Abstract: A focusing apparatus for a surveying instrument including an objective lens, a focusing lens and a reticle. The focusing lens is movable in an optical axis direction, by a rotating shaft member which is rotated by a motor, to form an image, of an object to be surveyed, on the reticle. Means for detecting a focus state of the object image and for controlling the motor in accordance with the detected focus state are provided. A focusing knob, coaxial with the rotating shaft member, and movable in an axial direction thereof is also provided. A plurality of clutches disengageably engages the focusing knob or the motor with the rotating shaft member, according to an axial movement of the focusing knob.

Abstract: An electronic still camera having a first switch for selecting either a field record mode or a frame record mode, and a second switch for selecting either a normal mode or a high-band mode, further includes a control circuit which sets the frame record mode either when the high-band mode is selected by the second switch, or when the high-band mode is selected by the second switch and the field record mode is selected by the first switch, in the latter case optionally switching to the frame record mode only if no recording operation is performed during a predetermined time period.

Abstract: A character generation system, in which multiple operations are performed in parallel to achieve higher-speed processing, includes a circuit for converting character contour data into coordinate axis data, a circuit for generating dot data expressive of the contour from the coordinate axis data, a circuit for sorting the coordinate axis data in a prescribed sequence and a circuit for performing image drawing operations in correspondence with the sorted data. At least two of these circuits include sufficient channels to permit the performance of their designated functions in parallel. The required image drawing time is reduced by a decrease in the required number of accesses to a bit map using a polygon approach to character generation.

Abstract: A built-in flash system is disclosed which includes a housing chamber provided in the upper front of a penta-house of a finder optical system, and a casing provided in the housing chamber and having a flashlight emitter arranged so as to be movable between a projecting position where the casing is projected for light emission and a housing position where the casing is housed in said housing chamber, the casing is arranged to be moved between the projecting position and the housing position by a linkage mechanisms disposed at the sides of said built-in flash system.

Abstract: A composition for forming a calcium phosphate type setting material comprising(1) powder comprising at least one of .alpha.-tricalcium phosphate and tetracalcium phosphate; and(2) a setting solution comprising an aqueous acidic solution having dissolved therein at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl chitin, glycol chitin, pullulan, high methoxy-pectin and chitosan in such an amount that the setting solution has a viscosity of 70 cp or more, anda process for producing a calcium phosphate type setting material using such a composition.

Abstract: A movable member positioning mechanism in which the number of components of lock and click mechanisms is decreased, and the number of assembling steps is decreased accordingly.

Abstract: The improved zoom lens system includes, in order from the object side, a first lens group having a positive power, a second and a third lens group each having a negative power and a fourth lens group having an overall positive power, the fourth lens group being composed of a first sub-group 4a and a second sub-group 4b, which zoom lens system performs zooming by moving the second lens group relative to the overall system, the third lens group being moved relative to the overall system in operative association with the zooming so as to correct the shifting of the image plane due to the zooming which zoom lens system satisfies specific conditions.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes, in order from the object side, the first lens group having a positive focal length and the second lens group having a negative focal length. The system performs zooming by changing the distance between the first and second lens groups. The first lens group has a negative lens element on the side closest to the object that has a concave surface of large curvature directed towards the image plane and the first lens group satisfies the specific conditions.

Abstract: A light source control device for an endoscope having a light source for emitting light to be incident on a light guide, a stop mechanism for varying the quantity of light to be incident on the light guide by interrupting an optical path of light, and a control device for controlling an opening of the stop mechanism. The stop mechanism includes a sensing device for sensing the opening of the stop mechanism and outputting a sensing signal to the control device. Further, the stop mechanism includes a shaft and a stop blade rotatably supported on the shaft and being disposed in the optical path such that the quantity of light passing thereby is varied by rotating the blade. The sensing device includes an arc-shaped plate fixed to the shaft and having a radius which varies in proportion to the change in arc angle, and a sensor having an opening for receiving the circumferential edge of the arc-shaped plate to sense the amount of light which passes through the opening.

Abstract: A zoom lens system for a compact camera, having a zoom ratio of approximately 2 or 3 and a smaller overall lens length at the telephoto end than the focal distance at the telephoto end, and which optically experiences only a small focus shift due to environmental changes such as temperature or humidity. The zoom lens system includes a positive lens group and a negative lens group. A positive plastic lens element is disposed in either the positive lens group or the negative lens group. The magnification of the system is adjusted by varying the distance between the positive and negative lens groups. The zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions:0.9<f.sub.t /f.sub.p <1.6 (1)0.6<m.sub.p '-m.sub.p <1.2 (2)2.9<m.sub.MAX <4.0 (3)where f.sub.t is the focal length of the overall system at the telephoto end, f.sub.p is the focal length of the positive plastic lens element, m.sub.

Abstract: An autofocusable soft focus lens system includes a movable front lens group having a positive power, and a stationary rear lens group having a negative power.

Abstract: Column packing materials useful in applications such as liquid chromatography, as well as a process for producing such a packing material are described. A first aspect of the invention concerns a column packing material composed of a spherical substrate having a coating of a calcium phosphate based compound on the surface thereof.A second aspect of the invention concerns a packing material comprising porous calcium phosphate based granules having open pores with an average pore size of from 0.01 to 20 .mu.m, said granules being composed of crystalline particles with an average size of from 0.1 to 10 .mu.m.A third aspect of the invention concerns a spherical packing material for liquid chromatography comprising spherical particles of at least one material selected from the group consisting of Ca.sub.10 (PO.sub.4).sub.6 (OH).sub.2, Ca.sub.3 (PO.sub.4).sub.2, Ca.sub.2 P.sub.2 O.sub.7, Ca(PO.sub.3).sub.2, Ca.sub.10 (PO.sub.4).sub.6 F.sub.2 and Ca.sub.10 (PO.sub.4).sub.6 Cl.sub.