Abstract: An intervertebral implant can include a housing having a first end and second end with a top side and bottom side therebetween, with at least one engagement opening in the top side and/or bottom side, the implant having a first dimension from the top side to the bottom side; a shaft rotatably located within the housing and having a shaft head exposed through an end opening in the first end, the shaft head having a tool coupling member; the cam mechanism operably coupled with the shaft such that rotation of the shaft rotates the cam mechanism; and at least one engaging surface operably coupled to the cam mechanism such that rotation of the shaft protrudes and/or retracts each engaging surface through an engagement opening, wherein when each engaging surface protrudes through the engagement opening, the implant has a second dimension that is greater than the first dimension.

Abstract: An intervertebral spacer implant can include: a plurality of links, each link having a hole bored along an axis of said link and said hole of each link of said plurality of links aligns to form a channel bored through said plurality of links, wherein a first link of said plurality of links is pivotally engaged to a second link of said plurality of links. The implant can include an elongated member, such as a guide wire, adapted to retain said plurality of links, wherein said elongated member is configured to mate with each said hole of each link of said plurality of links. At least one link of the plurality of links includes a body having one or more textured sides. The elongated member is adapted to allow said plurality of links to rotatably articulate with respect to one another, such as by a hinge.

Abstract: An intervertebral implant can include: a tapered arcuate shape. The implant can include a solid non-elastic portion. The implant can include an implant-suitable material. The implant can be at least partially porous, and optionally, the pores can be filed with a biodegradable material that can include one or more active agents, such as growth factors. The implant can be formed from a hybrid of at least two implant-suitable materials. The implant can include a body having a rounded surface and a substantially flat surface. Optionally, the substantially flat surface can be opposite of the rounded surface. The rounded surface and substantially flat surface can extend from a base to a tip of the tapered arcuate shape. The base may be substantially flat, where the tip can be rounded. The tapered arcuate shape can extend from a substantially flat base and curve to a tip of the arc.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided to manipulate and revitalize a spinal column disc while minimizing or preventing the removal of material comprising the disc. The method allows a device to be inserted in the disc either through a pre-existing rupture or through an opening formed in the front, back, or sides of the disc. Increasing the space between the vertebra bounding the disc or removing disc material often is not necessary to insert the device in the disc. The device generates internal traction or other forces acting on the disc to alter the shape of the disc. The shape of the disc is altered to relieve pressure on nerves adjacent the disc. The shape of the disc is also altered to draw nuclear hernias back into the interior of the disc and to produce a disc shape that improves functioning of the disc.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided to manipulate and revitalize a spinal column disc while minimizing or preventing the removal of material comprising the disc. The method allows a device to be inserted in the disc either through a pre-existing rupture or through an opening formed in the front, back, or sides of the disc. Increasing the space between the vertebra bounding the disc or removing disc material often is not necessary to insert the device in the disc. The device generates internal traction or other forces acting on the disc to alter the shape of the disc. The shape of the disc is altered to relieve pressure on nerves adjacent the disc. The shape of the disc is also altered to draw nuclear hernias back into the interior of the disc and to produce a disc shape that improves functioning of the disc.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided to manipulate and revitalize a spinal column disc while minimizing or preventing the removal of material comprising the disc. The method allows a device to be inserted in the disc either through a pre-existing rupture or through an opening formed in the front, back, or sides of the disc. Increasing the space between the vertebra bounding the disc or removing disc material often is not necessary to insert the device in the disc. The device generates internal traction or other forces acting on the disc to alter the shape of the disc. The shape of the disc is altered to relieve pressure on nerves adjacent the disc. The shape of the disc is also altered to draw nuclear hernias back into the interior of the disc and to produce a disc shape that improves functioning of the disc.

Abstract: An intervertebral implant can include a housing having a first end and second end with a top side and bottom side therebetween, with at least one engagement opening in the top side and/or bottom side, the implant having a first dimension from the top side to the bottom side; a shaft rotatably located within the housing and having a shaft head exposed through an end opening in the first end, the shaft head having a tool coupling member; the cam mechanism operably coupled with the shaft such that rotation of the shaft rotates the cam mechanism; and at least one engaging surface operably coupled to the cam mechanism such that rotation of the shaft protrudes and/or retracts each engaging surface through an engagement opening, wherein when each engaging surface protrudes through the engagement opening, the implant has a second dimension that is greater than the first dimension.

Abstract: An implant can include: a first implant body having one or more locking tabs and a second implant body having one or more locking receptacles containing the locking tabs of the first implant body so as to couple the first implant body with the second implant body. The first implant body can include a plurality of locking tabs received into a plurality of locking recesses. The locking tabs can be interlocking tabs that have tab heads with cross-sectional profiles larger than tab stems, and the locking receptacles are interlocking receptacles with shapes that conform with the interlocking tabs. The first implant body and second implant body can be coupled in a sandwich format, in a train format, or in a clamshell format. The first implant body can include a top portion and bottom portion that receive the second implant body therebetween.

Abstract: An optical intervertebral implantation system can be used for a method of implanting an intervertebral implant into an intervertebral space with visualization. The system can include an elongate light guide and an intervertebral implant operably coupled with the elongate light guide. The elongate light guide can be configured as a guide wire and received through an aperture of the implant. The elongate light guide can be configured as a guide wire and the implant is received over and slides along on outside surface of the elongate light guide. The elongate light guide can be configured as a cannula having an internal conduit and the implant is received within the conduit. The elongate light guide can be configured as a cannula with an internal conduit and the implant is slidably coupled with an internal surface of the internal conduit of the cannula.

Abstract: An intervertebral implant can include: a tapered arcuate shape. The implant can include a solid non-elastic portion. The implant can include an implant-suitable material. The implant can be at least partially porous, and optionally, the pores can be filed with a biodegradable material that can include one or more active agents, such as growth factors. The implant can be formed from a hybrid of at least two implant-suitable materials. The implant can include a body having a rounded surface and a substantially flat surface. Optionally, the substantially flat surface can be opposite of the rounded surface. The rounded surface and substantially flat surface can extend from a base to a tip of the tapered arcuate shape. The base may be substantially flat, where the tip can be rounded. The tapered arcuate shape can extend from a substantially flat base and curve to a tip of the arc.

Abstract: An intervertebral spacer implant can include: a plurality of links, each link having a hole bored along an axis of said link and said hole of each link of said plurality of links aligns to form a channel bored through said plurality of links, wherein a first link of said plurality of links is pivotally engaged to a second link of said plurality of links. The implant can include an elongated member, such as a guide wire, adapted to retain said plurality of links, wherein said elongated member is configured to mate with each said hole of each link of said plurality of links. At least one link of the plurality of links includes a body having one or more textured sides. The elongated member is adapted to allow said plurality of links to rotatably articulate with respect to one another, such as by a hinge.

Abstract: A method of implanting an intervertebral implant with differentiation of tissue includes: providing electromagnetic radiation into an intervertebral space; visualizing a first color of a first tissue portion located at the intervertebral space, the first color being in response to the provided electromagnetic radiation; visualizing a second color of a second tissue portion located at the intervertebral space, the second color being differentiated from the first color in response to the provided electromagnetic radiation, wherein the first tissue portion and second tissue portion are both substantially similar under normal ambient light; visualizing damage to an intervertebral disc between adjacent vertebras from the first color and the second color; and inserting an intervertebral implant into the intervertebral space.