Abstract: A method, and apparatus, for determining bend resistance of a sample includes applying a weight to a sample and measuring an amount of deflection of the sample caused by applying the weight. The sample is provided on a sample holder and an initial position of the sample is measured with respect to the sample holder. A weight is applied to the sample and a change in position from the initial position to a deflection position of the sample due to the weight applied to the sample is measured. An amount of deflection of the sample is determined by dividing the change in position by the basis weight.

Abstract: The invention teaches an improved process for the manufacture of useful fluoran dyes of the structure according to formula 1 comprising condensing in an alkanesulfonic acid or an arenesulfonic acid to acid according to formula 2 with an aminodiphenylamine of formula 3 wherein R, R1 and R2 are each independently selected from alkyl(C1-C8), aryl or aralkyl; wherein aromatic ring in aryl or aralkyl may be unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl(C1-C8), alkoxy(C1-C8), or halogen; wherein R1—N—R2 may form pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl ring moieties; wherein R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, halogen, aryl or aralkyl; wherein the aromatic ring in aryl or aralkyl may be unsubstituted or unsubstituted with alkyl, alkoxy or halogen; said alkyl or alkoxy moieties being from one to eight carbons; or R3 and R4 or R4 and R5, or R5 and R6, may form alicyclic or aromatic ring structures.

Abstract: This invention pertains to security paper and methods of making such security paper. The invention comprises a light-colored base paper having a non-protection area of a first thickness, and a protection area of a second thickness on at least one major surface of the base paper wherein the first thickness is greater than the second thickness. The base paper comprises colorant whereby the protection area exhibits a translucence when viewed using transmitted light, and exhibits the colorant as a darker color indication, relative to the non-protection area, when viewed using reflected light. Transmission of light through a combination of paper fibers and the colorant of the invention, both being disposed at the protection area, is discernibly different from transmission of light through the non-protection areas of the base paper, when viewed with a human eye.