Abstract: A voltage regulator assembly can include a power stage chip and an inductive component coupled to the power stage chip. A footprint of the power stage chip can be bonded to a surface of a printed circuit board. The inductive component can include at least one coil, wherein a first portion of the coil is disposed on or over a surface of the power stage chip. The printed circuit board, the power stage chip, and the first portion of the coil can be arranged in a stack. The voltage regulator assembly can be configured to provide one or more power supply signals via the inductive component.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for implementing a safety monitor framework for a safety-critical inference application are disclosed. A system includes a safety-critical inference application, a safety monitor, and an inference accelerator engine. The safety monitor receives an input image, test data, and a neural network specification from the safety-critical inference application. The safety monitor generates a modified image by adding additional objects outside of the input image. The safety monitor provides the modified image and neural network specification to the inference accelerator engine which processes the modified image and provides outputs to the safety monitor. The safety monitor determines the likelihood of erroneous processing of the original input image by comparing the outputs for the additional objects with a known good result. The safety monitor complements the overall fault coverage of the inference accelerator engine and covers faults only observable at the network level.

Abstract: Mutable firmware commonality for hardware root of trust is described. In at least one aspect, a system includes a volatile memory circuit having a first region that persistently stores a reusable portion of instructions executed during a boot sequence for establishing a hardware root of trust among multiple security layers of a security framework, and a second region that is overwritten during the boot sequence with each layer-specific portion of the instructions executed sequentially to implement a corresponding security layer based on the reusable portion. The system further includes a processing circuit that sequentially establish the hardware root of trust one security layer at a time by loading the second region of the volatile memory with a current layer-specific portion of the instructions that are executed in combination with the reusable portion of the instructions to implement a current security layer.

Abstract: Techniques for implementing programmable control by a guest virtual machine (VM) of interrupts at a processing system using a guest owned backing page are disclosed. The VM programs a guest owned backing page (e.g., a data structure in memory) that designates particular interrupts that are to be blocked. In response to detecting a designated interrupt, system hardware or software blocks the interrupt, rather than executing an interrupt handler to process the interrupt. The VM is thereby able to protect confidential information and program behavior with less risk of a malicious hypervisor failing to protect the VM from, e.g., unexpected or unwanted interrupts, thereby improving overall system security and predictability.

Abstract: A processor includes a security processor and an input-output memory management unit (IOMMU). The security processor is configured to maintain device control information in a secure data structure and prevent a hypervisor from accessing the secure data structure. The IOMMU is configured to process at least one device request targeting a virtual machine from an input/output device based on the secure data structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for efficiently managing power consumption among multiple, replicated functional blocks of an integrated circuit. An integrated circuit includes multiple, replicated memories that use separate power domains. Data of a given type is stored in an interleaved manner among the multiple memories. When control circuitry detects an idle state, commands are sent to the multiple memories specifying storing data of the given type in a contiguous manner in the memories connected to multiple functional blocks. Subsequently, the control circuitry transitions all but one of the memories to the sleep state. The memories rotate amongst themselves with a single memory being in the active state and servicing requests based on which data of the given type is targeted by the requests.

Abstract: A system utilizes a hybrid chroma subsampling process in which a source device generates a plurality of motion layers from an input image of a video stream. Each motion layer is associated with a different motion criterium and includes data from the image only for those regions of pixels that meet the corresponding motion criterium. The source device generates each motion layer with a different degree of chroma subsampling based on the motion criterium associated with the motion layer. The resulting plurality of motion layers are transmitted to a sink device. The sink device decodes the motion layers and then generates a composite image from the resulting motion layers, the composite image representing the input image with different degrees of chroma subsampling for different regions based on the degree of motion in each region.

Abstract: A multi-die semiconductor package includes a first integrated circuit (IC) die having a first intrinsic performance level and a second IC die having a second intrinsic performance level different from the first intrinsic performance level. A power management controller distributes, based on a determined die performance differential between the first IC die and the second IC die, a level of power allocated to the semiconductor chip package between the first IC die and the second IC die. In this manner, the first IC die receives and operates at a first level of power resulting in performance exceeding its intrinsic performance level. The second IC die receives and operates at a second level of power resulting in performance below its intrinsic performance level, thereby reducing performance differentials between the IC dies.

Abstract: An exemplary stiffener comprises an inner perimeter that substantially surrounds at least one dimension of an integrated circuit coupled to a substrate. The inner perimeter of stiffener comprises a set of boundaries and at least one recess formed into at least one of the boundaries. In addition, the exemplary stiffener also comprises an outer perimeter that extends further outward from the integrated circuit than the inner perimeter. Various other apparatuses, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for efficiently scheduling instructions for a parallel data processing circuit. In various implementations, a computing system includes a parallel data processing circuit with multiple compute circuits, each uses multiple single instruction multiple data (SIMD) circuits. Each compute circuit includes a scheduler for selecting instructions to issue to the SIMD circuits. During execution, a thread executes an instruction that provides a point of synchronization. Examples are the wait instruction and the barrier instruction. A control circuit accesses the metrics indicating hardware behavior of the corresponding wave. Based on these metrics, the control circuit generates a prediction of the amount of time before the point of synchronization completes. For example, the prediction indicates how soon each of the other threads of the corresponding wave are to arrive at the point of synchronization. The prediction is used to update control flow of the thread.

Abstract: A processing unit manages temperature by correlating readings from a plurality of external temperature sensors to a skin temperature of the processing unit, wherein the correlation is based on characteristics of a computer chassis that is to include the processing unit. The processing unit is mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB) or other substrate that is to be placed in a computer chassis. Each of a plurality of temperature sensors is placed at a different location of the PCB to provide temperature readings from a variety of locations of the PCB. A temperature controller of the processing unit receives temperature readings from the plurality of sensors and correlates the temperature readings with a skin temperature of the processing unit based on a plurality of correlation values.

Abstract: Devices and methods for rendering objects using ray tracing are provided which include during a build time: generating an accelerated hierarchy structure comprising data representing an approximate volume bounding a group of geometric shapes representing the objects in the scene and data representing the geometric shapes; and generating additional data used to transform rays, to be cast in the scene, from a high precision space to a low precision space; and during a render time occurring after the build time: performing ray intersection tests, using the additional data generated during the build time, for the rays in the scene; and rendering the scene based on the ray intersection tests. Because the additional data is generated prior to render time, the additional data can be used to perform the ray intersection testing more efficiently.

Abstract: The disclosed computer-implemented method for automatically generating a printed circuit board design includes executing, by at least one processor based on input parameters, a grouping operation that identifies network shapes defining regions occupied by corresponding networks for one or more layers of an integrated circuit package. The method additionally includes identifying, by the at least one processor based on the identified network shapes, connections of the integrated circuit package. The method also includes automatically generating, by the at least one processor and based on the identified connections, a printed circuit board design. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: Hybrid video encoding for improved encoding quality and encoding throughput is described. In one or more implementations, a system includes a processor configured to selectively enable one of a plurality of video encoders to encode each frame of a video sequence based on frame type of that individual frame and a directional encoding preference for the video sequence, and outputs a hybrid bitstream that interleaves each encoded frame into an order for decoding the video sequence. In one or more implementations, a computing device includes a plurality of video encoders and a processor to output a hybrid bitstream that interleaves each encoded frame of a respective bitstream obtained from each of the video encoders into the order for decoding the video sequence.

Abstract: An optimized service-based pipeline includes a resource manager that receives a request that includes a description of a workload from a workload initiator such as an application. The resource manager identifies runtime utilization metrics of a plurality of processing resources, where the plurality of processing resources includes at least a first graphics processing unit (GPU) and a second GPU. The resource manager determines, based on the utilization metrics and one or more policies, a workload allocation recommendation for the workload. Thus, the workload initiator can determine whether placing a workload on a particular processing resource is preferable based on runtime behavior of the system and policies established of the workload.

Abstract: The disclosed device includes an input/output (I/O) system clock configured to operate at one of a plurality of clock states and a control circuit configured to dynamically adjust a clock state of the I/O system clock. The control circuit can update an activity level of a current clock state based at least on I/O traffic activity and, in response to the activity level going beyond an activity range for the current clock state, transition the I/O system clock to a neighboring clock state. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosed device includes a device comprising a device-attached memory and a trust controller for confidential computing. The trust controller can maintain a record of devices that are permitted to access the device-attached memory, receive updates to the record, and verify, based on the record, attempts to access the memory.

Abstract: A computing device and a method of performing crash analysis is provided. Each compute unit of an accelerated processor is configured to execute an application in a crash analysis operation mode, different from a normal operation mode, by executing a single instruction in isolation from any other instruction such that execution of the single instruction is completed prior to beginning execution of any of the other instructions. Examples of selectable crash analysis operation modes include a first mode in which execution of each memory instruction is completed prior to beginning execution of a next instruction, a second mode in which execution of each ALU instruction is completed prior to beginning execution of a next instruction, and a third mode in which execution of both memory and ALU instructions are completed prior to beginning execution of a next instruction.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device performs a method for adjusting a clock signal frequency. The method includes receiving a workload, and determining a latency parameter by sampling data of the workload. Further, an activation parameter is determined based on a data bandwidth on the workload. A clock signal of the IC device is adjusted based on the latency parameter and the activation parameter.

Abstract: A request is received from an application to present content generated by the application in an overlay plane of a multi-plane display system. Responsive to determining that current system resources support presentation of the generated content in the overlay plane, frames of the generated content are displayed in the overlay plane and captured directly from the overlay plane such that the captured frames may be provided to one or more remote client computing systems independently of frames captured from one or more additional overlay planes and from an underlying composited desktop layer. Identifiers of prioritized applications may be maintained based on user preferences to determine specific applications for which generated content is enabled for display via overlay plane.