Abstract: An Ultra Wideband (UWB) short-range radar system is used for the detection of targets in clutter. Examples of targets on the ground include human walkers, crawlers and runners, and vehicles. The UWB sensor can also be used to detect small approaching boats in different levels of sea clutter or airborne targets like hang gliders. One of the primary differences between this device and other UWB radar sensors is the manner in which the bias on the threshold detector is set as well as the logic circuitry used to find targets in clutter while maintaining a low false alarm rate. The processing is designed to detect targets in varying degrees of clutter automatically. There may be no front panel controls other than an ON-OFF switch. The system is lightweight, low-cost, and can be easily installed in minutes.

Abstract: A safety device is used to protect golfers located in blind areas of a golf course from balls being driven, for example, off the tee. The safety device is manually activated by a push-button switch once the golfers enter the blind area. The switch initiates a low current drain, high-intensity, strobe light blinking at a 1 Hz rate that is visible from both the tee and blind areas even in bright sunshine. An electronic timer deactivates the strobe after N minutes. A wireless transmitter link located outside the blind area can be used to recycle the timer prior to the elapsed time (minutes) for those golfers who play more quickly.

Abstract: A batteryless sensor includes either a micro miniature generator/gear train or a piezoelectric crystal to convert a movement of a door or window to an ersatz V.sub.cc transient power supply to radiate a coded RF signal to a receiver, a distance away. The receiver may monitor a multiplicity of sensors to identify a source of an intrusion.

Abstract: An Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transmitter array consists of N individual transmitters coupled to a reference cw oscillator. Each of the N transmitters generates a waveform consisting of a number of cycles of a nominal carrier frequency of f.sub.0. The duration of the amplitude spectrum of the envelope of each signal is T. The transmitters are arranged in close proximity to form a multipole moment and are precisely synchronized to each other and delayed appropriately so that the resulting amplitude spectrum of the envelope of the transmitter array is due to a pulse duration of NT seconds. This reduces the overall signal bandwidth by a factor of N, at the same time increasing the radiated energy by a factor of N.

Abstract: A four-terminal network in tandem with a tunnel diode (TD) threshold receiver currently used in radar or communications improves its sensitivity. Previous inventors have shown that the temperature and sensitivity properties of a conventional TD threshold device used for detecting very short duration bursts of microwave energy would be enhanced by appropriately biasing the TD by a current derived from the thermal noise; the current sets the TD operating point. The magnitude of the current is determined by a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) feedback loop. The subject invention recognizes that a TD changes states (i.e., a detection event) when the area under the current vs. time curve or the charge passing through the device exceeds a prescribed number of picocoulombs. To maximize the charge and improve detection, a form of superheterodyne conversion is introduced to convert the oscillatory short pulse microwave signal received by an antenna to a monopolar baseband signal.

Abstract: A batteryless sensor includes a small and concealed permanent magnet motor which operates as a generator to convert rotational or translational energy to an ersatz Vcc transient power supply via a mechanical arrangement to radiate a coded VHF oscillator signal to a repeater or central processing unit located as far as one mile from the sensor. The receiver is able to monitor a multiplicity of sensor units over a given time period.

Abstract: This invention describes a high voltage, very short pulse, microwave radiating source using low-cost components, and capable of operating at high pulse repetition frequencies (prf). The source is activated by an ordinary video trigger commensurate with driving TTL logic. A trigger will cause a chain of N (where N may be 12 or greater) avalanche transistors connected in a Marx generator configuration to threshold resulting in a 1,200 volt or greater baseband pulse having a rise time of less than 100 ps and a duration of about 3 ns driving the input port of a dipole antenna. The dipole is excited by a balun. This invention achieves very short pulse duration broadband microwave radiation at pulse repetition frequencies as high as 30 kHz or greater.

Abstract: This invention describes a high voltage, very short pulse, microwave radiating source using low-cost components, and capable of operating at high pulse repetition frequencies (prf). The source is activated by an ordinary video trigger commensurate with driving TTL logic. A trigger will cause a chain of N (where N may be 12 or greater) avalanche transistors connected in a Marx generator configuration to threshold resulting in a 1,200 volt or greater baseband pulse having a rise time of less than 100 ps and a duration of about 3 ns driving the input port of a dipole antenna. The dipole is excited by a balun. This invention achieves very short pulse duration broadband microwave radiation at pulse repetition frequencies as high as 30 kHz or greater.

Abstract: A Precinct Protection System includes a laser source of light which is applied at the input to a bundle of light transmissive fibers. The fibers are gathered in a cable in loops of varying lengths so that the fibers enter and exit the cable at one and the same end. The cable is placed along a line adjoining or surrounding the precincts to be protected. An intruder traversing the line or protected perimeter will disturb one or more of the fiber optic loops of the cable. The circumstance and locality of the disturbance produced by the intruder are indicated on an analog or digital display.