Abstract: A method for a backoff process for uplink (UL) random access is provided. The method may include one or more of receiving, by a station (STA) eligible to participate in a UL MU transmission, a UL trigger frame indicating that one or more anonymous users are eligible to participate in the UL multiuser (MU) transmission, randomly selecting, by the STA, one or more resource units (RUs), and transmitting, by the STA, the UL MU transmission.

Abstract: A wireless device generating a High-Efficiency (HE) PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) for transmission sets a Packet Extension Disambiguity bit of an HE Signal-A (HE-SIG-A) field of the HE PPDU based on respective durations of a packet extension of the HE PPDU and a signal extension of the HE PPDU. The wireless device may determine whether a relationship T P ? E + ( 4 × ? TXTIME - T S ? E - 2 ? 0 4 ? - ( TXTIME - T S ? E - 2 ? 0 ) ) ? T S ? Y ? M is satisfied, where TPE is the duration of the packet extension, TXTIME is a transmission time of the HE PPDU, TSE is the duration of the signal extension, and TSYM is a duration of symbols in a data field of the HE PPDU. The wireless device may set the Packet Extension Disambiguity bit to one when the relationship is satisfied; and to zero when the relationship is not satisfied.

Abstract: A wireless device transmits a frame by determining a plurality of Resource Units (RUs) of the frame, providing pilots in a first RU of the frame at a first set of positions, providing pilots in a second RU of the frame at a second set of positions, and transmitting the frame. The first set of positions is different from the second set of positions. A wireless device receives a frame including an RU including pilots and processes the pilots. When an RU for the data symbol includes an odd-numbered lowest subcarrier, the pilots are included at a first set of positions in the resource unit. When the RU includes an even-numbered lowest subcarrier, the pilots are included at a second set of positions in the resource unit. The second set of positions is different from the first set of positions.

Abstract: A station is provided. The station includes one or more memories and one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to one or more of process a first request for buffer status received from an access point and transmit, during the first uplink multi-user transmission to the access point and in response to the first request for buffer status, a first uplink null data packet and that includes a signal that indicates existence of data to be sent from the station to the access point. The first request for buffer status schedules a first uplink multi-user transmission and indicates a plurality of resources that indicates existence of data to be sent to the access point. The one or more processors transmits the first uplink null data packet includes the one or more processors configured to transmit the signal on a first resource of the plurality of resources.

Abstract: A wireless device communicates a transmission capability by determining a number of active transmits chains of the wireless device, determining a maximum number of space-time streams according to the number of active transmit chains, providing a frame with an indication of the maximum number of space-time streams, and transmitting the frame. The wireless devices may provide the indication of the maximum number of space-time streams in an Operating Mode field of High Efficiency Aggregate Control field of the frame. The maximum number of space-time streams may be a maximum number of space-time streams that may be used by the wireless device to respond to a Trigger frame.

Abstract: A wireless device initiates an Up-Link Trigger Based Multi-User communication by transmitting a trigger frame. The communication may be an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access communication. The trigger frame includes allocation information for resources of the communication, including Random Access (RA) allocation information. The trigger frame may also include a padding field after the allocation information. A length of the padding field is determined according to an amount of time needed for a station receiving the trigger frame to process the RA allocation information. The amount of time may correspond to a time between an end of a last RA allocation information and an end of a Physical layer Protocol Data Unit including the trigger frame. The amount of time may be determined according to a maximum processing time of stations associated with the wireless device, or may be determined according to a predetermined interval.

Abstract: A network device is provided. The network device includes one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors are configured receive a DL MU PPDU, decode a data frame including a media access control (MAC) header from the DL MU PPDU, determine whether an acknowledgement (ACK) policy indicated in the MAC header signals a trigger-based immediate acknowledgement policy, and determine whether a trigger indication for an uplink (UL) MU transmission has been obtained from a payload of a data frame. Responsive to the processor determines that the trigger indication has not been obtained, the processor is configured to not transmit an immediate acknowledgement to the access point. In response to the trigger indication has not been obtained but the station has obtained a transmission opportunity, the station returns an ACK/Block ACK frame in an unsolicited manner.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transmission opportunity limits, backoff procedures, uplink random access related to uplink multi-user transmission in a High Efficiency WLAN (HEW) are described. An embodiment is a method for performing a frame exchange sequence including an uplink multi-user (UL MU) transmission by an access point (AP) in a wireless local area, the method including acquiring a transmission opportunity (TXOP) for initiating the frame exchange sequence; determining if a time required for the frame exchange sequence not including a control response frame exceeds a TXOP limit; and transmitting a trigger frame to one or more stations (STAs) when the time required for the frame exchange sequence not including the control response frame does not exceed the TXOP limit.

Abstract: To receive data in data field of a PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU), wherein the data field includes mid-ambles, a number of mid-ambles and a number of data symbols included in the data field is determined. The number of mid-ambles is determined according to information in an HE-SIG-A field of the PPDU, information in an L-SIG field of the PPDU, and one or more predetermined values prescribed by a standard. The number of data symbols may be determined using the number of the mid-ambles, and the data received according to the number of mid-ambles and the number of data symbols.

Abstract: A multi-user uplink transmission is performed by analyzing, by a first wireless station, a spatial reuse field in a first frame, and generating, by the first wireless station, a second frame, wherein the second frame includes a spatial reuse field that is generated based on the spatial reuse field of the first frame. The first frame and the second frame are within the same transmission opportunity (TXOP) and the first frame is transmitted prior to the second frame during the TXOP.

Abstract: A station (STA) is provided. The STA includes one or more processors coupled to one or more memories. The one or more processors are configured to receive a frame from an access point (AP), where the STA is allocated a resource unit from a channel bandwidth of the frame. The frame includes first and second content channels of an HE-SIG-B field. The frame includes a high efficiency signal-B (HE-SIG-B) field arranged in a plurality of content channels that occupies respective sub bands of the channel bandwidth of the frame. The first content channel includes resource unit allocation information to allocate a first set of resource units of the channel bandwidth to a first set of one or more STAs. The second content channel includes resource unit allocation information to allocate another set of resource units of the channel bandwidth to a second set of one or more STAs.

Abstract: A method is provided. The method includes one or more of establishing a target wake time (TWT) agreement between an access point (AP) and a station (STA), transmitting, by the AP, a trigger frame comprising a TWT element to the STA, receiving, by the AP, a response frame from the STA indicating a trigger-enabled TWT, wherein a trigger subfield of the TWT element has a value of 1, and scheduling for transmission, by the AP, a trigger frame to the STA within each TWT service period (SP) of the TWT agreement.

Abstract: A method implemented by a station (STA) in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) to disregard a Network Allocation Vector (NAV) maintained by the STA. The method includes receiving a first frame from an Access Point (AP), determining whether the NAV maintained by the STA was previously set using a duration indicated in a second frame that (1) was received by the STA prior to receiving the first frame and (2) originated from the AP, and transmitting a third frame to the AP as an immediate response to the first frame without considering the NAV maintained by the STA when a determination is made that the NAV maintained by the STA was previously set using the duration indicated in the second frame that originated from the AP.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided. The apparatus performs operations including selecting a high efficiency long training field (HE LTF) sequence for a frame, selecting an HE LTF transmission mode from one of a 4×HE LTF mode, a 2×HE LTF mode, and a 1×HE LTF mode, transmitting only a set of allocated subcarriers of the HE LTF sequence for the frame, and transmitting a set of additional fields of the frame using the set of allocated subcarriers and a set of unallocated subcarriers. The set of additional fields includes a legacy short training field (L-STF), a legacy long training field (L-LTF), a legacy signaling field (L-SIG), a high efficiency signaling A field (HE-SIG-A), and a high efficiency short training field (HE-STF). Transmitting of the HE LTF sequence for the frame uses only one or more of the set of allocated subcarriers, and none of the unallocated subcarriers.

Abstract: In wireless communications for multi-users, an access point may generate a first frame for allocating resources to a plurality of stations. The first frame may contain an indication as to whether a station(s) is allocated at least one of a set of resource units (RUs) of a plurality of RUs, such as a center 26-tone RU. The set of resource units may be based on a channel bandwidth of the wireless communications. The indication may be contained in a common block field of signal fields, such as a common block field of high efficiency (HE) signal content channel(s) of an HE signal field. The station(s) may receive the first frame and determine whether the one of the set of RUs is allocated. The station(s) may transmit a second frame to the access point based on resource allocation information in the first frame. Other methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A wireless device determines a Basic Service Set (BSS) associated with a wireless transmitter by receiving a first frame, determining an address of the first frame, receiving a second frame, and determining, using the address of the first frame, a property of the second frame. Determining the property of the second frame may include determining whether the second frame is intra-BSS frame or an inter-BSS frame. Determining the property of the second frame may be performed by comparing an address of the second frame with the address of the first frame, and the second frame determined to be an intra-BSS frame when the address of the first frame matches the address of the second frame, and determined to be an inter-BSS frame otherwise. The address of the first frame may be a transmitter address (TA).

Abstract: A method implemented by an Access Point (AP) in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) to initiate an uplink (UL) multi-user (MU) simultaneous transmission. The method includes generating a trigger frame that initiates the UL MU simultaneous transmission, where the trigger frame includes (1) a UL MU Physical Layer Convergence Protocol (PLCP) Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) attributes field to indicate attributes pertaining to a UL MU PPDU transmitted to the AP during the UL MU simultaneous transmission that are common to a plurality of stations (STAs) that are scheduled to participate in the UL MU simultaneous transmission and (2) a STA Physical Layer Service Data Unit (PSDU) attributes field for a particular STA from the plurality of STAs to indicate attributes pertaining to the UL MU PPDU that are specific to the particular STA. The method further includes transmitting the trigger frame through a wireless medium.

Abstract: An access point operates in a wireless local area network. The access point includes one or more memories and a processor, coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more memories include instructions, which when executed by the processor cause the access point to transmit a first frame to a plurality of stations in the wireless network and receive null data packet frames from the plurality of stations. After an interframe space period following the first frame, the instructions cause the access point to generate beamforming information based on the null data packet frames and transmit the beamforming information to the plurality of stations. The first frame indicates to the plurality of stations to each transmit a null data packet frame to the access point.

Abstract: In wireless communications for a 20 megahertz (MHz) channel bandwidth, a first device may determine a high efficiency long training field (HE-LTF) mode. The first device may generate an HE-LTF symbol by using a portion or an entirety of an HE-LTF sequence corresponding to the channel bandwidth and HE-LTF mode. The first device may transmit, in the channel bandwidth, a high efficiency physical layer protocol data unit (HE PPDU) that includes the HE-LTF symbol. A second device may receive, in the 20 MHz channel bandwidth, a downlink HE PPDU that includes an HE-LTF symbol. The second device may obtain, from the HE-LTF symbol, a portion or an entirety of an HE-LTF sequence corresponding to the channel bandwidth and an HE-LTF mode of the HE-LTF symbol. The downlink HE PPDU may be the HE PPDU from the first device. Other methods, apparatus, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a frame is provided by a device in a WLAN. The device sets as additional data subcarriers some of subcarriers which are not set as data subcarriers in at least part of fields included in a frame of a legacy frame format, and allocates information to the additional data subcarriers.