Abstract: A steel sheet has a composition including 0.060%?C?0.085%, 1.8%?Mn?2.0%, 0.4%?Cr?0.6%, 0.1%?Si?0.5%, 0.010%?Nb?0.025%, 3.42N?Ti?0.035%, 0?Mo?0.030%, 0.020%?Al?0.060%, 0.0012%?B?0.0030%, S?0.005%, P?0.050%, 0.002%?N?0.007% and optionally 0.0005%?Ca?0.005%, the remainder of the composition being iron and unavoidable impurities. The microstructure includes 34% to 80% bainite, 10% to 16% martensite, and 10% to 50% ferrite. The surface fraction of unrecrystallized ferrite, with respect to the whole structure, is less than 30%. The martensite includes self-tempered martensite and fresh martensite, the surface fraction of self-tempered martensite being between 4% and 10%.

Abstract: A pre-coated steel substrate coated with: —optionally, an anticorrosion coating and—a flux including at least one titanate and at least one nanoparticle chosen from: TiO2, SiO2, Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), Al2O3, MoO3, CrO3, CeO2 or a mixture thereof, the thickness of the flux being between 30 and 95 ?m.

Abstract: A steel sheet and press hardened steel part having a composition including, by weight percent: C 0.05-0.4%, Mn 0.5-4%, Si 0.1-1.3%, Al 0.01-0.1%, Cr 0.01-1.0%, Ti 0.01-0.1%, B 0.0005-0.08%, Cu 0.05-0.4%, Sn 0.002-0.1%, P?0.020%, S?0.010%, N?0.02% the remainder of the composition being iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the smelting process and depending on the process route. The press hardened steel part has a microstructure including, in surface fraction, more than 95% of martensite, the rest being optional bainite and retained austenite.

Abstract: A steel for forging mechanical parts including of the following elements 0.04%?C?0.28%; 1.2%?Mn?2.2%; 0.3%?Si?1.2%; 0.5%?Cr?1.5%; 0.01%?Ni?1%; 0%?S?0.06%; 0%?P?0.02%; 0%?N?0.015%; 0%?Al?0.1%; 0.03%?Mo?0.5%; 0%?Cu?0.5%; 0.04%?Nb?0.15%; 0.01%?Ti?0.1%; 0%?V?0.5%; 0.0015%?B?0.004%; the remainder composition being composed of iron and unavoidable impurities caused by processing, the microstructure of the steel having microstructure including in area fraction, 55% to 85% of Martensite, 20% to 45% of Auto-tempered Martensite, 0 to 10% Residual Austenite and, wherein cumulated amounts of Auto-tempered martensite and martensite is at least 90%.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for estimating anoxide thickness and temperature of a heated steel strip undergoing a heat treatment performed at a temperature from 100° C. to 1100° C.. The method includes measuring at least two radiation intensities at different wavelengths, in a range from 1 to 5 ?m, emitted by the heated steel strip estimating the temperature of the heated steel strip based on the at least two measured radiation intensities and a reference radiation intensity for at least a reference wavelength, estimating an emissivity of the heated steel strip, and estimating the oxide thickness, of the heated steel strip using the estimated emissivity.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Direct Reduced Iron wherein iron ore is reduced in a DRI shaft by a reducing gas including hydrogen obtained by thermal cracking of methane inside a plasma torch, the reducing gas further including top gas coming from the DRI shaft and a DRI manufacturing equipment including a DRI shaft (1) and a plasma torch (40), wherein the plasma torch is connected on one side to a methane supply (41) and, on the other side, to the DRI shaft (1), the DRI shaft being provided with a recycling loop allowing to inject its top gas back in the DRI shaft.

Abstract: Method for producing a steel part comprising providing a semi-finished product made of a steel comprising, by weight: 0.35%?C?0.60%; 0.15%?Si?0.5%; 0.8%?Mn?2.0%; 0.0003%?B?0.01%; 0.003%?Mo?1.0%; 1.0%?Cr?2.0%; 0.01%?Ti?0.04%; 0.003%?N?0.01%; S?0.015%; P?0.015%; 0.01%?Ni?1.0%; 0.01%?Nb?0.1%; optionally 0?Al?0.1%; 0?V?0.5%; and the remainder consisting of iron and unavoidable impurities. The method further including annealing this semi-finished product at a temperature strictly lower than the Ac1 temperature of the steel; cold forming the semi-finished product into a cold formed product; subjecting the cold formed product to a heat treatment comprising heating the cold formed product to a temperature greater than or equal to the Ac3 temperature of the steel; and holding the product at a holding temperature comprised between 300° C. and 400° C. for a time comprised between 15 minutes and 2 hours.

Abstract: A cooling method of a travelling coated steel strip, exiting a hot-dip coating bath, including the steps of A) sucking a gas into a cooling device, B) filtering the sucked gas by a filtering system capturing at least 50% of the particles having a size of at least 2.5 ?m, C) blowing, at a velocity comprised from 1 to 80 m·s?1, the sucked and filtered gas onto the coated steel strip.

Abstract: A calibrating bar, for calibrating a multi-roll leveller for metal strips, the calibrating including a first groove on a first face wherein a first optical fibre is embedded by an adhesive, a second groove on a second face, being opposite to the first face, wherein a second optical fibre is embedded by means of an adhesive, the first optical fibre and the second optical fibre including a fibre Bragg grating and being essentially parallel, the first optical fibre and the second optical fibre being located at the same distance from the neutral plane N, the first embedded optical fibre and the second embedded optical fibre being configured such that they can be connected to an optical coupler and such that it has a sufficient length to extend over all the rolls of said multi-roll leveller.

Abstract: A TWIP steel sheet is provided having an austenitic matrix including by weight: 0.1?C?1.2%, 13.0?Mn<25.0%, 0.1?Si?3.0%, 0.1?Cu?5.0%, S?0.030%, P?0.080%, N?0.1%, 0.1?Al?4.0% and 0.1?V?2.50% in such way that:—when the amount of Al<2.0%, the weight ratio Al/V is between 0.2 and 8 or—when the amount of Al?2.0%, the amount of V>0.25%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more of Nb?0.5%, B?0.005%, Cr?1.0%, Mo?0.40%, Ni?1.0%, Ti?0.5%, and/or 0.06?Sn?0.2%, the remainder of the composition being made of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from elaboration.

Abstract: A method for producing a coated steel sheet having a tensile strength TS of at least 1100 MPa, a total elongation TE according to ISO standard 6892-1 of at least 12%, the product TS×TE of the tensile strength by the total elongation being at least 14200 MPa %, and a hole expansion ratio HER according to ISO standard 16630:2009 of at least 25%, the method including the following successive steps: providing a cold-rolled steel sheet, the chemical composition of the steel containing in weight %: 0.15%?C?0.23%, 2.0%?Mn?2.7%, with C+Mn/10?0.420%, 0?Cr?0.40%, with Mn+Cr?2.25%, 0.2%?Si?1.6%, 0.02%?Al?1.2%, with 1.0%?Si+Al?2.2%, 0?Nb?0.035%?Mo?0.1%, the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities, annealing the steel sheet at an annealing temperature TA so as to obtain a structure comprising at least 65% of austenite and at most 35% of intercritical ferrite, quenching the sheet from a temperature of at least 600° C. at a cooling rate comprised between 20° C./s and 50° C.

Abstract: Steel sheet suitable for a multistep hot stamping process and associated manufacturing process, the steel sheet having a composition including, by weight percent: C: 0.13-0.4%, Mn: 0.4-4.2%, Si: 0.1-2.5%, Cr?2%, Mo?0.65%, Nb?0.1%, Al?3.0%, Ti?0.1%, B?0.005%, P?0.025%, S?0.01%, N?0.01%, Ni?2.0%, Ca?0.1%, W?0.30%, V?0.1%, Cu?0.2%, wherein Q is less than 20, the factor Q being defined as (the elements are expressed in weight percent): Q=114?68*C?18*Mn+20*Si?56*Cr?61*Ni?37*Al+39*Mo+79*Nb?17691*B, the steel sheet having a microstructure including, in surface fraction, from 60% to 100% of recrystallized ferrite, less than 40% of the sum of martensite, bainite and carbides and less than 5% of non-recrystallized ferrite.

Abstract: A carbon steel sheet coated with a barrier pre-coating containing nickel and chromium in a weight ratio between 1.5 and 9, and a press hardening method for providing the carbon steel sheet coated with a barrier pre-coating comprising nickel and chromium are described.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of steel sheets for fabricating a welded steel blank is provided. The method includes a step of removing at least part of the first and second metal alloy layers in first and second peripheral zones of pre-coated steel first and second sheets, respectively, by simultaneously ablating the first and second precoatings in the first and second peripheral zones of the pre-coated steel first and second sheets to define first and second ablation zones, the first and second peripheral zones being zones of the first and second principal faces closest to the median plane and located on either side of the median plane.

Abstract: A tin coated steel sheet is provided for manufacturing a drawn can having: a thickness inferior to 0.7 mm, a yield strength inferior to 400 MPa, an average grain aspect ratio below 1.5, a strain hardening coefficient below 1.5, a tin coating from 0.5 to 4.0 g·m?2 on a first face and from 2.8 to 11.2 g·m?2 on a second face, a chemical composition comprising in weight percent 0.002?C?0.09 and 0.0015?B?0.005 and a balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, and the steel sheet having a ferritic microstructure with a mean grain size from 5 to 15 ?m.

Abstract: A hot rolled and heat-treated steel sheet, made of a steel having a composition including, by weight percent: C: 0.03-0.18%, Mn: 6.0-11.0%, Mo: 0.05-0.5%, B: 0.0005-0.005%, S?0.010%, P?0.020%, N?0.008%, and including optionally one or more of the following elements, in weight percentage: Al<3%, Si?1.20%, Ti?0.050%, Nb?0.050%, Cr?0.5%, V?0.2%, the remainder of the composition being iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the smelting, the steel sheet having a microstructure including, in surface fraction, from 10% to 60% of retained austenite, from 40% to 90% of ferrite, less than 5% of martensite, carbides below 0.8%, and an inhomogeneous repartition of manganese, characterized by a manganese distribution with a slope above or equal to ?40.

Abstract: A cold rolled and heat-treated steel sheet having a composition including, by weight percent: C 0.3-0.4%, Mn 2.0-2.6%, Si: 0.8-1.6%, Al 0.01-0.6%, Mo 0.15-0.5%, Cr 0.3-1.0%, Nb?0.06%, Ti?0.06%, Ni?0.8%, S?0.010%, P?0.020% and N?0.008%, the remainder of the composition being iron and unavoidable impurities resulting from the smelting, and having a microstructure consisting of, in surface fraction: between 15% and 30% of retained austenite, said retained austenite having a carbon content of at least 0.7%, between 70% and 85% of tempered martensite, at most 5% of fresh martensite and at most 5% of bainite. It also deals with a manufacturing method thereof.

Abstract: A lance (1) for blowing oxygen onto a bath of molten steel including a tip (15) provided with first oxygen ejector (16) and a distributor (17) provided with second ejector (18).

Abstract: A press hardening method including: A. providing a steel sheet for heat treatment, being optionally precoated with an aluminum-based pre-coating, B. deposition of a hydrogen barrier pre-coating comprising chromium and not comprising nickel over a thickness from 10 to 550 nm, C. cutting the precoated steel sheet to obtain a blank, D. heat treating the blank at a furnace temperature from 800 to 970° C., during a dwell time from 1 to 12 minutes, in an atmosphere having an oxidizing power equal or higher than that of an atmosphere consisting of 1% by volume of oxygen and equal or smaller than that of an atmosphere consisting of 50% by volume of oxygen, and having a dew point between ?30 and +30° C., E. transferring the blank into a press tool, F. hot-forming at a temperature from 600 to 830° C. to obtain a part, G. cooling the part.

Abstract: A method for estimating the temperature of a steel product including a calibration step wherein the intensities at 5 wavelengths ranging from 0.9 to 2.1 ?m are recorded for several measurement condition and spectral attenuation coefficients are computed, a measurement step wherein the intensities at said 5 wavelengths are recorded and spectral attenuation coefficients are computed for several temperatures and a comparison step wherein a probability test is performed to estimate the steel product temperature.