Abstract: A housing (2) for a master cylinder (1) having a bore (3) in which a piston (4) is slideable to pressurize fluid ahead of a main seal (5) on the piston for the supply of pressurized fluid to an outlet (10). Two inlet openings (7,8) are provided into the bore, a first opening (7) for recuperation of fluid from an associated reservoir to that part (6) of the bore ahead of the main piston seal (5) when the piston is in a retracted position and a second opening (8) placing that portion (11) of the bore between the main piston seal and a second piston seal (9) behind the main seal in permanent communication with the reservoir. The housing also has an external inlet connection (41) formed integrally with the housing. The inlet connection has a free end for direct connection with a conduit (41a) connected with the associated reservoir and having a passage (42) for connection with the conduit which opens into the housing bore at the first (7) and second (8) openings.

Abstract: A fluid pressure operated actuating cylinder (11) for mounting in an aperture (13) in a wall (14) of a vehicle, the cylinder comprising a body (12) having first abutment tabs (17)(18) with a first locating surface (17a)(21a) facing in a first direction and second deflectable abutment lugs (17) and has a second locating surface (19a) facing in a second direction generally opposite to the first direction, the first and second locating surfaces (17a)(21a) being arranged to contact respective first and second oppositely directed surfaces (14a)(14b) of the wall 14 after insertion of the cylinder (11) through the aperture 13 with resulting deflection of the second abutment lugs (19) to locate the cylinder in the aperture.

Abstract: A hydraulic cylinder has a piston (13) with a seal (21) in sealed sliding contact within a bore (12) to define a working chamber (16) ahead of the piston for the discharge of pressurised fluid from the bore via an outlet (17) when the piston is undertaking working stroke, an inlet (20) is provided into the bore from an associated reservoir to allow connection between the reservoir and the working chamber when the piston is in a fully retracted state for recuperation of fluid from the reservoir to the working chamber. The connection between the reservoir and working chamber is provided via a sleeve (27) in the bore (12) winch includes axially extending grooves (28), the grooves being closed by the piston seal (21) during a working stroke of the cylinder but the ends (30) of the grooves being open when the piston (13) is in a fully retracted condition within the sleeve thus by-passing the piston sleeve to connect the working chamber and reservoir.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper (10) for damping vibrations in the fluid flow path between a hydraulic pressure source and an associated hydraulic consumer comprises a cylinder (11) having a bore (19). A piston (12) is sidably received in the bore and has a sealing means (30) in contact with the bore to define on one side of the sealing means a first chamber (13) for connection with the hydraulic pressure source and on the other side of the sealing means a second chamber (14) for connection with the associated hydraulic consumer. The cylinder has a sealing zone (20) which in a first operative state of the damper is contacted by the sealing means. The piston (12) is capable in response to an increase in hydraulic pressure in the first chamber (13) of moving in the bore to reduce the volume of the second chamber (14) such that eventually the sealing means (30) moves out of the sealing zone to open fluid flow means (22) through which hydraulic fluid can flow from the first chamber to the second chamber.

Abstract: A clutch hydraulic slave cylinder comprising a cylinder body, a primary piston sealingly reciprocable relative to the body and co-operating with the body to form a first fluid chamber within said body, and a secondary piston sealingly reciprocable relative to the primary piston and co-operating with the primary piston to form a second fluid chamber. the second fluid chamber is connected to the first fluid chamber through a valve means. The primary piston is biased by a spring means from a fully retracted condition to an at-rest condition in which it can exert a pre-load on a clutch bearing, and said valve means is open when the primary piston is in the fully retracted condition, and is closed when the primary piston is in the at-rest condition.

Abstract: A hydraulic master cylinder and reservoir assembly having a master cylinder body with a fluid reservoir, and a master cylinder bore with a piston assembly sealingly reciprocal within the bore. The fluid reservoir has at least a portion thereof concentric with the master cylinder bore and is sealed from the atmosphere by a rolling diaphragm, which is sealingly slidable relative to an internal surface of the reservoir allowing the volume of fluid within the reservoir to expand or contract.

Abstract: A hydraulic annular slave cylinder (16) for a motor vehicle clutch having an annular body (21) with inner and outer cylindrical sidewalls (22, 23) having a fluid chamber (55) formed therebetween. The inner sidewalll (22) extends axially beyond the outer sidewall (23) and a piston member (41) is sealingly slideable on the radially outer surfaces of the two walls (22, 23). A clutch release bearing (60) is mounted concentrically of the piston member (41) and fluid chamber (55).

Abstract: A hydraulic clutch slave cylinder (16) for a motor vehicle clutch comprising an annular body (21) having inner and outer cylindrical walls (22,23) defining a annular bore (40) therebetween, and a piston (31) having annular portion (32) sealingly slideable in the annular bore (40), an outer portion (34) concentric with the inner portion and telescopically co-extensive with the outer cylindrical wall (23). The radially outer portion (34) of the piston has a radially outwardly extending flange (37) at its end away from the mouth of the bore, which in use engages a clutch release bearing assembly (20) which surrounds the piston and annular bore (40) in the retracted condition of the cylinder.