Abstract: For a web color change, at least one current dye rate is determined and at least one nominal dye rate for the new web color is retrieved. The difference between the current dye rate and the nominal dye rate is used in a dye rate change response to change the dye rate thereby changing the web color from a first to a second color. The dry rate change response is boosted to achieve a faster rate of color change. Dye rates required for color targets are determined by accumulating historical data of production dye rates that are combined with current dye rate data to arrive at new nominal dye rates for web colors to be produced. A retrieved nominal dye rate and the current dye rate are combined using a filter factor, &agr;, (0≦&agr;≦1), defining the fraction of the historical dye rate which is combined with the remaining fraction of the active dye rate to determine a new nominal dye rate stored as the nominal dye rate for the given product color.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods used for handling semiconductor wafers or similar articles. In particular, the apparatus disclosed is capable of flexibly gripping items of various shapes and sizes in a manner that substantially reduces or eliminates the likelihood of damage thereto. The apparatus is particularly suited to being used as a robotic end effector for handling wafers using edge-gripping techniques.

Abstract: A robotic containerization and palletizing system having a multiple-fingered end effector. The system includes a frame that defines one or more cells. Each cell has one gantry-type robot, which is mounted in a set of tracks on top of the frame. The robot is movable along two axes and has an arm to which the end effector is mounted. The end effector is designed to grasp trays, tubs, and similar items from a conveyor system running through the cell and load them in a cart or on a pallet. The items are gripped by two sets of fingers. One set of fingers may be mounted to a first plate and another set of fingers may be mounted to a carriage that moves in a horizontal direction, either toward or away from the first set of fingers. Each finger has a main shaft and a bent tip. The shafts are rotatable such that the tips can be moved underneath or out from under a load, depending upon whether a pick-up or drop-off operation is being performed.

Abstract: An electronic energy meter which receives a measurement request, and responsive to the measurement request and data stored in data tables in a memory, performs a function and generates output information. The output information is outputted in accordance with a predetermined priority scheme. Each different type of measurement request has a different output priority. An electronic energy meter that permits the addition of new measurements or testing capabilities without requiring factory modifications to effect such functionality changes is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assigning a permanent identifier to a client node initially having a default identifier and being operably connected to a network. A server determines a location of the client node and assigns the permanent identifier to the client node in response to the location of the client node on the network.

Abstract: A method for coating an electric coil of a workpiece. A step of the method includes applying a curable coating material to the electric coil of the workpiece. Another step includes externally vibrating the workpiece before the applied curable coating material has cured. An embodiment of apparatus for coating an electric coil of a workpiece includes a mechanism for applying a curable coating material to the electric coil of the workpiece and also includes a mechanism for externally vibrating the workpiece before the applied curable coating material has cured.

Abstract: Disclosed is a motorized machine which includes an electrical system monitoring system which results in detecting arcing in the electrical distribution system of the machine and the ability to provide notification and protection for such arcing. The system functions to monitor the electrical distribution system of the machine to sense the frequencies of signals in the system using appropriate filtering. One type of filtering which may be used is based upon a heterodyning circuit which provides variable frequency filtering for filtering a signal representative of the current in at least one electrical circuit of the machine. The heterodyning circuit output is configured to produce a signal which may be logarithmically related to the filtered signal. If the output signal exceeds a predetermined limit (representative of noise) for a predetermined period (representative of a typical arc duration), the system generates an arc signal.

Abstract: A method of interactively determining at least one optimized design candidate using an optimizer, the optimizer having a generation algorithm and an objective function, the optimized design candidate satisfying a design problem definition, comprises generating design candidates based on the generation algorithm. The generated design candidates are added to a current set of design candidates to form a new set of design candidates. The design candidates are evaluated based on the objective function so that design candidates can be selected for inclusion in a preferred set of design candidates. The current state of the optimizer is presented to a designer for interactive examination and input is received from the designer for updating the current state of the optimizer. These steps are repeated until a stopping criterion is satisfied.

Abstract: A storage and retrieval system is provided for safely and efficiently storing reticles in a clean environment. An enclosed storage unit is provided for storing the reticles, and other items such as wafers and the like, in an environment which minimizes the amount of contaminants and is suitable for use in a semiconductor fabrication clean room. A retrieval unit is provided separate from the enclosed storage unit for accessing and staging the reticles before they enter and leave the storage unit for minimizing exposure of the storage unit. The storage unit includes a movable storage matrix having a plurality of bays for storing the reticles. The movable storage matrix is selectively moved or rotated by a drive mechanism that is located external to the storage unit so that the storage unit is substantially free of contaminant generating components.

Abstract: A method of handling an object using a robot end effector. The method includes providing a robot having an end effector supporting a pair of carriages, providing a pair of fingers for each carriage, moving the end effector over an object, grasping an object with the fingers, moving the object with the end effector to a container, and depositing the object by counter-rotating the pairs of fingers. One or both of the carriages is movable toward the other carriage to engage objects on a conveyor system with the fingers. The robot moves the end effector between the conveyor system and shipping containers for shipping the objects. Because the pairs of fingers counter-rotate, the friction forces between each finger and the tray is offset by the friction forces between the other finger in the pair and the tray. The improved handling method thereby maintains objects substantially in the desired stacking orientation within the shipping container. Preferably, an actuator is provided for each finger.

Abstract: A pivot joint for a movable contact arm assembly and a circuit breaker having an operating mechanism coupled to a line terminal, a trip mechanism and a load terminal with the load terminal coupled to a pivot mounting member. The pivot joint comprises a recess in a first sidewall of the contact arm with the recess co-axial with a mounting hole in the contact arm. A second recess is provided in a second sidewall of the contact arm with the second recess co-axial with the second mounting hole in the contact arm. The first and second recesses are co-axial with each other. A shaped washer, configured to fit in each of the first and second recesses is provided and maintained in position by a mounting axle configured to engage each shaped washer, each mounting hole and the pivot mounting member. The contact arm is then free to pivot about the mounting axle. A spring, with the spring configured to engage both ends of the mounting axle urge the contact arm against each shaped washer thereby completing the pivot joint.

Abstract: The CD profile of a web of material being produced is monitored and controlled to update CD control settings on-line so that changes in the operation of a machine manufacturing the web can be corrected before significant profile deviations from a desired CD profile target result. Detected variances in the profile that satisfy a search criteria initiate searches for improved CD control settings. The CD control of the present application recognizes CD actuator mapping misalignments, determines improved CD control settings and applies the improved CD control settings to fine tune a CD controller and thereby improve upon or correct mapping misalignments. The CD control of the present application also recognizes non-smoothness of the setpoints of the CD actuators and controls the smoothness of the setpoints. Recognition and correction of either CD actuator mapping misalignments or CD actuator setpoint smoothness or both can be performed by the automated optimization of the present application.

Abstract: A circuit breaker (10) (FIG. 1) has a power line (12) for carrying a power signal from a source to a load and a current transformer (14, 16, 18, 20) configured to sense the power signal and provide a sense signal based on the power signal at a first terminal (14a, 16a, 18a, 20a) (FIG. 2). The circuit breaker (10) includes a control circuit (26) configured to receive a first data message and to provide a second data message based on the first data message at a second terminal (40). The circuit breaker (10) further includes a programmable amplifier (30) coupled to the first terminal (14a, 16a, 18a, 20a) and the second terminal (40) configured to receive the sense signal, to receive the second data message, to amplify the sense signal based on the second data message, and to provide the amplified sense signal at a third terminal (42). A method of constructing the circuit breaker (10) is provided (FIG.

Abstract: Diagnostic strips of the kind which are exposed to biological fluids such as blood or urine to detect or monitor medical conditions are cut sequentially from elongated cards by a reciprocating shear blade. The cards may be ones which exhibit defective areas that should not be included in the finished strips. Blade motion seats each newly cut strip on a movable strip carrier which abuts the blade during the cutting operation. The carrier then travels a nondefective strip to a pickup location where it is precisely positioned and picked off of the carrier for emplacement in a housing. A strip with a defective area is carried further to a discharge location where it is released into a waste receptacle. This enables more economical manufacture of diagnostic strips by efficiently making use of nondefective areas of cards that have defective areas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for seating a tire bead in the bead seat of a wheel includes the basic steps of: engaging the wheel and generating reciprocating movement of the wheel along the axis of rotation to fully seat the tire bead on the wheel. The method and apparatus further involves the step of rotating the tire and wheel about the wheel's axis of rotation while generating the reciprocating movement, as well as the step of applying pressure to the side walls of the tire while generating the reciprocating movement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving communication throughout a network is disclosed. The network includes a module capable of transmitting messages in response to a change of state. Bit errors transmitted within network are detected and a detected bit error rate is calculated. A residual, i.e., undetected, error probability is determined in response to the detected bit error rate. Corrective action towards reducing the effects of the residual errors is taken, e.g., retransmission of messages, in response to the residual error probability exceeding a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A CANOpen network including a bus master and an I/O module is disclosed. Each is communicatively coupled to a common bus. The I/O module is subject to a state change. The bus master collects state information from the I/O module by determining if the bus master is prepared to receive further data from the bus and sending a trigger signal from the bus master to the I/O module if the bus master is prepared to receive further data from the bus. The I/O modules sends a state signal to the bus master in response to the trigger signal.

Abstract: A CANOpen network including a bus master and an I/O module are disclosed. Each are communicatively coupled to a common bus. The I/O module is subject to a state change. The bus master collects state information from the I/O module by sending a state signal from the I/O module to the bus master in response to a state change of the I/O module, sending a trigger signal from the bus master to the I/O module, and sending a state signal from the I/O module to the bus master in response to the trigger signal.

Abstract: A method of multi-topology optimization is used in AMS circuit design to address the problem of selecting a topology while sizing the topology. First, design schematics are manually or automatically selected from a database of known topologies. Additional topologies can be designed as well. For each candidate design there is associated a topology and a set of parameters for that topology. Analogously to the step of automatic sizing for a single topology, multi-topology optimization comprises optimizing over the entire population of design simultaneously while not requiring that all topologies are fully optimized. The multi-topology optimization step is repeated until one or more stopping criteria are satisfied. The sized schematic is then passed onto placement, routing, extraction and verification.

Abstract: A method for a run-to-run (R2R) control system includes processing materials using a process input and producing a process output, storing the process input in a database, the storing including using a timestamp, storing at least one measurement of the process output in the database aligned with each process input using the timestamp, iterating over the data from the database to estimate a process state, and, if one or more of the measurements is missing from the database, predicting the missing measurements for the database based on a model, and determining an error for calculating a next process input, the error based on the data in the database.