Abstract: An apparatus (20) for measuring internal gas pressure of a coke oven (31) including a guide (24) receiving at least three pressure probes (21,22,23) each connected to a pressure sensor (61,62,63), wherein, said guide (24) has a circular cross section then forming a tubular guide (24). method (70) for manufacturing the apparatus is also provided. A coke oven (31) including at least one hole (301) through which the above apparatus (20) is inserted horizontally such that a front part of each of the three pressure probes (21,22,23) is inside the coke oven (31) and a rear part of each of the three pressure probes (21,22,23) is outside the coke oven (31).

Abstract: A press hardening method includes the following steps: A. the provision of a steel sheet for heat treatment, precoated with a zinc- or aluminum-based pre-coating for anti-corrosion purpose, B. the deposition of a hydrogen barrier pre-coating over a thickness from 10 to 550 nm, C. the batch annealing of the precoated steel sheet in an inert atmosphere to obtain a pre-alloyed steel sheet, D. the cutting of the pre-alloyed steel sheet to obtain blank, E. the thermal treatment of the blank to obtain a fully austenitic microstructure in the steel, F. the transfer of the blank into a press tool, G. the hot-forming of the blank to obtain a part, H. the cooling of the part obtained at step G).

Abstract: A method for producing a welded blank (1) includes providing two precoated sheets (2), butt welding the precoated sheets (2) using a filler wire. The precoating (5) entirely covers at least one face (4) of each sheet (2) at the time of butt welding. The filler wire (20) has a carbon content between 0.01 wt. % and 0.45 wt. %. The composition of the filler wire (20) and the proportion of filler wire (20) added to the weld pool is chosen such that the weld joint (22) has (a) a quenching factor FTWJ: FTWJ?0.9FTBM?0, where FTBM is a quenching factor of the least hardenable substrate (3), and FTWJ and FTBM are determined: FT=128+1553×C+55×Mn+267×Si+49×Ni+5×Cr?79×Al?2×Ni2?1532×C2?5×Mn2?127×Si2?40×C×Ni?4×Ni×Mn, and (b) a carbon content CWJ<0.15 wt. % or, if CWJ?0.15 wt. %, a softening factor FAWJ such that FAWJ>5000, where FA=10291+4384.1×Mo+3676.9Si?522.64×Al?2221.2×Cr?118.11×Ni?1565.1×C?246.67×Mn.

Abstract: A method for the fabrication of a coated sheet is provided. The method includes the steps of providing a sheet in a deposition chamber, maintaining the deposition chamber at a pressure Pchamber, maintaining an ejection chamber that is located inside the deposition chamber at a pressure Peject and coating the sheet with zinc with a sonic vapor jet. A ratio of the pressures Pchamber to Peject is between 2·10?3 and 5.5·10?2.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the wear of a refractory lining of a blast furnace using modelling of a part of the blast furnace and thermal field calculation. Computer program allowing to perform such a method.

Abstract: A method to improve the formability of steel blanks, for steels containing at least 5% martensite, and possibly some ferrite, bainite and residual austenite and having an ultimate tensile strength of at least 500 MPa and possibly having a metallic coating layer on at least one side, wherein the steel blank is heat-treated on at least part of its peripheral thickness using at least one heat source, which heats the steel in a heat-treated zone to a temperature between 400° C. and 1500° C. without melting the steel in any points of the heat-treated zone.

Abstract: press hardening method includes the following steps: A. the provision of a steel sheet for heat-treatment, precoated with a zinc- or aluminum-based pre-coating, B. the deposition of a hydrogen barrier pre-coating over a thickness from 10 to 550 nm, and comprising at least one element chosen from among: nickel, chromium, magnesium, aluminum and yttrium, C. batch annealing of the precoated steel sheet to obtain a pre-alloyed steel sheet, the cooling after the batch annealing being performed at a speed of 29.0° C.h?1 or less, D. the cutting of the pre-alloyed steel sheet to obtain blank, E. thermal treatment of the blank to obtain a fully austenitic microstructure in the steel, F. the transfer of the blank into a press tool, G. the hot-forming of the blank to obtain a part, H. the cooling of the part obtained at step G).

Abstract: A reinforcement frame (1) for a battery pack (2) of an electric or hybrid vehicle (37), the battery pack including a plurality of battery cells lying on and secured to a shield element, the reinforcement frame including at least: a reinforcement frame fastening portion (3) provided to be secured to both the battery pack and the body of the vehicle, and a reinforcement frame hollow portion (4) provided to surround at least the battery cells.

Abstract: A cold rolled and heat treated steel sheet having a composition containing the following elements, expressed in percent by weight: 0.15%?carbon?0.6%; 4%?manganese?20%; 5%?aluminum?15%; 0?silicon?2%; aluminum+silicon?6.5%; and possibly one or more of the following elements: 0.01%?niobium?0.3%; 0.01%?titanium?0.2%; 0.01%?vanadium?0.6%; 0.01%?copper?2.0%; 0.01%?nickel?2.0%; cerium?0.1%; boron?0.01%; magnesium?0.05%; zirconium?0.05%; molybdenum?2.0%; tantalum?2.0%; tungsten?2.0%; the remainder being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, wherein the microstructure of said steel sheet contains in area fraction, 10 to 50% of austenite, the reminder being regular ferrite and ordered ferrite of D03 structure. A manufacturing method and use of the steel sheet for making vehicle parts is also described.

Abstract: A method of production of a cold rolled and heat treated steel sheet has the following steps: providing a cold rolled steel sheet with a composition including the following elements, expressed in percent by weight: 0.15%?carbon?0.6%, 4%?manganese?20%, 5%?aluminum?15%, 0?silicon?2%, aluminum+ silicon?6.5%, a remainder being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing; heating said cold rolled steel sheet up to a soaking temperature between 80° and 950° C. during less than 600 seconds, then cooling the sheet down to a temperature in a range of 600° C. to room temperature, reheating the steel sheet to a soaking temperature of 150° C. to 600° C. during 10 s to 250 h, then cooling the sheet.

Abstract: A protective element (1) named shield element for a battery pack of an electric or hybrid vehicle, wherein the protective element (1) includes a securing device (2) configured to removably secure the shield element (1) both to the battery pack and to a body (11) of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method for laser cutting a steel alloy sheet/plate having a composition including, in wt. %: C: 0.0-0.29; Mn: 0.50-1.35; P: 0.04 max; S: 0.05 max; Si: 0.40 max; Cr: 0.5-0.75, and the remainder being iron and impurities, the steel alloy is free from intentional additions of Cu and Ni and containing less than 0.05% of total cumulated amounts of Cu and Ni.

Abstract: A direct reduction shaft furnace having at least one probe disposed vertically within the reduction zone thereof. The probe preferably extends from the top to the bottom of the reduction zone. The probe allows for gas sampling along the length thereof and transmittal of the gas to at least one type of gas analysis device. The probe may also allow for the measurement of the temperature and pressure of the gas sample as it is taken.

Abstract: A hot-dip coated steel substrate coated with a layer of Sn directly topped by a zinc or an aluminum based coating is provided, the steel substrate having the following chemical composition in weight percent: 0.10?C?0.4%, 1.2?Mn?6.0%, 0.3?Si?2.5%, Al<2.0%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as P<0.1%, Nb ?0.5%, B? 0.005%, Cr?1.0%, Mo?0.50%, Ni?1.0%, Ti?0.5%, the remainder of the composition making up of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration, the steel substrate further having between 0.0001 and 0.01% by weight of Sn in the region extending from the steel substrate surface up to 10 ?m.

Abstract: A facade element (1D), to be fastened to a building structure with other such facade elements (1A, 1B, 1C) to build one of the external walls of the building. The facade element includes an assembly of sandwich panels fastened to a metal framework, an upper waterproofing membrane that covers up an upper edge of the facade element, and a lower waterproofing membrane (5D) fixed to the inner face of the facade element. The lower waterproofing membrane extends beyond a lower edge of the facade element, up to an outer face of another facade element (1B) placed below. Both the upper and lower waterproofing membranes have overhanging parts (51D), extending beyond the left (35D) and right edges of the facade element. A building facade, and to a process for the assembling of a building facade is also provided.

Abstract: An assembly of at least two metallic substrates spot welded together through at least one spot welded joint is provided, a method for the manufacture of the assembly is also provided, such method including two steps and the use of this assembly for the manufacture of automotive vehicle.

Abstract: A steel for forging mechanical parts including of the following elements, expressed in percentage by weight: 0.15%?C?0.22%; 1.6%?Mn?2.2%; 0.6%?Si?1%; 1%?Cr?1.5%; 0.01%?Ni?1%; 0%?S?0.06%; 0%?P?0.02%; 0%?N?0.013%; and having optional elements 0%?Al?0.06%; 0.03%?Mo?0.1%; 0%?Cu?0.5%; 0.01%?Nb?0.15%; 0.01%?Ti?0.03%; 0%?V?0.08%; 0.0015%?B?0.004%; the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of said steel having microstructure by area percentage including of cumulative presence of residual austenite and martensite-austenite island between 1% and 20%, the remaining microstructure being bainite having at least 80%, wherein the fraction of grain boundaries of bainite with a misorientation angle of 59.5° are at least 7% and with an optional presence of martensite between 0% and 10%.

Abstract: A system for estimating both thickness and wear state of refractory material of a metallurgical furnace, including at least one processor including a database of simulated frequency domain data named simulated spectra representing simulated shock waves reflected in simulated refractory materials of known state and thickness, each simulated spectrum being correlated with both known state and thickness data of the considered simulated refractory material, wherein the at least one processor is configured to record a reflected shock wave as a time domain signal, and to convert it into frequency domain data named experimental spectrum, and are further configured to compare the experimental spectrum with at least a plurality of simulated spectra from the database, to determine the best fitting simulated spectrum with the experimental spectrum and to estimate thickness and state of the refractory material of the furnace using known state and thickness data correlated with the best fitting simulated spectrum.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a recovered steel sheet having an austenitic matrix presenting at least one mechanical property (M) equal or above a target value Mtarget is provided. The method includes a calibrating process involving heat treatments on at least 2 samples of the steel, corresponding to Pareq values P, submitting said samples to X-ray diffraction so as to obtain spectrums including a main peak whose width at mid height FWHM is being measured, measuring a mechanical property (M) of said samples, measuring a recovery or recrystallization state of each sample, drawing a curve of M as a function of FWMH in a domain where the samples are recovered from 0 to 100%, but not recrystallized. The method further includes calculating a FWHMtarget corresponding to a target mechanical property Mtarget, determining a pareq value Ptarget of the heat treatment to perform to reach Mtarget and selecting a time ttarget and a temperature T°target corresponding to the Ptarget value.

Abstract: A cold rolled and heat treated steel sheet having a composition including elements, expressed in percentage by weight 0.11%?Carbon?0.15%, 1.1%?Manganese?1.8%, 0.5%?Silicon?0.9%, 0.002%?Phosphorus?0.02%, 0%?Sulfur?0.003%, 0%?Aluminum?0.05%, 0%?Nitrogen?0.007%, and can contain one or more of optional elements 0.05%?Chromium?1%, 0.001%?Molybdenum?0.5%, 0.001%?Niobium?0.1%, 0.001%?Titanium?0.1%, 0.01%?Copper?2%, 0.01%?Nickel?3%, 0.0001%?Calcium?0.005%, 0%?Vanadium?0.1%, 0%?Boron?0.003%, 0%?Cerium?0.1%, 0%?Magnesium?0.010%, 0%?Zirconium?0.010% the remainder being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities, the microstructure of said steel sheet comprising, 50 to 80% Ferrite, 10 to 30% Bainite, 1 to 10% Residual Austenite, and 1% to 5% Martensite, wherein the cumulated amounts of Bainite and Residual Austenite is more than or equal to 25%.