Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to be embodied as a natural language document orchestrator. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating natural language text. The method of this embodiment may also include executing document orchestration requests from a scripted input language file.

Abstract: Embodiments provide for improved data sequence validity processing, for example to determine validity of sentences or other language within a particular language domain. Such improved processing is useful at least for arranging data sequences based on determined validity, and/or making determinations and/or performing actions based on the determined validity. A determined probability (e.g., transformed into the perplexity space) of each token appearing in a data sequence is used in any of a myriad of manners to perform such data sequence validity processing. Example embodiments provide for generating a perplexity value set for each data sequence in a plurality of data sequences, generating a probabilistic ranking set for the plurality of data sequences based on the perplexity value sets and at least one sequence ranking metric, and generating an arrangement of the plurality of data sequences based on the probabilistic ranking set.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to express a linguistic description of set of points within a spatial area in an output text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating one or more descriptors and/or one or more combinations of descriptors that are configured to linguistically describe at least a portion of a set of points within a spatial area. The method of this embodiment may also include scoring each of the one or more descriptors and/or one or more combinations of the one or more descriptors. The method of this embodiment may also include selecting a descriptor or combination of descriptors that has the highest score when compared to other descriptors or combination of descriptors, providing the descriptor or combination of descriptors satisfies a threshold.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and computer program products for interactive reports are disclosed herein. In some examples, a method for generating an output report that is an interactive report may include identifying one or more messages to be hyperlinked in an output report, wherein the one or more messages are data structures that are configured to linguistically describe at least a portion of raw input data; determining one or more interactive responses based on the one or more messages to be hyperlinked; determining one or more words in a phrase specification that are related to the one or more messages to be hyperlinked; and generating the output report, wherein the one or more words are hyperlinked in the output report such that when selected at least one of the one or more interactive responses is performed.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to be embodied as a natural language document orchestrator. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating natural language text. The method of this embodiment may also include executing document orchestration requests from a scripted input language file.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to express a time in an output text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises identifying a time period to be described linguistically in an output text. The method of this embodiment may also include identifying a communicative context for the output text. The method of this embodiment may also include determining one or more temporal reference frames that are applicable to the time period and a domain defined by the communicative context. The method of this embodiment may also include generating a phrase specification that linguistically describes the time period based on the descriptor that is defined by a temporal reference frame of the one or more temporal reference frames. In some examples, the descriptor specifies a time window that is inclusive of at least a portion of the time period to be described linguistically.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to be embodied as a natural language document orchestrator. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating natural language text. The method of this embodiment may also include executing document orchestration requests from a scripted input language file.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to enable updating of an output text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating a new message for each updateable data element based on a predetermined indication. The method of this embodiment may also include determining a classification for each new message by comparing each new message with a corresponding message that describes the updateable data element. The method of this embodiment may also include generating an additional document plan tree that contains at least a portion of the new messages. The method of this embodiment may also include combining the additional document plan tree with an original document plan tree.

Abstract: Example methods include converting received context information into a query to retrieve relevant data from a data repository, wherein the received context information defines a feature set. The method further includes retrieving a data set from the data repository, wherein the data set comprises data corresponding to the query. The example methods further include generating a set of messages that describe at least one linguistically describable trend in the data set, wherein the set of messages is instantiated based at least in part on the data set. The example methods further include generating a context-specific report about the feature set A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are provided.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for describing motion. The method may include receiving a set of eventualities (114). The set of eventualities (114) may describe at least one of a domain event and a domain state. The at least one of the domain event and the domain state may be derived from a set of spatio-temporal data (102) and the set of eventualities (114) may be associated with a particular region and a particular time period. The method may include organizing the set of eventualities to generate a document plan. The method may further include generating, using a processor, a linguistic representation of the set of eventualities using the document plan.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to express a time in an output text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises identifying a time period to be described linguistically in an output text. The method of this embodiment may also include identifying a communicative context for the output text. The method of this embodiment may also include determining one or more temporal reference frames that are applicable to the time period and a domain defined by the communicative context. The method of this embodiment may also include generating a phrase specification that linguistically describes the time period based on the descriptor that is defined by a temporal reference frame of the one or more temporal reference frames. In some examples, the descriptor specifies a time window that is inclusive of at least a portion of the time period to be described linguistically.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program product are described herein configured to transform an input model into a format that can be expressed causally in one or more phrases with a narrative representation. The methods, apparatuses, and computer program product may be configured to obtain the input model representing a data set composed of a plurality of nodes, a plurality of edges, and a plurality of paths and identify a path of maximal significance. The methods, apparatuses, and computer program product include identifying a subset of nodes from the plurality of nodes and a subset of edges from the plurality of edges associated with the path of maximal significance. The methods, apparatuses, and computer program product are configured to generate, using a natural language generation system, one or more phrases with a narrative representation describing the subset of nodes and the subset of edges associated with the path of maximal significance.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to be embodied as a natural language realizer in the form of a lightweight multilingual realizer. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating syntactically correct natural language. The method of this embodiment may also include at a syntax processor, propagating features among a group of words, and adding closed class function words and morphological inflections.

Abstract: Various methods are provided for generating and annotating a graph. One example method may include determining one or more key patterns in a primary data channel, wherein the primary data channel is derived from raw input data in response to a constraint being satisfied. A method may further include determining one or more significant patterns in one or more related data channels. A method may further include generating a natural language annotation for at least one of the one or more key patterns or the one or more significant patterns. A method may further include generating a graph that is configured to be displayed in a user interface, the graph having at least a portion of the one or more key patterns, the one or more significant patterns and the natural language annotation.

Abstract: Image analysis techniques may be employed to identify moving and/or static object within a sequence of spatial data frames (102, 300). Attributes of interest may be identified within a sequence of spatial data frames (102, 300). The attributes of interest may be clustered and examined across frames of the spatial data to detect motion vectors. A system (200) may derive information about these attributes of interest and their motion over time and identify moving and/or static objects, and the moving and/or static objects may be used to generate natural language messages describing the motion of the attributes of interest. Example uses include description of moving and/or static objects in data such as weather data, oil spills, cellular growth (e.g., tumor progression), atmospheric conditions (e.g., the size of a hole in the ozone layer), or any other implementation where it may be desirable to detect motion vectors in a sequence of spatial data frames.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to be embodied as and/or performed by a document planner. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises selecting a schema based on one or more messages available in a message store and using the selected schema and one or more messages available in the message store to generate a document plan. The schema of this embodiment may be defined by a specification containing one or more queries for selecting one or more messages, one or more messages, and/or one or more predefined phrases to instantiate a document plan. The method of this embodiment may also include applying an optimization specification to the document plan to generate an optimized document plan.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to generate a situational analysis text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating a set of messages based on one or more key events in a primary data channel and one or more significant events in one or more related data channels in response to an alert condition. The method of this embodiment may also include generating a situational analysis text based on the set of messages and the relationships between them. In some example embodiments, the situational analysis text is configured to linguistically express the one or more key events, the one or more significant events, and the relationships between the one or more key events and the one or more significant events.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to generate an operator text in response to an alarm that is either received from an alarm or alert system or that is self-generated based on an analysis of one or more data feeds. The method of an example embodiment may include determining whether an operator text is to be generated in response to a received alert condition by performing data analysis operations comprising: analyzing, using a processor, a primary data feed and at least one confirmatory data feed to identify one or more features; and determining based on the detection of a feature in the primary data feed or the at least one confirmatory data feed satisfies at least one predetermined constraint. The method may further include generating an output text that is displayable in a user interface that describes at least a diagnosis for the feature that satisfied that at least one predetermined constraint.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to be embodied as and/or performed by a document planner. In some examples, a method is provided for generating a document plan. The method may include receiving a document plan template and a message store. The document plan template may include program code defining the structure and content of a document plan. The method may also include processing, by a processor, the document plan template to determine one or more messages from the message store for inclusion in the document plan. The method may also include generating the document plan. A structure and a content of the document plan may be determined at least based on the determined one or more messages and the document plan template. Apparatuses and computer readable media are also provided.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to enable updating of an output text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises generating a new message for each updateable data element based on a predetermined indication. The method of this embodiment may also include determining a classification for each new message by comparing each new message with a corresponding message that describes the updateable data element. The method of this embodiment may also include generating an additional document plan tree that contains at least a portion of the new messages. The method of this embodiment may also include combining the additional document plan tree with an original document plan tree.