Abstract: A waste water filtration and sludge removal system for filtering and removing sludge materials suspended in water resulting from steel pickling and cleaning operations and the like. The system includes a trough-like filtering tank having weep holes along the lower edge draining into an inclined channel for capturing filtered water for reuse, and also includes a multiple layer filter bed containing an upper layer of fine jagged surfaced particles for capturing filtered sludge. The sludge layer deposited on the surface of the upper filter layer is periodically moved by means of an adjustable screed blade toward an elevated discharge station for removal from the tank without significantly disturbing the filter bed. The screed blade may be automatically raised out of contact with the sludge layer when operated in the reverse direction.

Abstract: Improved coupling means for pipe to provide a leak tight joint between abutting pipe sections. Each pipe section is provided with at least one annular, circumferentially continuous depression at each end thereof, the outside of the exterior surface in which said depression is formed providing continuous surface-to-surface seal with the coupling means about the entire circumference of the abutting pipe sections to be joined. The coupling means includes a first band encircling the adjacent ends of the pipe sections with the free ends thereof overlapping. A second band overlies and encircles the first band and means are provided for tensioning the ends of the second band together.

Abstract: A reference standard for calibrating ultrasonic flaw detection test equipment and the like. The standard comprises a substantially solid body having at least one surface adapted to be engaged by the test equipment and a void of known dimensions located within the body at a known distance from the test equipment engaging surface. The standard may be constructed of two or more substantially solid bodies, at least one of which contains an aperture of known dimensions, and at least one of which is of known length and contains a surface adapted to be engaged by the test equipment, the bodies being diffusion bonded together to substantially eliminate the bond line such that the aperture forms a void of known dimensions within the substantially solid body at a known distance from the equipment engaging surface. In one embodiment, test equipment may be dynamically calibrated by rotating the standard about its longitudinal axis to produce a dynamic calibrated signal.

Abstract: A composition which improves the hot strength of chemically bonded refractory shapes such as brick. The composition is comprised of refractory brickmaking size graded magnesia and chrome ore grain in a weight ratio between 90/10 and 30/70. The major portion of chrome ore grains must be smaller than 28 mesh; preferably, therefore, such chrome ore grains should be of a size that will pass 28 mesh screens and stay on 200 mesh screens. The lime (CaO) silica (SiO.sub.2) ratio is in the range of 0.2 to 2.5 depending on the total silica content of the system. Such silica content should never be more than about 2.5% by weight on the basis of an oxide analysis of the whole mix, but it may be as low as about 0.5% on the same basis. When the silica content is low (0.5 to 1.3%), the lime/silica ratio may be either high (1.8 to 2.5) or low (0.2 to 1.0). When, however, the silica content is high (1.4 to 2.5%), the lime/silica ratio must be low (0.2 to 1.0).

Abstract: An improved sealing means for use with a slide gate which is slidably mounted for opening and closing movement relative to a seat forming frame defining a fluid flow orifice. The sealing means comprises a resilient sealing member adapted to be received in a groove in the frame, the groove having an outer compartment in which the body of the sealing member is sealed and an inner compartment underlying the outer compartment, the sealing member having an outwardly projecting contoured face adapted to be contacted and displaced laterally inwardly by the gate as it is closed, the lateral displacement of the face of the sealing member causing a rear portion of its body to be displaced into the inner compartment of the groove, thereby accommodating the sealing member to the slide and relieving forces acting to shear the sealing member.

Abstract: A method, and an apparatus for practicing the method, for producing heavy pure aluminum coatings on small diameter steel tubing are disclosed. The coating has an average thickness of 0.004 inch to 0.008 inch (100-200 .mu.m), to provide outstanding resistance to corrosion, and to maintain integrity in the face of abrasive action, and with coating ductility and adherence sufficient to permit double flaring. The method and apparatus are highly useful in the manufacture of Bundyweld tubing for automotive brake lines, and single wall tubing for refrigeration or air conditioner heat exchangers. Various surface preparations are disclosed; and after surface preparation the tube is uniformly heated to a carefully regulated peak temperature in a non-oxidizing high intensity direct fired furnace, followed by passing the tube vertically upward through a shallow pool of molten aluminum, whereby to cast on a thick coating, followed by "free exit" finishing, air quenching, and, if desired, redrawing.

Abstract: Apparatus for finishing a molten metallic coating on metallic strip and sheet comprising means for removing excess molten coating metal by impinging an elongated jet of gas under pressure on opposite sides of the strip and sheet substantially normal thereto. An improved nozzle of high efficiency is disclosed having an elongated plenum chamber communicating directly with a pair of elongated converging lips defining an orifice of about 0.03 to about 0.20 inch, the interior surface of the plenum chamber merging smoothly into each lip with a radius of curvature substantially equal to the orifice opening. The near-field region of the nozzle is about 8-10 times the orifice opening.

Abstract: Method and means for continuously contact-coating one side only of a ferrous base metal strip with a molten coating metal. One or more roll means are provided to conduct the strip surface to be coated above the surface of a bath of the molten coating metal. The strip surface to be coated is caused to travel sufficiently close to the molten coating metal bath surface that the surface tension and wetting characteristics of the coating metal will permit the formation of a meniscus which will continuously contact and coat the strip surface. The coating is subjected to jet finishing. The strip is maintained in a protective non-oxidizing atmosphere at least until the one side thereof is coated. Alternatively, at least that side of the strip to be coated with the molten coating metal is coated with a flux which remains on the strip until contacted by the coating metal meniscus.

Abstract: In a line for coating a ferrous base metal strip with a molten coating metal, the line being of the type having a preparation furnace for the strip comprising a direct fired furnace, a controlled atmosphere heating furnace, one or more cooling chambers and a snout leading beneath the surface of the molten coating metal bath, all in sealed relationship to each other, the improvement comprising a method and means for maintaining a non-oxidizing atmosphere at positive pressure within the entire preparation furnace during line stop. To this end, a retractable, refractory lined door means is provided in the conduit between the direct fired furnace and its exhaust fan to seal off the direct fired furnace from its exhaust fan and an air dilution opening in that conduit. Additionally, means are provided to add excess nitrogen flow to the preparation furnace to maintain a positive pressure therein.

Abstract: The pipe coupling includes coupling means overlying and engaging pipe end retainer rings on the juxtaposed ends of two lengths of pipe to be joined. The coupling means includes a band of generally U-shaped cross section having a wide base portion and in-turned legs. A gasket is positioned so as to form a seal between the retainer rings and the band. The free ends of the band are adapted to butt together, and means are provided to secure the free ends of the band together and to tighten the coupling means about the pipe end retainer rings so as to provide a leak tight joint.

Abstract: A through conduit gate valve having a carrier frame shiftable vertically in a valve chamber with gates mounted in the carrier frame as to be shiftable vertically in the carrier frame and as to be shiftable away from each other in the carrier frame. Means are provided on the carrier frame and on the gates to shift the gates toward valve seats and away from each other when the carrier frame is in the open and closed positions and to permit the gates to shift toward each other when the carrier frame is being shifted between its open and closed positions.

Abstract: An austenitic stainless steel which in wrought or cast, and annealed, condition exhibits excellent galling resistance, excellent stress corrosion resistance in chloride-containing environments, good resistance against intergranular corrosion, good high temperature oxidation resistance, and a high work hardening rate. The broad composition range is, in weight percent, about 13% to about 19% chromium, about 13% to about 19% nickel, 0.5% to about 4% manganese, 3.5% to about 7% silicon, up to about 0.15% carbon, less than 0.04% nitrogen, about 0.05% maximum phosphorus, about 0.05% maximum sulfur, and balance essentially iron except for incidental impurities. The steel can be readily worked with conventional equipment and has particular utility for applications in which moving metal-to-metal contact, corrosive attack and/or elevated temperature are encountered in combination. The steel can also be cast into articles of ultimate use, or utilized in power metallurgy techniques.

Abstract: A concealed fastener clip for attaching a plurality of panels disposed in an edge-to-edge relationship to a support frame. The concealed fastener comprises a body portion of generally C-shaped cross section which generally follows the annular space between edges of adjacent panels. One edge of the body portion of the fastener comprises a standoff leg terminating in a lateral flange, and means are provided to secure the lateral flange to the support frame when the fastener is sandwiched between abutting panels.

Abstract: A method of surface treatment of aluminum-killed and low alloy steel strip and sheet for fluxless hot dip metallic coating which comprises heating the steel in a furnace atmosphere containing the hot gaseous combustion products of air with a sulfur bearing gaseous fuel including 5 to 1600 grains of sulfur per 100 cubic feet of fuel wherein the atmosphere includes sulfur compounds and from about 6% free oxygen to about 7% by volume excess combustibles whereby to form a sulfur and oxygen rich film on the steel surfaces, passing the steel into a further heating section wherein it is brought to a maximum temperature of about 593.degree. to about 927.degree. C. in a reducing atmosphere containing at least 10% hydrogen by volume, passing the steel into a cooling section having an atmosphere containing at least 10% hydrogen and the balance nitrogen whereby to reduce the sulfur and oxygen rich film to a metallic iron surface, and cooling the steel approximately to the temperature of the molten coating metal bath.

Abstract: A method for finishing molten metallic coatings applied to iron and steel strip by the use of an elongate, laminar flow fluid jet, which jet is used to control thickness and quality of the finished coating.The narrow dimension of the fluid jet is contoured across the strip width to produce the desired coating weight at all parts of the strip and to produce a coated strip edge free from excessively heavy coatings and/or oxide "berries.

Abstract: A process of producing non-aging, low carbon steel having substantially no yield point elongation in the annealed condition and freedom from critical grain growth. A molten steel having an analysis typical of steel intended for rimmed or killed drawing steel is vacuum degassed to decarburize to a maximum carbon content of about 0.015%, and columbium (niobium) is added in an amount at least sufficient to combine with the carbon present in the steel. The cast material is hot rolled, finishing at 1500.degree. - 1700.degree. F (about 1090.degree. - 1200.degree. K) and coiled at a temperature of about 1500.degree. F (about 1090.degree. K) or less. The columbium addition retards the rate of recrystallization of the cold rolled product, and a wide spectrum of mechanical properties can be obtained in the final product by control of the final annealing time and temperature within the range of 1000.degree. to 1700.degree. F (about 810.degree. to 1200.degree. K).

Abstract: A method of preparing the surfaces of steel strip and sheet stock for fluxless hot dip coating with molten metal by passing the stock through a first heating zone containing the hot gaseous products of combustion of a sulfur-bearing gaseous fuel with air, continuing the heating in a further heating zone, and cooling the stock approximately to the temperature of the molten coating metal in a reducing atmosphere. The radiant energy absorptivity of the stock is increased by forming a visible sulfur and oxygen rich layer thereon in the first heating zone and preserving the layer throughout the further heating zone. Coke oven gas may be used as fuel in the first heating zone.

Abstract: A method of improving the surface insulation resistance of electrical steels having an insulative coating thereon by subjecting the electrical steels to electrochemical treatment as part of the routing thereof, to remove small metallic nodules, particles and the like extending through or protruding above the insulative coating. Following the electrochemical treatment, the electrical steels are rinsed and dried.

Abstract: A dual track system whereby a transfer car can be turned at least 90.degree. in a minimum amount of space. The track system comprises a first set of parallel railroad-type rails of a standard size and cross section for the wheels of the lead truck of a transfer car and a second set of parallel railroad-type rails of the same size and cross section for the wheels of the following truck of the same transfer car. The first and second sets of rails are parallel to each other and overlapped with the right hand rails of each set lying in close proximity to each other and the left hand rails of each set lying in close proximity to each other. At the point where the transfer car is to begin its 90.degree.

Abstract: A high temperature continuous strip anneal is added to the routings for both high permeability cube-on-edge oriented silicon steel having a permeability at 796 A/m of more than about 1850 and regular cube-on-edge oriented silicon steel having a permeability at 796 A/m of less than about 1850. For both grades of cube-on-edge oriented silicon steel the high temperature anneal is performed after the decarburization step and before the final high temperature box anneal during which the final desired orientation and magnetic characteristics are achieved. The post decarburization anneal results in improvements in both permeability and core loss.