Abstract: A serviceable energy storage device, such as a capacitor, ultracapacitor or supercapacitor, includes electrodes made from activated carbon produced from a low-cost source, such as thermal coal or another low-cost feedstock. The serviceable energy storage device includes replaceable electrolyte comprising a low-cost co-solvent and salt solution. The activated carbon is manufactured with a pore sizing selected in accordance with the electrolyte such that an electrode material pore configuration matches an ion coupling size of the electrolyte. An improved manufacturing process for the energy storage device is effective at a regular atmospheric environment, allowing the electrolyte to be subsequently replaced at the regular atmospheric environment.

Abstract: Electrical energy storage devices made using a wet electrode application technique are associated with high energy consumption. Herein, a dry electrode or electrolyte application process involves mixing active material with a binder and then fibrillating the mixture. During preparation of the mixture, the smallest particles are removed to improve binding. The mixture is roll-pressed into a film, which is then actively cooled. Optionally, tension in the cooled portion of the film is increased for spooling the film. The film is adhered to a pre-treated current collector and then wound into a jelly roll for the manufacture of an electrical energy storage device.

Abstract: A system and method for bidirectionally based electrical information storage, processing and communication. Bidirectional memory (tristate) offers the capability to store and interpret multiple bits (Shannon's) of information per memory cell, for structures such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), and read-only memory (ROM), and communication circuits, for operation, rather than traditional memory able to store a single “bit” (Shannon) of information per cell. Where, instead of traditional memory cells capable of two possible states (binary digit) and a single defined bit (1 Shannon), bidirectional memory is capable of three states (tristate), where the third information representing state can be a specifically defined state capable of representing multiple bits (multiple Shannon's) for each individual cell, which may be defined to represent a specific sequence of bits (sequence of Shannon's).

Abstract: A system and method of collecting energy utilizing a management system for an energy collection device, for collecting, managing, and discharging energy. Management system creates an active collection, storage, and discharging device; diffusion circuits allow for controlling the collecting, and discharging of harvested charges to precisely set requirements; the circuit allows for maximized charge collection over a given time, by minimizing the collection devices resistance to collection, the reduction in resistance is a factor calculated using the inverse square law, to allow ultra high speed maximized transitions in the charging, and discharging oscillation cycle.

Abstract: A system and method for bidirectionally based electrical information storage, processing and communication. Bidirectional memory (tristate) offers the capability to store and interpret multiple bits (Shannon's) of information per memory cell, for structures such as dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), and read-only memory (ROM), and communication circuits, for operation, rather than traditional memory able to store a single “bit” (Shannon) of information per cell. Where, instead of traditional memory cells capable of two possible states (binary digit) and a single defined bit (1 Shannon), bidirectional memory is capable of three states (tristate), where the third information representing state can be a specifically defined state capable of representing multiple bits (multiple Shannon's) for each individual cell, which may be defined to represent a specific sequence of bits (sequence of Shannon's).

Abstract: A system and method utilizing deflective conversion for increasing the energy efficiency of a charging circuit utilizing electrostatic storage devices, different circuit configurations composing a group termed deflection converters. Methods of deflection converter operation and construction include autonomous voltage controlled operation, current and or voltage measurement based control, timing based control, both passive and active devices and used in circuits of both alternating and direct current enabling charging efficiency up to 100% with instantaneous charging.