Abstract: A card-encoding system and method preserves the security of the encoding process against duplication and counterfeiting of cards by securing the interactions under the control of the individual and then of the issuing institution. Multilevels of offset codes are generated in successive interactions so that attempted alteration, duplication, or counterfeiting of a coded card will be readily detectable using "off-line" card-checking apparatus. An "active" card is initially issued or authorized with an established credit balance, and its authenticity, balance, and proper use are continuously checked, debited and updated in each authorized transactions completed by the proper individual. A card or other data-carrying medium may be verified as authentic and unaltered, and the identity of an authorized individual assigned to the card may be verified by initially recording an offset on the card and by subsequently comparing the recorded offset with an offset regenerated from the same data used initially.

Abstract: A card-encoding system and method preserves the security of the encoding process against duplication and counterfeiting of cards by securing the interactions under the control of the individual and then of the issuing institution. Multilevels of offset codes are generated in successive interactions so that attempted alteration, duplication, or counterfeiting of a coded card will be readily detectable using "off-line" card-checking apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for improving the security of data transmissions between stations and for controlling secured transactions from remote locations in a data-transfer system. The method and apparatus obviate the need for transmitting user-identification information such as personal identification number (PIN) from station to station, e.g., from the station utilized by the user to enter his PIN and initiate a transaction, to the station that processes the transaction. Also, for added security, the method and apparatus provide for encryption (encoding) and decryption (decoding) of data during a transaction using encryption and decryption keys produced from different (independent) PIN's. The apparatus includes at least one irreversible algorithm module, a random number generator and at least one data file (e.g., disc or magnetic tape storage). The apparatus also includes a comparator or, alternatively, an encoding algorithm module and a matching decoding algorithm module.

Abstract: A card-coding system and method preserves the security of the encoding process against duplication and counterfeiting of cards by securing the interactions under the control of the individual and then of the issuing institution. Multilevels of offset codes are generated in successive interactions so that attempted alteration, duplication, or counterfeiting of a coded card will be readily detectable using "off-line" card-checking apparatus. An "active" card is initially issued or authorized with an established credit balance, and its authenticity, balance, and proper use are continuously checked, debited and updated in each authorized transaction completed by the proper individual.

Abstract: An improved secured data transmission system relies on the favorable comparison of coded signals derived from information about authorized individuals and particular data terminals that is both prestored and subsequently supplied under manual command in order to generate an operating key which is then used to encode and decode data that is entered after the initialization procedure.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for improving the security of data transmissions between stations and for controlling secured transactions from remote locations in a data-transfer system. The method and apparatus obviate the need for transmitting user-identification information such as personal identification number (PIN) from station to station, e.g., from the station utilized by the user to enter his PIN and initiate a transaction, to the station that processes the transaction. Also, for added security, the method and apparatus provide for encryption (encoding) and decryption (decoding) of data during a transaction using encryption and decryption keys produced from different (independent) PIN's. The apparatus includes at least one irreversible algorithm module, a random number generator and at least one data file (e.g., disc or magnetic tape storage). The apparatus also includes a comparator or, alternatively, an encoding algorithm module and a matching decoding algorithm module.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for improving the security of data transmissions between stations. The method obviates the need for transmitting user-identification information such as personal identification number (PIN) from station to station, e.g., from the station utilized by the user to enter his PIN and initiate a transaction, to the station that processes the transaction. Also, for added security, the method provides for encryption (encoding) and decryption (decoding) of data during a transaction using encryption and decryption keys produced from different (independent) PINs. The apparatus includes at least one irreversible algorithm module, a random number generator and at least one data file (e.g., disc or magnetic tape storage). The apparatus also includes a comparator or, alternatively, an encoding algorithm module and a matching decoding algorithm module.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for improving the security of data transmissions between stations and for controlling secured transactions from remote locations in a data-transfer system. The method and apparatus obviate the need for transmitting user-identification information such as personal identification number (PIN) from station to station, e.g., from the station utilized by the user to enter his PIN and initiate a transaction, to the station that processes the transaction. Also, for added security, the method and apparatus provide for encryption (encoding) and decryption (decoding) of data during a transaction using encryption and decryption keys produced from different (independent) PINs. The apparatus includes at least one irreversible algorithm module, a random number generator and at least one data file (e.g., disc or magnetic tape storage). The apparatus also includes a comparator or, alternatively, an encoding algorithm module and a matching decoding algorithm module.

Abstract: A card having randomly-oriented optical ports and a system having a card reader for reading the card and having a keyboard for entering secret user-identification data are disclosed for securing the user-identification data entered into the system. The system includes a logic unit for controlling the keyboard, and for applying data to the card via the card reader. The system may also include a physical data collector or transducer for collecting fingerprint or voice-print data, or the like, from a user and for applying such data in digital form to the card via the logic unit and the card reader. The card operates in conjunction with the logic unit of the system to transform the applied data and to improve the security of said data. A method of fabricating the card and a method of securing entered data using the card are also disclosed.

Abstract: A card having randomly-oriented optical fibers, and a system having a card reader for reading the card and having a keyboard for entering secret user-identification data, are disclosed for securing the user-identification data entered into the system. The system includes a logic unit for controlling the keyboard, and for applying data to the card via the card reader. The card operates in conjunction with the logic unit of the system to transform the applied data and to improve the security of said data. A method of fabricating said card and a method of securing entered data using said card are also disclosed.

Abstract: A card having randomly-oriented optical fibers, and a system having a card reader for reading the card and having a keyboard for entering secret user-identification data, are disclosed for securing the user-identification data entered into the system. The system includes a logic unit for controlling the keyboard, and for applying data to the card via the card reader. The system also includes a physical data collector or transducer for collecting fingerprint or voice print data, or the like, from a user and applying said data, in digital form, to the card via the logic unit and the card reader. The card operates in conjunction with the logic unit of the system to transform the applied data and to improve the security of said data. A method of fabricating said card and a method of securing entered data using said card are also disclosed.