Abstract: A process for producing calcium phosphate ceramics having a porous surface is described, which comprise the steps of:a) preparing untreated calcium phosphate ceramics, which comprises a mixture of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, andb) treating said untreated ceramics with an acidic solution to selectively dissolve the tricalcium phosphate in the surface of the ceramics.

Abstract: A table assembly that is simple in construction and which yet resists yawing in an effective way and is adapted for use with a scanning pattern drawing apparatus which involves continuous movements of the table. The inventive table assembly includes a master table that is slidable in one direction with respect to a fixed portion of the overall assembly and to which a drive force for causing the table to slide in the one direction is transmitted directly, and a working table that is slidable in the one direction with respect to the fixed portion and which is linked to the master table by connecting means having rigidity in the one direction and elasticity in a direction perpendicular to the one direction.

Abstract: A light source control apparatus comprises light source means for producing first and second beams, a first scan surface to which the first beam is applied, a second surface to which the second beam is applied, scanning means for causing the first and second beams to scan the first and second surfaces, respectively, a fluorescent optical fiber disposed along a scanning direction of the second beam for emitting fluorescent light in response to the second beam incident thereto and transmitting the fluorescent light, and photodetecting means for detecting the fluorescent light. A part of the outer surface of the fluorescent optical fiber can be the second scan surface which has alternately arranged transparent regions and opaque regions, thereby further reducing the number of components of the apparatus.

Abstract: A range finder for an automatic camera in which the average total power required for driving the ranging light source is significantly reduced. In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, the intensity of the light emitted by the ranging light source is controlled in accordance with the detected intensity of the reflected light in such a manner that the intensity of light emitted by the light source is reduced to the minimum necessary for carrying out distance calculations. In accordance with a second aspect of the invention, the number of pulses of light emitted from the ranging light source is controlled in accordance with the detected reflected light intensity so that a minimum number of light pulses is emitted consistent with the minimum necessary for carrying out distance calculations.

Abstract: An optical scanning apparatus has a semiconductor laser which produces a divergent beam of light. A collimator lens makes the beam of light parallel, a cylindrical lens shapes the beam, and a polygonal deflector deflects the beam through a scanning lens and onto a rotating drum containing an exposure plane. The amount of light reflected back into the semiconductor laser is reduced by forming a slit either inside of the collimator lens or inside of a housing of the cylindrical lens.

Abstract: A data imprinting device for a camera is provided which imprints symbolic data on a part of a photographing film. The data imprinting device comprises an object luminance photometric sensor for detecting luminance of an object in the vicinity of a symbolic data imprinting area, and a light emitting means including a light source for imprinting symbolic data in a photographing film. The brightness of the light source is controllable. In addition the device comprises a control means for controlling the brightness of the light source in the light emitting means according to the luminance of the object in the vicinity of the symbolic data imprinting area which is detected by the object luminance photometric sensor. In a second embodiment, the quantity of light emitted by the printing section is controlled according to the relationship between the detected luminance of the symbolic data imprinting area and the detected luminance of the areas other than the symbolic data imprinting area.

Abstract: Ceramic composite comprising a porous ceramic body having directly fitted thereon a dense ceramic body, the composite is produced by a process which comprises the steps of: separately producing the porous ceramic body and the dense ceramic body, inserting a projecting portion of the dense body into a bore portion of the porous body, and simultaneously sintering both the dense and porous bodies at a sintering temperature. The ceramic composite has excellent properties such as heat resistance, resistance to thermal cycle, water resistance and in vivo compatibility, and therefore is particularly useful as an implant material such as an artificial tooth root, an artificial bone and a percutaneous device.

Abstract: An automatic focusing compact camera is provided with a pupil surface processing type focus detecting element. The detecting element has a plurality of units,each including a first light receiving element and a second light receiving element. The detecting element also includes a reimaging lens associated with the light receiving elements.

Abstract: A motor driven camera having a motor for winding a film includes a pulse generator which generates one pulse for every perforation of the film in association with feeding of the film, a pulse counter for counting the number of pulses generated by the pulse generator, and a motor control circuit which stops the motor when the pulse counter counts pulses.

Abstract: A motor driven camera having a back cover switch which is actuated when a back cover of a camera is closed and a winding-on mechanism which advances the film by a predetermined number of frames when the back cover switch is operated by the back cover, the improvement comprising a winding-on operation memory for memorizing the operation of the winding-on mechanism, a film detector for detecting the presence of film and a film idle-advancing device for advancing the film by a less number of frames only when the winding-on operation memorizing means memorizes the operation of the winding-on mechanism, when the film detector detects the presence of film and when the back cover switch is actuated by the back cover which is closed.

Abstract: In a camera, a shutter unit is mounted to a movable lens system for movement therewith along an optical axis. An annular member is arranged between the shutter unit and a camera body, for moving the shutter unit. A control signal from a control unit within the camera body is supplied to the shutter unit through a flexible element. The flexible element is turned back plurality of times within a space defined by the annular member so as to have at least two first and second turned-back portions spaced away from each other along the optical axis, whereby the flexible element has at least three sections including a first section extending between the shutter unit and the first turned-back portion, a second section extending between the first and second turned-back portions, and a third section extending between the second turned-back portion and the control unit. These sections overlap with each other in a direction normal to the optical axis.

Abstract: A camera comprising a zoom lens having a variable power lens group for varying the focal length, a zoom strobe device having an illumination angle varying member, a zoom motor for driving the variable power lens group, and an illumination angle varying mechanism which drives the illumination angle varying member in association with the zooming operation of the zoom lens to vary the illumination angle. The zoom strobe device has a movable strobe housing, in which a light emitting portion is housed. The strobe housing is movable between an inoperative position in which the strobe housing is retracted in a camera body and an operative position in which the strobe housing is projected outward from the camera body. The zooming operation is transmitted to the illumination angle varying member only when the strobe housing is in the operative position.

Abstract: An automatic focusing projector has a reflector which includes a semispherical mirror and a semielliptical mirror in combination, and a contrast chart having a contrast pattern associated with the reflector. The first focal point of the semielliptical mirror is identical to the center of the semispherical mirror. The contrast pattern is located between the first and second focal points of the semielliptical mirror. A light source is provided in the vicinity of the first focal point of the semielliptical mirror. The light source can be a white light source, and a colored filter can be positioned forwardly of a projecting lens which forms part of the projector in order to pass light having a wavelength region of low luminosity in which a human eye is virtually insensitive.

Abstract: An apparatus for operably connecting a rotatable cam ring having at least one cam groove therein, and a movable lens frame member having an association pin which is fitted int he cam groove of the rotatable cam ring, so that the movable lens frame member can be moved along the profile of the cam groove when the cam ring rotates. The cam groove opens at one end into one end base of the cam ring, so that associated pin, which is integrally connected in advance to the movable lens frame member, can be fitted into the associated cam groove from the open end of the cam groove.

Abstract: A single-lens reflex camera has a finder device in which rays of light of an object to be photographed are reflected by a mirror to form an image of the object on a focusing glass, an information indicating apparatus within the finder device which can project photographing information represented by a letter or a figure or other symbol onto the focusing glass, an indication control circuit which controls the information to be indicated in the information indicating apparatus, and an information indicating switch for turning the information projector ON and OFF.

Abstract: A justification system for use in a printer employing a continuous recording form. The justification system comprises a timing pulse signal generating system which generates timing pulses in synchronism with the traveling of sprocket holes of the continuous recording form. The timing pulses signals for commencing the printing on each printing segment defined on the continuous recording form and the timing for stopping the advancement of the continuous recording form are controlled based upon the above timing pulse signals. With this control, printing can be executed with a correct positional relationship with rules on each printing segment, even if the continuous recording form is set in the printer with a slight misalignment in the direction of the travel path of the continuous recording form or if the form itself has expanded or contracted in its longitudinal direction due to the effect of humidity.

Abstract: An elongated flexible tube that constitutes an insert part of an endoscope. The flexible tube comprises: a spiral tube made of a precipitation hardening metal and having a groove which is recessed inwardly from the outer surface of the tube, the groove extending in a straight line along the axis of the tube, the spiral tube being subjected to age hardening process after a solid solution treatment; a braided-wire tube formed by weaving fine metal wires into a braid, the braided-wire tube being closely fitted over the outer surface of the spiral tube; and a flexible skin closely and watertightly fitted over the outer surface of the braided-wire tube.

Abstract: A distal end part of an endoscope which is provided at the distal end of the insert part of the endoscope, comprising an illuminating window through which illuminating light is emitted, a viewing window disposed side by side with the illuminating window to take a light image into an objective optical system, and a single transparent cover continuously covering the respective surfaces of the illuminating and viewing windows, the cover being formed such that the wall thickness thereof is gradually changed at the portion thereof which extends between the illuminating and viewing windows. Accordingly, no illuminating light enters the visual field of the viewing optical system through the transparent cover and it is therefore possible to obtain a clear observation field of view which is free from a ghost or flare.

Abstract: A lens shutter type of camera is disclosed in which a zoom lens is positioned in a lens block (1) which has a sector gear (15) rotatably associated with the lens block and with a rotatable cam ring (14). The cam ring and sector gear are rotatable in a substantially constant axial position. A movable finder optical assembly (8) and a movable strobe assembly (9) are movable in association with movement of the zoom lens. The zoom lens is movable between an extreme telephoto position and an extreme wide angle position, as well as into a fully collapsed lens position beyond the extreme wide angle position and a macro or closeup photographing position beyond the extreme telephoto position. When the camera is in its macro mode, a prism (P1) is inserted into the finder optical assembly to correct for parallax; the strobe assembly is moved to change its illumination angle; and an optical wedge (4e) is pivoted into the path between a light receiver (4) and a light emitter (3e).

Abstract: A condenser lens disposed behind a film equivalent plane, a pair of light splitting elements disposed behind the condenser lens, and a focal point detecting apparatus. The radius of curvature of a front surface of the condenser lens at the film equivalent plane side is larger than that of a rear surface of the condenser. A path length L from the film equivalent plane to the rear surface of the condenser lens is set in a range of 3.2 mm>L>3.6 mm on the assumption that the path length L is not substantially expanded by a refractive material. The pair of light splitting elements are disposed in symmetricy with respect to a meridian plane of the condenser lens. The focal point detecting apparatus is adapted to detect a focal point by finding a relative positional displacement of an objective image which is reimaged by the pair of light splitting elements.