Abstract: In a semiconductor device, a plurality of linear semiconductors of a predetermined length, on which electronic element are formed, are aligned laterally and in parallel. A semiconductor assembly apparatus for assembling the semiconductor device, aligns the linear semiconductors in parallel via an arranging member. The linear semiconductors are interconnected by a connecting member in the semiconductor assembly apparatus.

Abstract: An optical member inspection apparatus includes an inspection optical system having a light source, and a diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted from the light source. The diffusing means has a central portion and a peripheral portion. The diffusion transmittance of the peripheral portion is higher than the diffusion transmittance of the central portion. The inspection optical system is also provided with an image pick-up means to pick-up an image of the optical member to be inspected, and is positioned so as to receive that light emitted from the light source and transmitted through the diffusing means and the optical member. A judging means is also provided, for judging whether or not the optical member has a defect, in accordance with image signals output from the image pick-up means.

Abstract: A probe of an endoscope comprises a light guide fiber bundle and an image guide fiber bundle. The light guide fiber bundle supplies illumination light to the distal end of the probe, to illuminate the observed object. The illumination light is reflected by the observed object, and enters the end surface of the image guide fiber bundle. A ratio of an illumination sectional area of the light guide fiber bundle to a light receiving sectional area of the image guide fiber bundle is made equal.

Abstract: An optical member inspection apparatus includes an inspection optical system having a light source, and a diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted from the light source. The diffusing means has a central portion and a peripheral portion. The diffusion transmittance of the peripheral portion is higher than the diffusion transmittance of the central portion. The inspection optical system is also provided with an image pick-up means to pick-up an image of the optical member to be inspected, and is positioned so as to receive that light emitted from the light source and transmitted through the diffusing means and the optical member. A judging means is also provided, for judging whether or not the optical member has a defect, in accordance with image signals output from the image pick-up means.

Abstract: An optical member inspection apparatus includes an inspection optical system having a light source, and a diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted from the light source. The diffusing means has a central portion and a peripheral portion. The diffusion transmittance of the peripheral portion is higher than the diffusion transmittance of the central portion. The inspection optical system is also provided with an image pick-up means to pick-up an image of the optical member to be inspected, and is positioned so as to receive that light emitted from the light source and transmitted through the diffusing means and the optical member. A judging means is also provided, for judging whether or not the optical member has a defect, in accordance with image signals output from the image pick-up means.

Abstract: An image compression and expansion apparatus obtains an average value of a single block (8×8 pixels) in a first matrix (64×64 pixels) of the original image data, to generate reduced image data of a second matrix (8×8 pixels). A sub-matrix, which is displaced from the second matrix by a predetermined amount, is obtained in such a manner that a pixel of the second matrix is contained in the sub-matrix. 8×8 pixels of the sub-matrix are subjected to a two dimensional discrete cosine transformation, to obtain reduced DCT coefficient data. The reduced DCT coefficient data is subjected to an expanded inverse discrete cosine transformation to obtain expanded image data of a matrix (m×n pixels). The displacement direction and the displacement amount of the sub-matrix relative to the second matrix, and the values of “m” and “an” are selected in such a manner that the expanded image data becomes as close to the original image data as possible.

Abstract: An electronic endoscope system that shares peripheral devices, such as a TV monitor, VCR etc., among a plurality of electronic endoscopes via an electronic endoscope selector. Each of the electronic endoscopes is connected to the electronic endoscope selector and the electronic endoscope selector selectively switches between video signals of the electronic endoscopes and feeds them to the TV monitor. Further the electronic endoscope selector comprises image memories and is able to store an image captured by the electronic endoscopes. A stored image may be comparatively displayed on the screen of the TV monitor with the live video being captured by the selected endoscope units. Further, the comparative display is controlled by control buttons on the electronic endoscope. The electronic endoscope selector also comprises a memory for storing image parameters for each electronic endoscope, and adjusts images on the screen by utilizing the parameter for each electronic endoscope.

Abstract: An optical member inspection apparatus includes an inspection optical system having a light source, and a diffusing means for diffusing the light emitted from the light source. The diffusing means has a central portion and a peripheral portion. The diffusion transmittance of the peripheral portion is higher than the diffusion transmittance of the central portion. The inspection optical system is also provided with an image pick-up means to pick-up an image of the optical member to be inspected, and is positioned so as to receive that light emitted from the light source and transmitted through the diffusing means and the optical member. A judging means is also provided, for judging whether or not the optical member has a defect, in accordance with image signals output from the image pick-up means.

Abstract: Angular speed sensors and acceleration sensors are built into the casing of a video-type stereoscopic microscope. The angle of rotation of the stereoscopic microscope detected by the angular speed sensors and the amount of shift of the stereoscopic microscope detected by the acceleration sensors are input to a microscope control unit. This microscope control unit controls a vibration compensator based on the result of the detection. The vibration compensator shifts a lens within a plane orthogonal to its the optical axis so that object light from a field is deflected to a direction parallel to the optical axes of individual zoom optical systems. The vertical width AV of the field and the working distance L of this video microscope satisfy the following inequality: 1/AV>1/(11.46+0.011×L).

Abstract: A single-element objective lens for an optical pick-up directs an incident light beam to a data recording surface of an optical disc through a cover layer to form a beam spot thereon. A numerical aperture of the objective lens is 0.7 or more. The objective lens is configured to compensate for coma such that a characteristic of a change of spherical aberration due to a degree of divergence/convergence of the incident beam is comparable with respect to a characteristic of a change of spherical aberration due to variation of the cover layer so that the change of spherical aberration due to variation of the cover layer can be cancelled by the change of spherical aberration due to a degree of divergence/convergence of the incident beam.

Abstract: A high-magnification zoom lens system includes a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group, a positive third lens group, a negative fourth lens group, and a positive fifth lens group. Upon zooming from the short focal length extremity to the long focal length extremity, at least the positive first lens group, the positive third lens group, the negative fourth lens group, and the positive fifth lens group move from the image side toward the object side. The high-magnification zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions: 0.65<(fw*ft)½/f1<0.95 . . . (1); −7.0<(fw*ft)½/f2<−4.8 . . . (2); 0.80<X4/X5<0.95 . . .

Abstract: A single-element objective lens is employed in an optical pick-up. The objective lens directs an incident light beam to a data recording surface of an optical disc through a cover layer to form a beam spot thereon. A numerical aperture of the objective lens is 0.7 or more. The objective lens is configured such that a characteristic of aberration which is generated due to decentering of surfaces of the objective lens is substantially comparable to a characteristic of aberration due to an inclination of an optical axis of the objective lens and an inclination of a central axis of the light beam incident on the data recording surface of the optical disc with respect to the optical disc.

Abstract: A single-element objective lens for an optical pick-up is configured to converge substantially parallel light rays incident thereon onto a data recording surface of an optical recording medium. The objective lens includes, a first surface, which is a light incident side surface, and a second surface, which is an optical recording medium side surface. The first surface is an aspherical surface having a positive power, and the second surface is an aspherical surface having positive or negative power. The objective lens is designed such that paraxial wavefront aberration is 0.07&lgr; rms or less when a decentering amount between the first and second surfaces is 2 &mgr;m or less so as to converge the incident light substantially to a diffraction limit. A numerical aperture of the objective lens is 0.8 or more.

Abstract: A scanning optical system includes a polygonal mirror that deflects the even number of beams, which are incident thereon along optical paths arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis thereof. An imaging optical system for converging the beams includes lenses for converging the beam, in an auxiliary scanning direction, respectively. The lenses have the same shapes, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane. The orientation of the lenses on one side of the plane is oriented oppositely, in the auxiliary scanning direction, to the other lenses located on the other side of the plane.

Abstract: A thermal head driver system cyclically and independently drives at least two thermal heads having each a plurality of electric resistance elements. A storage system cyclically stores an image information data, the image information data cyclically being each of at least two types of image information data, respectively corresponding to the thermal heads. A selector system cyclically and correspondingly selects which thermal head should be driven in accordance with the cyclical storage of the types of image information data in the storage system, such that the electric resistance elements of the thermal head, selected by the selector system, are selectively and electrically energized in accordance with a corresponding type of image information data cyclically stored in the storage system.

Abstract: A telescopic lens system includes a positive first lens group, and a positive second lens group. The first lens group includes cemented lens elements having a positive lens element and a negative lens element. The second lens group includes cemented lens elements having a positive lens element and a negative lens element.

Abstract: A camera-attachment lens system includes a positive condenser lens system and a positive image-forming lens system, and satisfies the following conditions:

Abstract: A viewing apparatus with a photographing function, includes a viewing optical system by which an image of an object, formed by a positive objective optical system, is viewed though a positive eyepiece optical system, and a photographing optical system which is provided independently from the viewing optical system. The photographing optical system covers substantially the same field of view as that of the viewing optical system.

Abstract: An image-recording composition comprising: a microcapsule enclosing a leuco-dye; a phenol color-developing agent; and a reaction-accelerating agent catalyzing a color-developing reaction between the leuco-dye and the phenol color-developing agent, the reaction-accelerating agent being an organic compound having at least two carboxyl groups. An image-recording sheet comprising a substrate and a color-developing layer disposed by applying the image-recording composition to the substrate is also provided.