Abstract: A horizontal type of open-reel magnetic tape drive unit automatically clamps a tape reel in a drive section after the reel is inserted, then separates the free end of the tape from the reel, and guides the free end of the tape along a tape transport path to be wound onto a take-up hub, and also having a tape beginning and end detection device along the path, with these separation and guidance operations being performed by a small number of high pressure air jets. Pressure sealing of the unit is unnecessary, and the overall configuration is simple and easily manufactured.

Abstract: A horizontal type of open-reel magnetic tape drive unit automatically clamps a tape reel in a drive section after the reel is inserted, then seperates the free end of the tape from the reel, and guides the free end of the tape along a tape transport path to be wound onto a take-up hub, with these separation and guidance operations being performed by a small number of high pressure air jets. Pressure sealing of the unit is unnecessary, and the overall configuration is simple and easily manufactured.

Abstract: A horizontal type of open-reel magnetic tape drive unit automatically clamps a tape reel in a drive section after the reel is inserted, then separates the free end of the tape from the reel, and guides the free end of the tape along a tape transport path to be wound onto a take-up hub, with these separation and guidance operations being performed by a small number of high pressure air jets. Pressure sealing of the unit is unnecessary, and the overall configuration is simple and easily manufactured.

Abstract: An optical directional coupling apparatus includes an optical directional coupling device for permitting light of a predetermined polarization direction to be emitted from a second port when it is received at a first port of the coupling device, and for permitting only a light component of a polarization direction at a given angle with respect to the first polarization direction to be emitted from a third port when light is received at the second port. A polarization maintaining single mode fiber, is coupled at one end to the second port and has a main axis set at a predetermined angle with respect to the first polarization direction, wherein an optical fiber to be measured is connected at one end to the other end of said polarization maintaining single mode fiber.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a thickness of an object transparent to light utilizing an interferometric method includes a light source for generating a coherent light beam to which an object to be measured is transparent, an illumination unit for radiating onto the object the incident light beam as scanned over a range of angle of incidence varying from a predetermined angle of incidence .theta..sub.A to another predetermined angle of incidence .theta..sub.B, and a photosensor unit for detecting light intensity changes resulting from changing of the optical path difference between two light beams reflected by the upper and lower surfaces of the object. A count circuit receives an output signal from the photosensor unit and counts the difference between an order of interference fringes obtained for one scan of incident light beam having the predetermined angle of incidence .theta..sub.A to that having the other predetermined angle of incidence .theta..sub.

Abstract: In a signal generator based on Direct Frequency Synthesis, a first reference frequency generator generates a signal of a reference frequency. A plurality of second reference frequency generators, respectively, generates K signals with different frequencies Asin(.omega..sub.1 t+.psi.), Asin(.omega..sub.2 t+.psi.) . . . Asin(.omega..sub.K t+.psi.), which are in phase at time point (t=0), in response to the output signal of the first reference frequency generator. A switching circuit selectively switches the output signals from the plurality of said second reference frequency generators. A timing pulse generator generates timing pulses to operate said switching circuit at time T as given by .vertline..omega..sub.i+1 T-.omega..sub.i T.vertline.=2l.pi. (l:integer) where i=1, 2 . . . K-1.

Abstract: A horizontal type of open-reel magnetic tape drive unit automatically clamps a tape reel in a drive section after the reel is inserted, then separates the free end of the tape from the reel, and guides the free end of the tape along a tape transport path to be wound onto a take-up hub, with these separation and guidance operations being performed by a small number of high pressure air jets. Pressure sealing of the unit is unnecessary, and the overall configuration is simple and easily manufactured.

Abstract: A driving circuit for rotating the grating of a monochromator thereby changing the wavelength of light which is emitted from the monochromator. This driving circuit includes an operating panel for supplying wavelength data, a data converting circuit which obtains a trigonometric function value corresponding to the wavelength data when the data converting circuit receives the wavelength data, and which converts the wavelength data to angle data on the basis of the trigonometric function value, and a motor driver for rotating the grating into the angular position corresponding to the angle data.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying and separating articles includes a pair of parallel endless belts made of an elastic material, a plurality of carrying rods bridging the two belts in the transversal direction and carriers each engaged with adjacent carrying rods and capable of sliding relative thereto in transversal directions. Articles are put on the carriers and are separated with displacement of the carriers in transversal directions. The belt has a core buried in it and incapable of elongation or contraction in the length direction. The pair of belts have carrying rod mounting pins projecting from their opposed edges. These pins are coincident with the center of the cores. They each have an engaged portion and an embedded portion, the engaged portion being engaged in an end of a carrying rod, the embedded portion being embedded in a belt.

Abstract: A measured signal is supplied to an indication section through a high-frequency amplifier, a frequency converter, and an intermediate frequency amplifier. A predetermined local oscillation signal from a local oscillator is supplied to the frequency converter. A reference signal generator generates harmonic pulses having a uniform level at a spectral interval substantially equal to or larger than the predetermined passband of the intermediate frequency amplifier, the uniform level being used to calibrate a level of the signal to be measured. A frequency setting section sets the frequency of the measured signal. A first switching section switches an input to the high-frequency amplifier to an output side of the reference signal generator in accordance with the frequency set by the frequency setting section.

Abstract: A position determining mechanism for a magnetic head utilizes a plurality of steps of varying thickness formed on a rotatable disk to set the position of a magnetic head, e.g. in relation to tracks of a magnetic tape. Steps of the disk are selectively positioned between a member attached to the magnetic head and a fixed position reference surface, with the disk being normally held pressed between the magnetic head mounting member and the reference surface by a spring and being made free to rotate when the magnetic head mounting member is pulled apart from the position reference surface by a solenoid, to enable the disk to be rotated to select a step of different thickness for determining a different position of the magnetic head.

Abstract: A spectrum analyzer having an automatic tuning capability for positioning the peak level of a frequency spectrum at a predetermined position on a display device, e.g. a CRT display, with the displayed peak level being set to a predetermined level on the display device and the frequency thereof being set as the center frequency of the display.

Abstract: A circuit for controlling the rotation angle of a motor by comparing an output signal from angle setting means with the detection result from a potentiometer means which detects the rotation angle of the motor while the motor is driven in response to the output signal from the angle setting means which has: a first potentiometer for detecting the rotation angle of the motor; a second potentiometer for detecting another rotation angle at a phase different from that of the first potentiometer; an interval selecting means for selecting one of a plurality of interval signals in response to the output signal from the angle setting means; a potentiometer selecting means for selecting one of the output signals from the first and second potentiometers in response to the output signal from the interval selecting means; a compensating signal generating means for generating an offset compensating signal for compensating for an offset between a selected signal from the potentiometer selecting means and the output signal

Abstract: A phase detector is disclosed in which means are provided for sensing when two AC signals being subjected to phase difference measurement become close in phase, within a predetermined range, and for inverting one of these signals in phase when such a close phase relationship is sensed. The phase difference between the phase inverted signal and the other signal is then measured, and compensation is applied to the measured results such as to compensate for the effects of the phase inversion operation. Insensitivity and "hunting" effects which occur with prior art phase detectors in the region of zero phase difference are thereby eliminated, and an output signal can be obtained which varies in a smooth and continuous manner with variations in the phase difference between the two signals under measurement, over a 360.degree. range.

Abstract: A plating apparatus having a plurality of retaining racks, comprising loading-unloading stations for loading an unplated article onto each of the retaining racks and for unloading a plated article from each of the retaining racks, treating baths for plating the unplated articles a conveyance mechanism for conveying the retaining racks, and a plurality of stock yard stations for temporarily receiving the retaining racks, the stock yard stations being disposed immediately below a path traversed by the conveyance mechanism and adjacent the loading-unloading stations and treating baths.

Abstract: In a multiprocessory system comprising a plurality of CPUs interconnected by a common bus, means are provided whereby the CPUs are periodically and cyclically enabled to access the bus. Data transfer from one CPU to another is performed by first storing the data into a main memory connected to the bus, then transferring the data from main memory to the destination CPU when the latter is enabled to utilize the bus and is in a condition to accept the data. Means can also be provided whereby, when data must be immediately transferred from one CPU to another, the sending CPU stores the data in main memory, generates signals whereby the destination CPU is given use of the bus, and generates an interrupt which causes transfer of the stored data into the destination CPU.

Abstract: A wavelength-modulated derivative spectrometer is disclosed which enables continuous measurement of trace amounts of NH.sub.3 in stack gas which includes a high concentration of SO.sub.2, and which in general enables measurement of low amounts of a substance having a relatively broad-band absorption spectrum present in a gas together with a high concentration of a substance having a relatively narrow-band periodic spectrum structure, with interference resulting from the latter substance being substantially eliminated.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable connecting device for connecting an optical fiber cable to a connector having a receptacle, which device comprises a fiber cable guide member including a fiber fixing portion for fixing said fiber cable, and a pressuring member including a locking portion having a tapered portion cooperating with an oppositely tapered portion of the fiber fixing portion such that when said locking portion is held in one position relative to said fixing portion, said fixing portion locks said fiber cable in a fixed place whereas when said locking portion is held out of said one position, said fixing portion releases said fiber cable.

Abstract: A tuning fork type vibrator for an optical chopper in a photosensor, which vibrator oscillates at a single frequency. The vibrator comprises vibrating plates so disposed as to face each other with a predetermined spacing therebetween, and a stem portion obtained by bonding together bent portions located at one end of each of said vibrating plates.

Abstract: A multi-item data input apparatus is disclosed whereby an operator can designate one of a plurality of items by actuation of a key, thereby generating a signal indicative of that item. The items are visibly printed or written on a number of item information sheets, each of which is enclosed between a transparent cover sheet and a base sheet each of which is flexible, with the sheets being rolled around a cylindrical holder in a successively overlapping manner. Means are provided whereby a sheet set, comprising an item information sheet with cover sheet and base sheet, can be selectively unrolled and positioned below a keyboard having transparent keys, to allow designation of items on that item information sheet. The item information sheets can be rapidly and conveniently removed, for exchange of sheets or for modification of item information.