a negative frequency deviation by using two varactors is described. The VCO system includes an active circuit and an oscillating circuit. The active circuit includes a first input, a second input coupled to ground and an output. The oscillating circuit is coupled to the output of the active circuit, including: a first varactor controlled by a first variable voltage; a second varactor controlled by a second variable voltage, connected in parallel to the first varactor; and an inductor connected in parallel to the first varactor and to the second varactor. An output signal of the oscillating circuit is fed back to the first input of the active circuit. The output signal of the oscillating circuit has a variable frequency in response to first and second variable voltages of the first and second varactors, respectively.

Abstract: In an optical regenerator for use in an optical transmission system, an optical input signal to the regenerator comprising N wavelength division multiplexed channel signals is received in a signal synchronizing arrangement which synchronizes the phase of all of the N channels, where N·2. An optical output signal from the signal synchronizing arrangement has N phase-synchronized wavelength division multiplexed channels and is provided as an optical input signal to a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM) arrangement. The NOLM has a high nonlinearity fiber loop that propagates equal parts of the optical input signal from the signal synchronizing arrangement in both a clockwise (CW) and a counterclockwise (CCW) direction. An optical clock signal from a laser having a phase that matches the phase of the CW and CCW propagating signals is multiplexed with the CW signal to provide a 180 degree phase shift between the CW and CCW propagating signals while propagating in the optical fiber loop.

Abstract: The present invention provides a satellite broadcast receiving and distribution system that will permit for the transmission of vertical and horizontal or left-hand circular and right-hand circular polarization signals simultaneously via a single coaxial cable. The system of the present invention will accommodate two different polarity commands from two or more different sources at the same time. This satellite broadcast receiving and distribution system of the present invention will provide for the signals received from the satellite to be converted to standard frequencies so as to permit for signals to travel via existing wiring which the present day amplifiers can transport in buildings, high-rises, hospitals, and the like so that satellite broadcasting can be viewed by numerous individuals by way of a single satellite antenna.

Abstract: Port cards in an ATM switch store parameters for virtual channel connections (VCCs) and virtual path connections (VPCs) in separate areas of a virtual connection parameter table (VCPT), the areas being defined by a VCC pointer and a VPC pointer. Also, a number of “free lists” are used to identify unused single locations (for VPCs) or chunks of locations (for sets of VCCs) that are available for re-allocation. Different free lists are used for different-sized sets of VCCs, i.e., sets configured to use different maximum numbers of VCI bits. When a new VPC is created, a VCPT location identified by an entry in the VPC free list is allocated, if such an entry exists. Otherwise a VCPT location is allocated by advancing the VPC pointer. De-allocation of a VPC entry proceeds in reverse order, i.e., the VPC area is shrunk by backing up the VPC pointer if possible, and if not the de-allocated entry is placed on the VPC free list.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus uses a plurality of image forming units that are arranged rotatable in a vertical plane such that the image forming units are shifted sequentially to an image forming position. Each image forming unit has a translucent toner detection window on its outer periphery for detecting the remaining amount of toner in a toner hopper. The image forming units will have a replacing position in which it will face an opening for allowing replacement of the image forming unit. The translucent detection window will face the opening when the image forming unit is in the replacing position.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus uses a plurality of image forming units which are rotatable arranged in a vertical plane. The image forming units are divided into a photosensitive member unit for supporting a photosensitive member and a developing unit for supporting a developing roller and wherein the units are rockably supported about a rocking center axis. A point of application of a drive force for transmitting a drive force to the developing roller is located substantially on the rocking center axis.

Abstract: A dipole antenna for use with a mobile subscriber unit in a wireless communications system. The antenna is fabricated with printed circuit board (PCB) photo-etching techniques for precise control of the printed structure to mass produce antenna elements with repeatable features. The antenna includes a planar substrate made of dielectric material. A conductive planar element layered on one side of the substrate, and a conductive planar ground patch is located on the other side of the substrate. The conductive planar element is located in an upper region of the substrate, while the location of the planar ground patch is offset from the conductive planar element in a lower region of the substrate. A feed strip is connected to the conductive planar element, extends from the element to a bottom edge of the substrate, and terminates at a bottom feed point. The conductive planar ground patch includes two portions.

Abstract: A method and system for improving word classification performance of a speech recognition system having a predefined vocabulary of acceptable words and allowing multiple speech attempts from a user. At least one best word and corresponding word and non-word scores is determined for each speech attempt by the user. At least one common best word is then determined among all the speech attempts. If the highest ranking best word is common across all attempts, that word is used to accept the speech input. Otherwise, an objective measure representing a confidence level of the corresponding word and non-word scores is determined for each of the common best words for each speech attempt by the user. Each of the objective measures is then compared to a predetermined threshold. The speech attempts by the user is then classified based on the comparison of the objective measure to the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method for transmitting facsimile documents from a facsimile store-and-forward service computer (50) to a networked computer system (20). The networked computer system includes a central server computer (22) and one or more computers (34) coupled to the central server computer. According to a first embodiment of the present invention, the central server computer is programmed to determine whether the facsimile store-and-forward service computer has received a facsimile document for a particular user of the networked computer system. If so, the central server causes the facsimile store-and-forward service computer to transmit the facsimile documents to the central server computer. Upon receipt, the central server computer opens a file that is associated with the particular user and stores the facsimile document in the file.

Abstract: A communications system including an over-voltage and over-current surge protection circuit is provided that passes high frequency signals between transmitting and receiving devices with low attenuation. The protection circuit includes a current limiter and over-voltage protection device. The over-voltage protection device includes a diode device comprising a set of anti-parallel diodes, which is connected in series with a shunt device. The over-voltage protection device is coupled between a signal transmission line and ground. The current limiter is coupled between the transmitting and receiving devices.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for wireless communication. A base unit and a mobile unit are provided which are operable to communicate over an air interface having a plurality of channels. The method and system further include transmitting from the mobile unit a message on a selected channel for a first predetermined time. The channels are scanned at the base unit. Also, the message is detected at the base unit on the selected channel and the selected channel is used as an initial channel for a wireless communication link between the mobile unit and the base unit.

Abstract: This invention discloses a machine for automatically attaching an optical filter to a lens. The machine includes lens table for supporting the lens. The machine further includes an attachment-medium dispenser system for dispensing a plurality of gapped-dots of an attachment-medium on a top surface of the lens along a peripheral line substantially according to a bottom-surface shape of the filter. The machine further includes a surface-mounting system for mounting the optical filter onto the top surface of the lens for stamping the gapped-dots into a continuous peripheral attachment-seal for attaching the filter to the lens and for sealing a peripheral interface-edge between the filter and the lens.

Abstract: Methods and systems for increasing the potential capacity of point to point communication between two sites within line of sight of each other are disclosed. Two antennas at each of the two sites are configured geometrically to approximately provide a desired value for a function of signal electrical phase differences so as to allow differentiation of transmitted signals. Capacity is thereby increased compared to a system with one antenna at each site.

Abstract: A method for encapsulating and decapsulating information into a data packet being transmitted through a plurality of switches. The method has the steps of receiving a data packet in a first switch for transmission to a second switch and encapsulating information into a field of said data packet so that the information, when encapsulated into the data packet, does not increase the size of the data packet. The method also has the steps of transmitting the data packet having the information encapsulated in the data packet to the second switch and receiving the data packet having the information encapsulated in the data packet in the second switch. The final step is the step of decapsulating the information encapsulated in the data packet.

Abstract: A pallet for supporting media such as papers is disposed on a parallel motion mechanism. As the media is loaded, the pallet is shifted from an initial site toward a predetermined site in parallel, and therefore the media supported by the pallet is sequentially scrubbed and transmitted to a printing device by a scrubbing device.

Abstract: A monolithically integrated VCSEL and photodetector, and a method of manufacturing the same, are disclosed for applications where the VCSEL and photodetector require separate operation such as duplex serial data communications applications. A first embodiment integrates a VCSEL with an MSM photodetector on a semi-insulating substrate. A second embodiment builds layers of a p-i-n photodiode on top of layers forming a VCSEL using a standard VCSEL process. The p-i-n layers are etched away in areas where VCSELs are to be formed and left where photodetectors are to be formed. The VCSELs underlying the photodetectors are inoperable, and serve to recirculate photons which are not initially absorbed back into the photodetector. The transmit and receive pairs are packaged into a single package for interface to multifiber ferrules. The distance between the devices is precisely defined photolithographically, thereby making alignment easier.

Abstract: A communication scheme capable of guaranteeing the order of packets in the communication media exchange during the communication so as to be able to continue the communication smoothly even after the communication media exchange is disclosed. The source host transmits a first check packet through the first communication path and stops transmission of user data packets upon transmitting the first check packet, while the destination host transmits the first check packet through the second communication path upon receiving the first check packet through the first communication path while transmitting a second check packet through the first communication path, and stops transmission of user data packets upon transmitting the second check packet.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) system with both uniform and non-uniform sampling rates. The system includes a digital portion in which samples of a set of “N” digital samples are obtained from a digital input stream. Each set of samples is evaluated with various test decimations which may include various combinations of uniform and non-uniform timing intervals between the selected members of each decimation. Each test decimation includes substantially the same number “M” of digital samples where “M” is less than the number of samples “N” in each sample set. Each test decimation is digitally evaluated to determine which is the optimum test decimation. The optimum test decimation exhibits the best fit with the original set of “N” samples using a reduced set of “M” digital samples.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to communications circuits and method that utilize associative memories for providing telephony switching of data between different time slots in one or more time division multiplexed (TDM) serial data lines or streams. The communications circuit may include a first content-addressable memory block and a second content-addressable memory block each of which receive the same address for independently generating tags for accessing a data memory to provide data to or receive data from TDM data lines.