Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for providing additional functionality to a computer system. In one embodiment a PCMCIA (PC) processing card is coupled to a computer system. The PC processing card performs a function that a central processing unit (CPU) of the computer system would otherwise need to perform. The PC processing card provides the additional functionality without requiring specialized hardware that is not already existent in contemporary computer systems. A PC processing card can perform one or more of a variety of functions. By way of example, the PC processing card may perform signal processing, graphics acceleration, audio processing, encryption, decryption or any other suitable processing function. The PC processing card could also be another central processing unit that provides the computer system with parallel processing capabilities.

Abstract: A support is provided for a component on a substrate to minimize unacceptable bending or displacement. In a preferred embodiment, a suitable amount of a thermoplastic material is injected through a hole in a PCB under the component after the component has been affixed to the PCB. This allows the support material to fill any space between the component and the PCB yet allow for variation in lead height and for thermal expansion of the support material.

Abstract: A system for converting between the states of fresh and owned in a multi-processor computer system comprises a memory line with a structure including a first field for storing a memory state, a second field for storing an address, and a third field for storing data. Each of the cache lines for processors in the system includes a plurality of data fields including one for storing the cache line state, one for storing a forward pointer, one for storing a backward pointer, and one for storing data. A method is also provided for automatically washing memory lines. The system is advantageous because it allows the data to be transferred immediately when it is available, rather than requiring the next cache-line owner to poll until the data is available. Still more particularly, the present invention provides a method of reliably converting an owned data line from stale to fresh when read fresh accesses are being performed, while correctly leaving the line in an owned state if additional read owned access occur.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating composite icon images for a foreground icon and background icon is disclosed. An icon reference tag is used to retrieve icon image data and icon mask data for each icon. Once the data is retrieved, logical operations are performed to generate composite icon image data and composite icon mask data. A custom icon badge is disclosed which can be generated and employed on base icons. Also, an icon override mechanism is described which allows replacement of a particular icon for a particular application or document with another icon.

Abstract: A system and method for using a unified memory architecture to implement a digital camera device comprises a dynamic random-access memory for storing captured image data during processing and compression, a memory manager routine for allocating storage space within the dynamic random-access memory, a power management system for protecting the stored image data in case of a power failure, and an input/output interface for allowing an external host computer system to access the dynamic random-access memory.

Abstract: A method for reformatting alphanumeric objects displayed on a screen of a pen computer system including the steps of: (a) selecting a plurality of objects to be reformatted; (b) removing object breaks from between the objects; and (c) reformatting the objects without the removed object breaks. The alphanumeric objects typically comprise a number of words separated by object breaks such as carriage returns, tabs, and paragraph breaks. The process of the present invention removes such object breaks and replaces them with spaces prior to reflowing the word objects between a left margin and a right margin. An apparatus for reformatting alphanumeric objects of the present invention includes a digital process (CPU), memory coupled to the CPU, a screen coupled to the CPU, and a plurality of alphanumeric objects stored in the memory and displayed on the screens.

Abstract: Processing streaming data on demand in a computer system. A service cycle is divided into a first plurality of input/output (I/O) phases for a second plurality of streams of real-time data. For each of the first plurality of I/O phases, a disk job, if any, is scheduled for one of the second plurality of streams of real-time data, and a second plurality of network jobs, each of the disk jobs corresponding with each of the second plurality of streams of real-time data.

Abstract: Method and system aspects for increasing throughput in a WLAN are provided. In a method aspect, a packet is transmitted from a first end station in the WLAN, the packet including an indication of a next end station in a chain of end stations having data ready for transmission in the WLAN. The method further includes transferring control of access before a predetermined time period has been exceeded to the next end station in the chain of end stations based upon the indicator. In addition, the method includes maintaining access to the network for a plurality of cooperating end stations established through continuous indication of the next end station in the chain of end stations without exceeding a maximum access time.

Abstract: A method for manipulating image data in a digital image capture device includes forming two or more image processors, and providing the two or more image processors in the digital image capture device. The method further includes linking the two or more image processors to form an image processing chain, the image processing chain capable of manipulating image data in sequential and serial manners.In a system aspect, the system includes a digital image capture device, the digital image capture device capable of processing digital image data through two or more image processors. The system further includes a central processing unit within the digital image capture device and capable of linking the two or more image processors to form an image processing chain, wherein the image processing chain manipulates the digital image data in sequential and serial manners.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the dynamic (execution time) linking of object oriented software components is disclosed. The present invention comprises a computer system including a set of at least two software components. This invention provides a method and means for dynamically linking object oriented software components during run time execution of the program. The present invention includes two main features. First, a query function is provided to allow an application component to determine, during program execution time, the name and location of library classes available for use. Second, the application component can create (instantiate) instances of derived classes of an abstract base class. The application component can manipulate the instantiated object using the abstract interface provided by the base class definition. The implementation of the present invention involves processing at two steps in the software generation cycle.

Abstract: A user enters input, or a question in natural language form, and information is retrieved. A questions database is coupled to the input interface and contains questions which are comparable to the input and which the source retrieves in response to an input. An information source is coupled to the input interface and contains information which is relevant to retrieved questions. A searcher is coupled to the input interface for searching the information source for information which is relevant to the input. Information is ranked according to the entered query. A user's question is stored and linked to answers in the questions database. Users may add and link new questions which are not already stored in the questions database.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for convolution that provides both scaling and elimination of flicker when displaying computer generated or computer processed information on an interlaced, television monitor. One preferred embodiment includes a bilinear interpolation for scaling combined with a modified three line convolution for flicker reduction. In one preferred embodiment, 8 lines of a source computer image are scaled to 7 lines of a television image for display. The weighted contribution of each input line varies according to which combination of lines contribute to each output line, and the mathematically optimal weighting factors are modified for easier implementation in hardware.

Abstract: A system and method for efficient image encoding begins by loading a series of image blocks. A current block is compared with an immediately preceding image block for coincidence, and coded as matching or nonmatching based on the comparison results. The system further compares the nonmatching image blocks with a stack containing a list of the most recently encountered image blocks. Image blocks matching an entry in the list are coded by reference to the appropriate entry in the list. In the event a match is still unavailing, the system determines if the image blocks may be categorized as a bilevel text block, a bilevel image block, a block containing only one gray pixel, or a block containing multiple gray pixels. Each nonmatching block is classified according this classification criteria.

Abstract: A computer system includes an input pointer, a tablet having a two-dimensional tablet surface, and a data processor coupled to the tablet and operative to receive coordinate data from the tablet. The coordinate data is preferably in absolute-mode, and the data processor processes the coordinate data such that coordinate data influenced by a first segment of the tablet surface is processed in a relative-mode fashion, and coordinate data influenced by a second segment of the tablet surface is processed in an absolute-mode fashion. In consequence, the tablet is segmented for simultaneous relative-mode and absolute-mode operation. The segments can take on a number of configurations depending upon the configuration of the computer screen, the application program running, and user preferences.

Abstract: Compressing graphic data for a first computer system, e.g. an emulated system, on a second computer system. For each scanline of the graphic data for the first computer system, a number of colors present on the scanline are counted. A new color palette for the scanline is formed at a reduced representation. Then, a representation of each color of each pixel on the scanline is converted to the new palette. The scanline is then run-length encoded. The graphic data is compressed so that it can be, for example, transmitted between a client (e.g. an X client) and a server (e.g. an X server) and conserve network bandwidth.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for performing need based synchronization of a time clock maintained by a computer system. A number of computer systems are connected to a network, such as the Internet. Each computer system synchronizes its time clock by accessing a time server via the network. The time server may service a large number of client computer systems for purposes of providing accurate time of day readings and may therefore be subject to substantial loading. Accordingly, in each client system, the time clock is synchronized at least twice, and an amount of drift in the time clock is determined based on the two or more synchronizations. The synchronization interval for future synchronizations of the clock or the specific time of the next synchronization is then determined based upon the amount of drift, such that the time clock of each client computer system is synchronized only when necessary, and such that the loading on the time server is reduced.