Abstract: A graphic artwork includes a thin film coating layer thereon which includes a copper oxide which is substantially opaque to ultraviolet light and partially transmissive to visible light and suitable for printing circuiting on a printed circuit board or for other graphic artwork. In the case where the thin film compound includes unoxidized copper, etching thereof to achieve a predetermined pattern on the graphic artwork is facilitated by using a mixture of ammonium chloride and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: An article having a transparent conductive coating having predetermined interference reflectance and transmission properties substantially independent of its conductivity, comprising:(a) a substrate having a refractive index n.sub.0 and(b) a coating disposed over at least a portion of the substrate and consisting of:(i) at least one transparent dielectric layer having a refractive index n.sub.1 different from n.sub.0 ; and(ii) at least one transparent conductive layer having a refractive index substantially equal to n.sub.1, at least one of which has a thickness sufficient to provide a desired conductivity;the coating having a thickness such that it has predetermined interference reflectance and transmission properties substantially independent of its conductivity.

Abstract: A stable high resistant transparent coating is formed by choosing an undoped wide band gap semiconducting oxide, and by forming a film from elements constituting the undoped oxide and from a dopant which is chosen so as to form a doped wide band gap semiconducting oxide, the doped oxide having an electrical resistance greater than the undoped oxide, the electrical resistance of the doped oxide being such that it equals an optimum value when the coating composition is inherently stable.

Abstract: A graphic artwork includes a thin film coating layer thereon which includes a copper oxide which is substantially opaque to ultraviolet light and partially transmissive to visible light and suitable for printing circuiting on a printed circuit board or for other graphic artwork. In the case where the thin film compound inlcudes unoxidized copper, etching thereof to achieve a predetermined pattern on the graphic artwork is facilitated by using a mixture of ammonium chloride and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: The adherablility of a thin coating of a metal or semiconductor oxide, such as indium tin oxide or silicon dioxide, is improved by treating the coating with an aqueous solution containing an effective amount of an active oxygen compound such as sodium hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Bonding between a metallic conductor and a substrate is improved by using a primer layer having a graded composition which continuously varies from a composition predominant in a metal which bonds well to the substrate at the substrate-primer layer interface to a composition predominant in the metal of the conductor at the conductor-primer layer interface. Specifically, the bonding characteristics of copper to polyimide substrate are improved by using a chromium-copper graded composition primer layer which is chromium-rich at the substrate-primer layer interface and copper-rich at the conductor-primer layer interface.

Abstract: Polymers of low surface energy, particularly fluoropolymers, may be surface treated by deposition of thin layer of carbon, particularly by magnetron sputtering. Such surface treating improved bondability and printability.

Abstract: A graphic artwork includes a thin film coating layer thereon which includes a copper oxide which is substantially opaque to ultraviolet light and partially transmissive to visible light and suitable for printing circuiting on a printed circuit board or for other graphic artwork. In the case where the thin film compound includes unoxidized copper, etching thereof to achieve a predetermined pattern on the graphic artwork is facilitated by using a mixture of ammonium chloride and hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: Polymers of low surface energy, particularly fluoropolymers, may be surface treated by deposition of thin layer of carbon, particularly by magnetron sputtering. Such surface treating improves bondability and printability.

Abstract: A panel for a liquid crystal or other visual display is formed by depositing onto a transparent backing a transparent conductive material, such as indium-tin oxide, and then a metal such as nickel that will serve as a bus to power the transparent conductive material. The nickel is first etched to a bus configuration, and then the indium-tin oxide is etched to produce one or more picture elements.

Abstract: Polymers of low surface energy, particularly fluoropolymers, may be surface treated by deposition of thin layer of carbon, particularly by magnetron sputtering. Such surface treating improves bondability and printability.