Abstract: A double-sided aspheric diffractive multifocal lens and methods of manufacturing and design of such lenses in the field of ophthalmology. The lens can include an optic comprising an aspheric anterior surface and an aspheric posterior surface. On one of the two surfaces a plurality of concentric diffractive multifocal zones can be designed. The other surface can include a toric component. The double-sided aspheric surface design results in improvement of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the lens-eye combination by aberration reduction and vision contrast enhancement as compared to one-sided aspheric lens. The surface having a plurality of concentric diffractive multifocal zones produces a near focus, an intermediate focus, and a distance focus.

Abstract: A phased array has a plurality of antenna element structures each having a planar surface. The antenna element structures are connected to form a structural array with a planar array surface. A processing device generates a beam having a beam phase at the plurality of antenna element structures, monitors and determines in real time for structural displacement of the plurality of structures, determines a correction, and adjusts the beam phase based on the correction.

Abstract: Ankle foot orthosis and methods of manufacturing an ankle foot orthosis. In one embodiment, an ankle foot orthosis is disclosed that includes a foot plate constructed to have both a trimmable portion and a non-trimmable portion. The ankle foot orthosis includes a spiral strut coupled with either the hindfoot region of the foot plate laterally of a mid-line for the foot plate or the midfoot region of the foot plate laterally of the mid-line. The spiral strut includes a transition portion that spirals by approximately sixty-five degrees (65°) over less than one-hundred sixty millimeters (160 mm) in height from the bottom surface of the foot plate. The spiral strut also includes an adjustable portion that enables a cuff coupled thereto to be height adjustable. Methods of manufacturing the aforementioned ankle foot orthoses are also disclosed.

Abstract: A phased array has a plurality of antenna element structures each having a planar surface. The antenna element structures are connected to form a structural array with a planar array surface. A processing device generates a beam having a beam phase at the plurality of antenna element structures, monitors and determines in real time for structural displacement of the plurality of structures, determines a correction, and adjusts the beam phase based on the correction.

Abstract: A wheelchair that prevents the secondary transmission of germs, including a seat, a drive mechanism, antibacterial fabric, and a dirt-retaining board. The drive mechanism is symmetrically provided about the seat. The drive mechanism includes a frame, front wheels, rear wheels, and drive wheels. The frame is fixedly connected to the seat. The front wheels, the rear wheels, and the drive wheels are all rotated and set on the frame. The drive wheels are not coaxial with the front wheels and rear wheels and do not interfere with each other. Drive wheels are connected to the rear wheels by transmission. The dirt-retaining boards are installed on the rear wheels in coordination. The active wheels, the seat, the armrests, and the push handles are sleeved thereon with antimicrobial fabric.

Abstract: A ground station processes downlink signals received from respective satellites. The ground station has a plurality of signal conditioning devices each receiving a respective one of the downlink signals and providing a conditioned downlink signal. A plurality of Doppler and/or Delay compensator devices each receive a respective conditioned downlink signal from a respective one of the plurality of signal conditioning devices. The compensator devices conduct Doppler and/or Delay compensation on the received conditioned downlink signal, and provide a compensated downlink signal output. A selector or diversity combiner receives the compensated downlink signal from each of the plurality of Doppler and/or Delay compensators.

Abstract: A base station for communication with a terminal station having a plurality of terminal station antennas. The base station has a plurality of directional antennas, each of the plurality of directional antennas in communication with satellites in view. The base station also has a processing device (e.g., eNodeB) to transmit each of the multiple base-station antenna signals via each of the plurality of directional antennas to satellites and/or the beams of the same satellite seen by the terminal station for retransmission to the plurality of terminal station antennas.

Abstract: A device for determining a hydrogen concentration or hydrogen mixture concentration includes: an electrical conductor arrangement which is designed such that it can be brought into contact with the fluid mixture at least in part and is realized in the form of a voltage divider having two elements, the first element being a first conductor which, at least in a current-carrying state, has a resistance value which is different from that of the second element, a measuring bridge comprising two voltage dividers connected in parallel, one of the voltage dividers being formed by the electrical conductor arrangement, a control unit for applying an AC voltage to the measuring bridge, a voltage detection unit for detecting a bridge voltage, and an evaluation unit configured so as to determine the thermal conductivity of the hydrogen or hydrogen mixture by evaluating the bridge voltage using the 3-Omega method.

Abstract: A double-sided aspheric diffractive multifocal lens and methods of manufacturing and design of such lenses in the field of ophthalmology. The lens can include an optic comprising an aspheric anterior surface and an aspheric posterior surface. On one of the two surfaces a plurality of concentric diffractive multifocal zones can be designed. The other surface can include a toric component. The double-sided aspheric surface design results in improvement of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the lens-eye combination by aberration reduction and vision contrast enhancement as compared to one-sided aspheric lens. The surface having a plurality of concentric diffractive multifocal zones produces a near focus, an intermediate focus, and a distance focus.

Abstract: A high throughput fractionated satellite (HTFS) system and method where the functional capabilities of a conventional monolithic spacecraft are distributed across many small or very small satellites and a central command and relay satellite, the satellites are separated and flight in carefully design formations that allows the creation of very large aperture or apertures in space drastically reducing cost and weight and enabling high throughput capabilities by spatially reuse spectrum.

Abstract: A satellite communication system includes a phased antenna array having a field of view (FoV) and configured to communicate with a plurality of cells in the FoV via a plurality of beams. Each of the plurality of beams is associated with one of the plurality of cells. A phased antenna array is configured to apply adaptive taper selection, based on both the satellite position (in relation to a satellite service beam) and its surrounding interference scenario.

Abstract: A communication system has a first satellite, a second satellite, and a physical or wireless connection connecting the first satellite with the second satellite. The satellites each communicate with a different ground station and ensure continuous communication during handover.

Abstract: A Satellite Radio Access Network includes a base station for communicating with standard compliant user equipment (UE) via a satellite having a field of view. A network broadcasting signal is provided via an inactive or access beam covering a plurality of cells in the field of view. An access request is detected from a user device, such as a smartphone, within an area covered by the inactive beam. In response to the access request, a beam is transitioned from inactive to active to provide network access to the user device. Once the user device is out of range, the active beam is transitioned back to an inactive beam. An inactivity timer is used to detect an idle active cell that should be transitioned to an inactive cell.

Abstract: A GSM satellite communication system is in communication with a first satellite having a first field of view including a first plurality of cells in which a plurality of active User Equipment (UEs) is located. The plurality of active UEs is in direct communication with the first satellite. The satellite communication system includes a first feeder link and a first tracking antenna configured to communicate with the plurality of active UEs via the first satellite directly serving the first plurality of cells; a first processing device configured to communicate with the plurality of active UEs; and a second processing device configured to normalize delay for a plurality of beam centers of the first plurality of cells, and provide the normalized delay to the first processing device.

Abstract: The technology provides a gateway system that enables satellite communication with user equipment (UE). A system includes multiple gateways, where each gateway includes processing devices, baseband units, a gateway channel routing block, and a set of antennas for communicating with a constellation of orbiting satellites. The gateways include a primary gateway and a diversity gateway. A set of communication links operatively connects the gateways together. A diversity combiner may be operatively coupled to the gateways via one or more of the communication links. The diversity combiner is configured to receive and combine signals from at least two of the gateways. The system is configured to determine when to switch a satellite communication link from the primary gateway to the diversity gateway according to a threshold level of communication requirement based on a status condition of the primary gateway and a status condition of the diversity gateway.

Abstract: Ankle foot orthoses and methods of manufacturing an ankle foot orthosis. In one embodiment, an ankle foot orthosis is disclosed that includes a foot plate constructed to have both a trimmable portion and a non-trimmable portion. The ankle foot orthosis includes a spiral strut coupled with either the hindfoot region of the foot plate laterally of a mid-line for the foot plate or the midfoot region of the foot plate laterally of the mid-line. The spiral strut includes a transition portion that spirals by approximately sixty-five degrees (65°) over less than one-hundred sixty millimeters (160 mm) in height from the bottom surface of the foot plate. The spiral strut also includes an adjustable portion that enables a cuff coupled thereto to be height adjustable. Methods of manufacturing the aforementioned ankle foot orthoses are also disclosed.

Abstract: An antenna array has a plurality of square or rectangular antenna assemblies. Each assembly includes a first antenna assembly surface with a solar cell and a second antenna assembly with one or more antenna elements. The antenna assemblies are interconnected without gaps therebetween to form a first contiguous array surface comprised of the first antenna assembly surfaces and a second contiguous array surface comprised of the second antenna assembly surfaces. The antenna assemblies are connected together by mechanically stored-energy connectors, such as spring tape, that self-deploy the array in space without the use of electric energy.

Abstract: Within a satellite communications system, a base station communicates with standard compliant user equipment (UE) via a satellite having a field of view. The base station has a processor that instructs the satellite to generate a wide beam signal covering a plurality of cells in the field of view, and detects an access request from a user equipment within the plurality of cells over the wide beam signal. The base station, comprising a processing device such as an eNodeB, then generates one or more network broadcast/access signals that is uplink to a satellite and broadcasted via one or more nominal beams generated by the satellite, covering all the inactive cells, one of the plurality of cells having the access request.

Abstract: A high throughput fractionated satellite (HTFS) system and method where the functional capabilities of a conventional monolithic spacecraft are distributed across many small or very small satellites and a central command and relay satellite, the satellites are separated and flight in carefully design formations that allows the creation of very large aperture or apertures in space drastically reducing cost and weight and enabling high throughput capabilities by spatially reuse spectrum.