Abstract: A fluid composition including a mixed metal oxide viscosifier, a clay viscosifier, and solid eutectic metal alloy particles. A method including pumping a drilling fluid downhole in a wellbore. The drilling fluid including water, a mixed metal oxide viscosifier, a clay viscosifier, and solid eutectic metal alloy particles. The method further including allowing the drilling fluid to reach a target zone with elevated permeability and forming a filter cake containing solid eutectic metal alloy particles in the target zone. The method including heating the filter cake to a temperature greater than the melting temperature of the eutectic metal alloy particles, allowing the particles to melt and become liquid eutectic metal alloy particles. The method including discontinuing heating and allowing the filter cake to cool to a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the solid eutectic metal alloy particles to produce a strengthened filter cake.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed. The methods may include obtaining vertical seismic profile (VSP) data and a seismic velocity model for a subterranean region of interest and determining, using the seismic velocity model and reverse time migration, a pre-stacked migrated seismic image based on the VSP data. The pre-stacked migrated seismic image includes seismic slices. The methods may further include, for each of the seismic slices in turn, determining a coherency map, determining a weighting map based on the coherency map, and determining a corrected seismic slice by applying the weighting map to each of the seismic slices. The methods may still further include determining a post-stacked corrected migrated seismic image based on the corrected seismic slices and determining a location of a geological feature within the subterranean region of interest based, at least in part, on the post-stacked corrected migrated seismic image.

Abstract: Method and systems for generating a reservoir simulation grid for a subterranean reservoir are disclosed. The method may include, using a reservoir simulation system, to obtain a reservoir model, where the reservoir model comprises a plurality of wellbore trajectories, define a coarse simulation grid pertaining to, at least a portion, of the reservoir model, and determine a grid refinement field based, at least in part, on the reservoir model. The method may further include, using a reservoir simulation system, to form a tree based on the coarse simulation grid, refine the tree at least in part, on an intersection of the grid refinement field and the coarse simulation grid, and define the reservoir simulation grid based, at least in part, on the refined tree and the coarse simulation grid.

Abstract: A method to perform a field operation of an unconventional reservoir is disclosed. The method includes selecting, from rock samples and based on test reports of corresponding companion rock samples, selected rock samples representing rock characteristics of formation zones in the unconventional reservoir, performing, using a rock sample test apparatus, a sequence of rock sample test cycles on each selected rock sample to generate rock sample test results, generating, based on the rock sample test results, a ranking of the selected rock samples representing enhanced oil recovery (EOR) potential of the formation zones, selecting, from the formation zones and based on the ranking, a target formation zone having an EOR potential meeting a pre-determined criterion, and performing, based at least on the EOR potential of the target formation zone, the field production of the unconventional reservoir.

Abstract: An untethered device includes a tool and a ballast weight. The ballast weight includes an attachment plate that is securable to the tool, a dissolvable ballast, and attachment elements that secure the dissolvable ballast to the attachment plate. At least one of the attachment elements is dissolvable to release the dissolvable ballast from the attachment plate.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automatic well log normalization are disclosed. The methods include acquiring a target log in a target well and a reference log in a reference well; identifying a stratigraphic interval in the target well and in the reference well; projecting the target log from the target well onto a pseudo target log in a pseudo target well and projecting the reference log from the reference well onto a pseudo reference log in a pseudo reference well; identifying lithologies from a first histogram of the pseudo target log and a second histogram of the pseudo reference log; determining, using the first histogram and the second histogram a regression relationship between the pseudo target log and the pseudo reference log; applying the regression relationship to the pseudo target log to generate a normalized pseudo target log; and determining a reservoir quality of the reservoir that produces hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Methods and systems include obtaining a correlation and obtaining a salt sample from a salt formation. The methods and systems further include, for each of N cycles, exposing, using an injection system, the salt sample to an nth amount of a gas and determining an nth value of a property by subjecting the salt sample, using an atomic force microscopy (AFM) system, to an AFM test. The methods and systems further include determining a relationship using the N values of the property, determining, using the correlation, a macroscale relationship based on the relationship, and generating a fit constitutive model by fitting the constitutive model to the macroscale relationship. The methods and systems include generating a model of a salt cavern within the salt formation based on the fit constitutive model and designing a salt cavern for withdrawal cycles of the gas using the model.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining near-wellbore stress and state in a drilled well includes: importing input data of a form of data files; calculating stress and pressure parameters along a wellbore path from the input data imported; displaying one or more of the input data and the calculated stress and pressure parameters along a well path of the drilled well; receiving, by a graphical user interface (GUI), a user selection of a depth at which distribution of the near-wellbore stress and state around a wellbore is determined; in response to receiving the user selection, calculating near-wellbore parameters describing the near-wellbore stress and state around the wellbore; and displaying, by the GUI, the calculated near-wellbore parameters around the wellbore.

Abstract: A method for selecting lost circulation materials (LCM) for boring a well involves determining, for a multitude of LCM blends, a multitude of overall scores based on characteristics associated with each of the multitude of LCM blends, and establishing a list of LCM blend candidates. Establishing the list of LCM blend candidates involves including a first of the multitude of LCM blends in a list of LCM blend candidates based on a first overall score associated with the first LCM blend, and excluding a second of the multitude of LCM blends from the list of LCM blend candidates, based on a second overall score associated with the second LCM blend. The first overall score is greater than the second overall score.

Abstract: Methods and systems for training a machine learning (ML) network to predict a likelihood of a presence of a geological fracture from an observed drill-bit seismic dataset are disclosed. The method may include obtaining, using a seismic processing system, a plurality of geophysical models, where each geophysical model includes a location of a drill bit. The method may further include simulating, for each geophysical model a corresponding simulated drill-bit seismic dataset for seismic waves emanating from the drill bit and recorded by at least one seismic receiver and forming a training dataset including a plurality of training pairs, with each training pair including a geophysical model from the plurality of geophysical models and the corresponding simulated drill-bit seismic dataset. The method may still further include training, using the training dataset, the ML network to predict the likelihood of the presence of the geological fracture from the observed drill-bit seismic dataset.

Abstract: A method of preparing an enhanced oil recovery composition is described. The method includes carbonizing a biomass waste material to provide carbon microparticles. The method includes functionalizing the carbon microparticles through an acid treatment such that the carbon microparticles have a hydrophilic surface. The method further includes grinding the carbon microparticles to provide carbon nanoparticles, where the carbon nanoparticles have a hydrophilic surface and a hydrophobic surface. A method of enhanced oil recovery is also described.

Abstract: A method for determining drilling fluid properties. The method includes obtaining current drilling fluid properties for a drilling fluid used in a drilling operation, obtaining operational parameters related to the drilling operation, and obtaining a treatment, wherein the treatment describes one or more additives or processes to be applied the drilling fluid. The method further includes processing the current drilling fluid properties, the operational parameters, and the treatment with a treatment prediction system to determine a prediction for drilling fluid properties after treatment. The method further includes applying the treatment to the drilling fluid and using the drilling fluid, after application of the treatment, in the drilling operation.

Abstract: A system for enhancing traveltime information in a seismic dataset and determining a velocity model. The system includes a first initial velocity model, a forward modelling procedure, a machine-learned model, a drilling system with a wellbore planning system, and a computer. The computer is configured to: receive a non-synthetic seismic data set for a subsurface region of interest; perturb the first initial velocity model forming a first plurality of velocity models; simulate, with the forward modelling procedure, a first plurality of seismic data sets; form a first plurality of transformed seismic data sets with enhanced traveltime; train the machine-learned model using the first plurality of velocity models and the first plurality of transformed seismic data sets; transform the non-synthetic seismic data set to a non-synthetic transformed seismic data set; and process the non-synthetic seismic data set with the trained machine-learned model to predict a velocity model for the subsurface region.

Abstract: A hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine that includes an engine block, where the engine block includes a cylinder outfitted with at least two hydrogen fuel injectors and a piston. The engine further includes an air-handling system that includes an intake manifold, an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a variable geometry turbocharger, and an exhaust gas recirculation system configured to recirculate exhaust gases from the exhaust pipe to the intake manifold. The engine further includes a two-step camshaft, where the two-step camshaft is configured with the air-handling system for exhaust re-breathing and late intake valve closing, and a port fuel injector system that provides hydrogen gas to the at least two hydrogen fuel injectors. The engine further includes a diesel injector, a common-rail fuel injection system, a plurality of sensors, and a controller configured to receive engine data from the plurality of sensors and to control operation of the hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine.

Abstract: A hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine that includes an engine block, where the engine block includes a cylinder outfitted with at least two hydrogen fuel injectors and a piston. The engine further includes an air-handling system that includes an intake manifold, an intake pipe, an exhaust pipe, a variable geometry turbocharger, and an exhaust gas recirculation system configured to recirculate exhaust gases from the exhaust pipe to the intake manifold. The engine further includes a two-step camshaft, where the two-step camshaft is configured with the air-handling system for exhaust re-breathing and late intake valve closing, and a port fuel injector system that provides hydrogen gas to the at least two hydrogen fuel injectors. The engine further includes a diesel injector, a common-rail fuel injection system, a plurality of sensors, and a controller configured to receive engine data from the plurality of sensors and to control operation of the hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine.

Abstract: Described is an apparatus for gas identification using a re-entrant microwave cavity. The re-entrant microwave cavity includes a tubular body having an exterior wall, a top portion, and a bottom portion. An inner conductor is positioned within the tubular body. A measurement conduit is positioned within the central conductor and extends from the bottom portion to the top portion of the tubular body. A cavity entry in connection with a first end of the measurement conduit is formed proximate the bottom portion of the tubular body to receive one or more gases from below the tubular body. A cavity exit in connection with a second end of the measurement conduit is formed proximate the top portion of the tubular body to release the one or more gases from the tubular body. A high frequency connector is configured to connect the tubular body to a microwave source.

Abstract: Described is a polymer-based well tracer. The polymer-based well tracer is a fluoropolymer having a fluorinated group. The fluoropolymer may be formed into a particle, a coating for proppant particulates, or encapsulated in a polymeric resin. Upon degradation or hydrolysis of the fluoropolymer, the fluorinated group having a fluorinated compound is released within the well.

Abstract: A system and method for using a Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS) system to receive signals transmitted from remote autonomous sensors and to locate the autonomous sensors are disclosed. The method includes installing a DAS system in a borehole consisting of at least one fiber-optic cable connected to at least one corresponding interrogator, deploying at least one autonomous sensor and conducting at least one measurement. The methods also include encoding the at least one measurement in at least one encoded acoustic signal, transmitting the at least one encoded acoustic signal to the at least one fiber-optic cable, and detecting the at least one encoded acoustic signal with the DAS system. Furthermore, the methods include recording the at least one encoded acoustic signal received by the DAS system at a surface location and processing the at least one encoded acoustic signal with a processing unit to decode and obtain the at least one measurement.

Abstract: Hydrogen foams may be used for placing and maintaining hydrogen in a subterranean location. For example, methods for introducing hydrogen to a subterranean location may include: placing a hydrogen foam in a subterranean location, in which the hydrogen foam comprises a continuous phase generated from a foamable composition comprising an aqueous fluid and a discontinuous phase comprising at least hydrogen gas; and maintaining the hydrogen foam in the subterranean location.

Abstract: Examples of methods and systems are disclosed. The methods may include obtaining a seismic data regarding a subsurface region of interest, wherein the seismic data comprises a plurality of time-space waveforms. The methods may also include obtaining a seismic velocity model. The methods may further include determining a migrated seismic image based on the plurality of time-space waveforms and the seismic velocity model. The method may still further include generating a filtered seismic image by applying a depth-dependent attenuation operator to the migrated seismic image and determining a drilling target in the subsurface region based on the filtered seismic image.