Abstract: A method of differentially tuning a lower limb muscle in a human in need thereof is provided. The method includes placement of at least two calibrated, differential disturbances or protuberances under the human's feet thereby tuning a lower limb muscle.

Abstract: A method of treating a patient suffering from pain in the lower limb or a lower limb musculoskeletal disease is provided. The method includes placement of at least two calibrated, differential disturbances or protuberances under the patient's feet.

Abstract: A footwear which includes a support member having an inner sole and an upper surface attachable to a foot, and two bulbous protuberances protruding from a lower surface of the support member on opposite sides of a latitudinal midline, is provided.

Abstract: Provided are methods of treating or improving neurological conditions and/or outcomes thereof in a subject afflicted with a neurological condition. The methods include placement of a device comprising at least two calibrated, differential disturbances or protuberances under the subject's foot.

Abstract: A footwear which includes a support member having an inner sole and an upper surface attachable to a foot, and two bulbous protuberances protruding from a lower surface of the support member on opposite sides of a latitudinal midline, is provided.

Abstract: A method of treating urinary incontinence, uncontrolled urination, and frequent urination in a human in need thereof is provided. The method includes placement of at least two calibrated, differential disturbances or protuberances under the human's feet.

Abstract: Footwear includes a support member having an upper surface attachable to a foot, and two bulbous protuberances, a forward bulbous protuberance and rearward bulbous protuberance. Each of the protuberances has a curved outer contour, and protrudes from a lower surface of the support member on opposite sides of a latitudinal midline thereof, the latitudinal midline being halfway between a calcaneus support portion and a phalanges support portion of the support member. The forward bulbous protuberance is positioned medially offset with respect to a longitudinal centerline.

Abstract: Footwear includes a support member having an upper surface attachable to a foot, and two bulbous protuberances, a forward bulbous protuberance and rearward bulbous protuberance. Each of the protuberances has a curved outer contour, and protrudes from a lower surface of the support member on opposite sides of a latitudinal midline thereof, the latitudinal midline being halfway between a calcaneus support portion and a phalanges support portion of the support member. The forward bulbous protuberance is positioned medially offset with respect to a longitudinal centerline.

Abstract: A footwear assembly including footwear composed of (a) an upper surface adapted to a foot, (b) two protuberances, (c) a sole, and (d) a map formed on the sole. The map includes markings that define an orientation and position for mounting two protuberances on a bottom surface of the sole.