Abstract: A method for forming a polymer with a decreased surface energy. The method comprises the steps of mixing from about 99.5% to about 95.0% of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin and polyester with from about 0.5% to about 5.0% of a surface modifying agent having the structure R.sup.1 --A--Si (R.sup.2 R.sup.3)--O--[Si(R.sup.4 R.sup.5)--O].sub.n --Si--(R.sup.6 R.sup.7)--A--R.sup.8, and forming the mix of polymer and additive to a desired form. R.sup.1 and R.sup.8 are selected from the group consisting of derivatives of aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic alcohols or mono-acids with a molecular weight of between about 250 to about 600 daltons, and A is selected from the group consisting of --O--, --NH--C(O)--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --, and --C(O)--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --. The agent is substantially intimately mixed with the polymer.

Abstract: The specification describes a process for making highly functionalized rosin ester resins; i.e., partially esterified rosin based resins. The resins are produced by reacting fortified rosin with a polyol at superatmospheric pressure in a closed reaction vessel while retaining at least a portion of the water formed during the esterification step in the reaction vessel, thereby limiting the reaction to a desired degree of partial esterification so that a relatively high degree of residual acid functionality is achieved in the final ester product. The process enables large scale production of resins with precise control of the degree of functionality of the resins thus produced. The products are particularly useful as binders in ink formulations.

Abstract: Repulpable, hot melt adhesives which are composed of approximately equal amounts of a tackifier (having an acid number greater than about 70) and a hydrophilic wax, with up to 9% of polymer. The hot melt compositions can contain up to 17% of polymer when the tackifier has a higher acid number of about 140.

Abstract: The specification discloses an aqueous dispersion for coatings consisting essentially of water and a water dispersible component, wherein the water dispersible component is provided by reacting maleic anhydride with a rosin ester to provide a maleated rosin ester, adding wax and preferably also an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer to the maleated rosin ester, and adding a tertiary amino alcohol to the mixture to yield the water dispersible component as a reaction product thereof. When used in a coating formulation for paper, clay and/or latex may be added to the formulation. In one preferred embodiment, the dispersion is applied as a coating to paper to enhance toner adhesion to the surface of the paper while also providing a relatively low friction surface.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for esterifying rosins with a polyol which comprises contacting rosin with the polyol in the presence of a bleaching mixture which includes both an alkaline earth hypophosphite and hypophosphorous acid and, preferably also, an organic sulfide, under esterification conditions to produce a rosin ester. The method enables production of rosin esters which have a color of less than about 5 Gardner neat. The preferred bleaching mixture includes from about 0.01% to about 0.10% of the alkaline earth hypophosphite and from about 0.10% to about 0.15% of active hypophosphorous acid, where the amounts are based on the weight of the rosin. The most preferred alkaline earth hypophosphite is calcium hypophosphite. The specification also describes a method for preparing an adhesive from the rosin ester.

Abstract: A method for forming a polymer with a decreased surface energy. The method comprises the steps of mixing from about 99.5% to about 95.0% of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyolefin and polyester with from about 0.5% to about 5.0% of a surface modifying agent having the structure R.sup.1 --A--Si(R.sup.2 R.sup.3)--O--[Si(R.sup.4 R.sup.5)--O].sub.n --Si--(R.sup.6 R.sup.7)--A--R.sup.8, and forming the mix of polymer and additive to a desired form. R.sup.1 and R.sup.8 are selected from the group consisting of derivatives of aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic alcohols or mono-acids with a molecular weight of between about 250 to about 600 daltons, and A is selected from the group consisting of --O--, --NH--C(O)--NH(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --, and --C(O)--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.3 --. The agent is substantially intimately mixed with the polymer.

Abstract: This invention provides a barrier film for packaging comprising:(a) a first layer containing a polyolefinic extrudate composed of a non-polar polyolefinic material containing an amount of an amphiphilic resin of the structureA-B-A'sufficient to modify the surface energy of the polyolefinic extrudate, wherein each of A and A' is selected from an essentially non-polar hydrocarbonous group and B is an essentially polar group derived from a telechelic diol, and wherein the amount of amphiphilic resin ranges from about 0.05 to about 10% by weight of the total weight of the first layer; and(b) a second layer composed of a more polar material than the first layer bonded to the first layer,wherein the barrier film contains from about 0.0127 to about 0.508 millimeters thickness of the first layer and from about 0.0127 to about 0.508 millimeters thickness of the second layer and wherein the bonding strength between the first and second layers is greater than about 50 N/m in the absence of a tie layer.

Abstract: A process for preparing a terpene-phenol resin with a softening point in the range of from about 80.degree. C. to about 110.degree. C. The method comprises preparing a reaction mixture including a terpene, phenol and a complex of boron trifluoride. The boron trifluoride complex is selected from the group consisting of a ether complex of boron trifluoride, wherein the ether has an molecular weight in the range of from about 46 to about 140, and an organic acid complex of boron trifluoride, wherein the organic acid has a molecular weight in the range of from about 46 to about 300. The reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature in the range of from about 50.degree. C. to about 90.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to produce the .alpha.-pinene-phenol resin which is then recovered from the reaction mixture. The terpene may be selected from the group consisting of .alpha.-pinene, .beta.-pinene, .delta.-3-carene, dipentene, limonene and mixtures of those terpenes.

Abstract: A process for producing a gelled ink vehicle for heatset printing including the sequential steps of first mixing a modified rosin ester and a liquid alkyd resin and a fatty acid ester solvent, reserving some of the solvent for later use, which is then heated and stirred until the modified rosin ester is dissolved. A gellant is optionally added, and the reaction mixture is maintained at temperature. A non-optional first gellant is then added to the reaction mixture. The reaction is allowed to progress, after which the balance of the solvent, which was withheld previously, is added. The vehicle is recovered from the reaction vessel. The process produces a vehicle that has a stronger gel structure than traditional ink vehicle gels.

Abstract: The specification discloses a method for making DCPD based resins that have relatively narrow molecular weight distributions. The method comprises thermally polymerizing dicyclopentadiene monomer in the presence of one or more strong acids, preferably with an olefinic modifier, to provide a dicyclopentadiene oligomer. Optionally, an organic sulfur species can also be used to further effect molecular weight control. For end-use performance in inks, adhesives, coatings and other related areas, the invention provides dicyclopentadiene oligomer resins having weight average molecular weights less than 1000 and relatively narrow molecular weight distributions, as measured by a polydispersity index, of less than about 2.3. Among the strong acids that are effective for controlling molecular weight, hypophosphorous acid is preferred because it gives light colored resins.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the surface energy of a surface of an organic polymeric material, particularly polyolefins. The method is comprised of blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of the polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 [CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 150 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are polar atoms or groups, R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: A method for bleaching hydrocarbon tackifier resins which comprises adding a bleaching agent to a molten resin and recovering a bleached hydrocarbon tackifier resin. The bleaching agent comprises from about 0.04 wt.% to about 0.06 wt.%, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, of an iodine supplying compound and from about 2.0 wt.% to about 10.0 wt.%, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, of an activating terpene compound. The iodine supplying compound is selected from the group consisting of elemental iodine and hydrogen iodide. The activating compound is selected from the group consisting of .alpha.-terpinene, .gamma.-terpinene, d-limonene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene and abietic acid.

Abstract: An adhesive tape is disclosed. The adhesive tape comprises a high surface energy polyolefin film in combination with a water-dispersed adhesive. The polyolefin is prepared by blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of a polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 [CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of O, --NR.sup.3 --, carboxyl and S, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: A method for bleaching hydrocarbon tackifier resins which comprises adding a bleaching agent to a molten resin and recovering a bleached hydrocarbon tackifier resin. The bleaching agent comprises from about 0.04 wt. % to about 0.06 wt. %, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, of an iodine supplying compound and from about 2.0 wt. % to about 10.0 wt. %, based on the weight of the reaction mixture, of an activating terpene compound. The iodine supplying compound is selected from the group consisting of elemental iodine and hydrogen iodide. The activating compound is selected from the group consisting of .alpha.-terpinene, .gamma.-terpinene, d-limonene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene and abietic acid.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the surface energy of a surface of an organic polymeric material, particularly polyolefins. The method is comprised of blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of the polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 [CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of O, and S, R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the surface energy of a surface of an organic polymeric material, particularly polyolefins. The method is comprised of blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of the polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 [CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 150 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are polar atoms or groups, R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the surface energy of a surface of an organic polymeric material, particularly polyolefins. The method is comprised of blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of the polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 [CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of O, and S, R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for increasing the surface energy of a surface of an organic polymeric material, particularly polyolefins. The method is comprised of blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of the polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 [CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 150 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are polar atoms or groups, R.sup.2 is selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: An adhesive tape is disclosed. The adhesive tape comprises a high surface energy polyolefin film in combination with a water-dispersed adhesive. The polyolefin is prepared by blending from about 99.5% to about 90.0% by weight of a polymeric material with from about 0.5% to about 10.0% by weight of an amphiphile having the formula:RA(CHR.sup.2 8 CH.sub.2 ].sub.n A.sup.1).sub.m R.sup.1where R and R.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of the alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, acyl and arylacyl derivatives of an aliphatic or aliphatic/aromatic mono-acid with a molecular weight of from about 200 to about 500 daltons, A and A.sup.1 are selected from the group consisting of O, --NR.sup.3 --, carboxyl and S, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are selected from the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3 and C.sub.2 H.sub.5, n is from 0 to 3 and m is from 2 to 20.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the polymerization or copolymerization of a monomer or blend of monomers selected from the group consisting of C-10 terpenes, vinyl aromatics and C-5 dienes that comprises complexing a Lewis acid with an organic ketone to produce a catalyst complex. The monomer or blend of monomers is added to the catalyst complex producing the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is maintained at a temperature of between 10.degree. C. and 60.degree. C. and, when the reaction is complete, is quenched with water. The polymerized or copolymerized resin is then recovered.