Abstract: A network device that provides packet forwarding services includes: a command line interface and a route manager. The command line interface is programmed to: obtain a command, for updating a routing control function, that specifies positional information; identify a portion of the routing control function based on the positional information; identify a syntactic style associated with the portion of the routing control function; make a modification to the routing control function to obtain a modified routing control function; and update operation of the network device based on the modified routing control function. The route manager is programmed to process a route for forwarding packets of the network device based on the modified routing control function, after the operation of the network device is updated, to obtain a processed route for forwarding the packets.

Abstract: Power management includes receiving power supply unit (PSU) power capacity data and PSU power consumption data from each PSU in a set of PSUs. A priority table is updated with controlled device power consumption data received from a set of controlled devices. If the PSU power consumption data of any PSU exceeds an associated threshold calculated based on the PSU power capacity data for the PSU, then one or more controlled devices are selected based on the controlled device power consumption data in the priority table. When power consumption data of any PSU exceeds the associated threshold, a power response procedure powers off at least one of the selected one or more controlled devices, reduces power supplied to at least one of the selected one or more controlled devices, or reduces an output voltage of any of the PSU for which the PSU power consumption data exceeds the associated threshold.

Abstract: Systems and methods for allocating a per-interface access control list (ACL) counter are disclosed. An ACL is applied to a data packet received at an interface of the network element. In response to matching the highest priority ACL rule, a counter value is obtained based on a combination of a base index and an expansion index value. The base index, expansion index, and counter values are stored in their respective tables. The counter value is uniquely associated with the specific ACL rule hit and the interface used to receive the data packet. Systems and methods also allocate a next set of expansion and counter tables when their storage capacity is exceeded. When the next set of tables are allocated, the older set of tables along with their index mappings and entries are preserved.

Abstract: A method for managing optical transceivers includes obtaining laser measurements for a laser operating in an optical transceiver in a network device, obtaining a failure profile for the laser, making a first determination that the laser measurements match the failure profile, and based on the first determination, initiating a remediation action for the optical transceiver.

Abstract: A system and method for managing network traffic is disclosed. The method includes determining an application domain, network elements associated with the application domain, and roles the network elements in the application domain. A virtual routing and forwarding (VRF) policy is generated for each of the network elements in the application domain based on the application domain and the role of each of the network elements in the application domain.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for using a network device's software (e.g., programs executed on a CPU) to maintain and export flow data while offloading network resource intensive tasks to the network device's hardware. This may be accomplished by a network device determining whether a new flow should be tracked using only the software table (e.g., table stored only on the CPU) of the network device or whether certain flow tracking tasks (e.g., counting/parsing) can be offloaded to a hardware table (e.g., counter table in a hardware flow cache) of the network device. The network device may use one or more conditions to determine whether the new flow should be tracked using the software table or by both the software and the hardware table. The conditions can relate to the characteristics of the new flow, resource information, prioritization of the new flow, etc.

Abstract: In some implementations, a network device includes a housing and a set of switch cards within the housing and including a first set of connectors. A set of line cards within the housing includes a second set of connectors. The set of line cards are oriented orthogonally to the set of switch cards. A first set of power supplies and a second set of power supplies are in the housing. A midplane includes a plurality of circuit board assemblies arranged within the housing between the set of line cards and the first and second sets of power supplies to allow air to flow through the set of line cards to the set of switch cards, first set of power supplies, and second set of power supplies.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to a system for positioning indicator lights of a network device. The system may include a circuit board, which may include a circuit board edge positioned behind a front panel of the network device, two surfaces; and a side of the circuit board edge positioned between the two surfaces. The system may also include a hole through the circuit board near the circuit board edge, a cutout extending from a portion of the hole to the side of the circuit board edge, a LED coupled to the surface of the circuit board and adapted to emit light into the hole, and a lightpipe disposed in the hole to receive light emitted from the LED into a first end of the lightpipe. The lightpipe may direct the light from a second end of the lightpipe toward an opening in the front panel of the network device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include optical transmitters and transceivers with improved reliability. In some embodiments, the optical transmitters are used in network devices, such as in conjunction with a network switch. In one embodiment, lasers are operated at low power to improve reliability and power consumption. The output of the laser may be modulated by a non-direct modulator and received by integrated optical components, such as a modulator and/or multiplexer. The output of the optical components may be amplified by a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Various advantageous configurations of lasers, optical components, and SOAs are disclosed. In some embodiments, SOAs are configured as part of a pluggable optical communication module, for example.

Abstract: Each switch unit in a networking system shares its local state information among other switch units in the networking system, collectively referred to as the shared forwarding state. Each switch unit creates a respective set of output queues that correspond to ports on other switch unites based on the shared forwarding state. A received packet on an ingress switch unit operating in accordance with a first routing protocol instance can be enqueued on an output queue in the ingress switch; the packet is subsequently processed by the egress switch unit, operating in accordance with a second routing protocol instance that corresponds to the output queue.

Abstract: A networking system may include a switch coupled to a computing resource. A resource management system may control the computing resource. A controller may be coupled to the switch. The controller may include a resource management interface that is coupled to the resource management system via a communications link. The resource management interface may receive computing resource information for the computing resource via the communications link. The controller may provide control data to the switch to update a cloud network for the computing resource based on the received computing resource information.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for a mechanism for faster convergence of network traffic after a network device's link is interrupted by leveraging the withdrawal of the ethernet virtual private network (EVPN) auto discovery (AD) route. This may be accomplished by a first device checking an ethernet segment identifier (ESI) status flag before generating an entry in the first device's forwarding table, where the entry is based on an IP route for a host received by a second network device. In response to receiving a withdrawal of an EVPN AD route from the second device, the first device may update the ESI status flag to indicate that the host on the ethernet segment (ES) is reachable only via the third device and update the entry that was based on the IP route for the host received by the second network device to prevent sending traffic to the host via the second device.

Abstract: A networking system may include a first network such as a private cloud network and a second network such as a public cloud network. The first network may include a switch coupled to a computing resource. To facilitate a robust and flexible inter-network connection, the networking system may include network connector circuitry having a connector endpoint at the first network and a network connector coupling the connector endpoint to a network element at the second network. A controller for the first network may provide control signals and configuration data to the network connector circuitry to form the connection to the second network and may configure the switch to forward external network traffic to and from the connector endpoint via a switch port directly coupled to the connector endpoint.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method is provided. The method includes receiving a data packet via an ingress interface of the network device. The method also includes determining whether the data packet comprises an Internet Protocol version 4 (IPV4) or an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPV6) packet. The method further includes in response to determining that the packet comprises an IPV4 packet, identifying a first entry in an adjacency table. The first entry is associated with an address prefix. The address prefix is associated with first Internet Protocol (IP) address of the data packet. The first entry indicates a next hop for the data packet. The adjacency table comprises a second entry associated with the address prefix. The method further includes forwarding the packet to the next hop indicated by the first entry in the adjacency table, via an egress interface of the network device.

Abstract: A digital crosspoint switch of a network switching system (NSS) replicates input data received via a first network interface to a first data processing port of a data processing card. The input data includes a digital market data feed comprising market-data packets. The crosspoint switch has internal crosspoint ports and external crosspoint ports. The data processing card includes a programmable logic device and a plurality of data processing ports connected to the internal crosspoint ports. The NSS includes a plurality of network interfaces connected to the external crosspoint ports. The data processing card processes the input data and generates processed data on the second data processing port at least in part by only including market-data packets that meet a first predetermined filtering criterion in the processed data. The crosspoint switch replicates the processed data from the second data processing port to the second network interface.

Abstract: A network device includes a routing information base including a first plurality of entries, a forwarding information base including a second plurality of entries; a forwarding information base entry optimizer that programs the second plurality of entries of the forwarding information base using, at least in part, the first plurality of entries; and a network processor that forwards packets based on the second plurality of entries of the forwarding information base. The second plurality of entries is less than the first plurality of entries.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided herein for allocating the same ESI label on multihomed peers for a given ES. In some embodiments, each network device that provides multihoming to a host using an ES, advertises EVPN AD per ES routes to each other, wherein the EVPN AD per ES routes comprise an ESI label associated with the ES. Because the network devices advertise the same ESI label for the ES, a first network device generates a bitmap. The first network device uses the bitmap to include the advertised ESI label in replicated packets that the first network device forwards to the other network devices that provide multihoming to the host via the ES. The network devices that consider themselves non-DF devices will drop the packet. The network devices that consider themselves the DF device will not forward the packet to the host via the ES because of the ESI label.

Abstract: A system that provides communication services may include two switches for redundancy. The switches may indicate that they are independent devices to upstream devices and indicate that they are the same device to a predetermined device set. If one of the switches enters an undesired state, then the switch in a standby state may modify the upstream devices to preferentially forward packets directed toward the predetermined device set to the standby switch rather than an active switch, and after transitioning the active switch to the standby state, transition the standby switch to the active state.

Abstract: In general, embodiments described herein relate to methods and systems for automating the configuration of network devices. More specifically, embodiments of the invention relate to using configuration commands that specify protocol-specified relationships in order to generate granular (or specific) filtering rules (also referred to as rules). The rules are subsequently programmed into the network device.