Abstract: This invention relates to hydraulic master cylinder assemblies having a hydraulic master cylinder and an actuating mechanism and in particular to a hydraulic master cylinder assembly in which it is possible to alter the travel ratio between a driver operable actuating lever and a piston of the hydraulic master cylinder. The actuating mechanism includes a lever mechanism interposed between the actuating lever and the piston the effective lever arm length of which can be altered by means of an adjustable member forming part of the lever mechanism.

Abstract: The clutch comprises a clutch plate which can be retracted by a release mechanism to release a driven plate. The release mechanism includes first and second members and an intermediate detent. The detent is located between the members by urging the first member in one direction relative to the second member. To separate the first and second members, the first member is initially urged further in said one direction to release the detent.

Abstract: A friction clutch comprises a cover member, a pressure plate mounted to the cover member by drive straps and a diaphragm spring interposed between the cover member and pressure plate so as to urge the pressure plate towards and into frictional engagement with a driven plate. The diaphragm spring has the usual outer belville portion and inwardly projecting fingers. The outer parts of the fingers themselves and particularly the junctions with the belville portion are stiffened by stiffening ribs which resist finger bending and thus reduce release travel. The ribs extend into and terminate within the belville portion without reaching its outer periphery. Fulcrum rings such as 17 incorporate raised bridge portions to provide clearance for the ribs.

Abstract: A transmission comprises gear trains which provide increasing speed ratios and two clutches which are operable independently to provide alternative paths through the gear trains between an input and an output. The gear trains provide alternate ratios driven respectively through one and the other clutch. The input comprises a first shaft drivable by one clutch and a shaft drivable by the other clutch. A layshaft is provided through which drive in a selected ratio is transmitted from one of the first and second shafts to the other to drive the output which is also a shaft. One of the first and second shafts has a gear thereon which meshes with a gear on the output shaft.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus, more particularly for operating a motor vehicle clutch release mechanism, comprising a master cylinder, a slave cylinder and a conduit connecting the master cylinder to the slave cylinder. The apparatus is in the form of separate modular units which are separately, but simultaneously, filled with hydraulic fluid after simultaneous evacuation of atmospheric air from the apparatus modular units and test of the integrity of the modular units, and the pre-tested and prefilled modular units are shipped unconnected to a user.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus, more particularly for operating a motor vehicle clutch release mechanism, comprising a master cylinder, a slave cylinder and a conduit connecting the master cylinder to the slave cylinder. A leakproof quick-connect connector is placed between the master cylinder and the slave cylinder, preferably at the end of the conduit where it connects to the master cylinder or the slave cylinder, one member of the connector forming part of the master cylinder or slave cylinder. The apparatus, after assembly, is filled with hydraulic fluid, the two members of the connector being held momentarily engaged. After filling, the connector is broken, and the filled components are shipped to a user. After installation of the apparatus for operation of a mechanism such as a clutch release mechanism, the two connector members are reconnected, and the connector members having been provided with a one-way locking member can no longer be separated such as to preserve the integrity of the system.

Abstract: A retainer bushing for connecting a male member such as a shaft, rod or pin, for example the coupling pin of a motor vehicle clutch pedal, to a mechanical component having a bore accepting the shaft, rod or pin in the bore, for example the input member of a hydraulic master cylinder hydraulically connected to a slave cylinder actuating a clutch release mechanism. The retainer bushing has a flange at one end and one or more longitudinally projecting tangs at the other end. Each tang, which is elastically deflectable outwardly and inwardly, has a radially inwardly directed abutment surface for engagement with the other end of the bore when the flange is engaged at one end thereof, and an inwardly radially directed prong for engagement in a groove formed in the pin.

Abstract: A duo-servo brake comprising a pair of arcuate brake shoes within a brake drum, automatic operating means being located between opposed shoe ends for adjusting the clearance between shoes and drum characterized by the provision of a pair of pivotable adjuster plates having pawls each pawl being engageable with a ratchet toothed adjuster wheel whereby when the shoes are moved by drag from the drum upon brake actuation the automatically operated means enables pivotable movement of one or other adjuster plate to cause its pawl to ride over a ratchet wheel tooth, springs subsequently causing the wheel to rotate a screw-threaded means to automatically adjust the clearance between one or other of the shoes and the drum.

Abstract: An electrical switch for sensing operation of a hydraulic cylinder, the switch being normally open and closing an electrical circuit when the cylinder is pressurized to effect a desired operation only when there is fluid at a predetermined pressure in the cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is the slave cylinder of a motor vehicle clutch hydraulic control and the electrical circuit controlled by the switch is, for example, the motor vehicle engine starter motor relay circuit, such that the starter relay circuit is inhibited unless sufficient pressure is present in the cylinder, corresponding to the pressure necessary to cause the slave cylinder output member to fully release the clutch.

Abstract: An interlock switch mounted in the end of a hydraulic slave cylinder adapted to operate the release mechanism of a motor vehicle mechanical clutch, the slave cylinder being hydraulically connected to a master cylinder having an input member operable by the motor vehicle clutch pedal. The switch is adapted to close the motor vehicle starter relay circuit for a position of the slave cylinder output member corresponding to full release of the clutch, such that the clutch must be fully released in order to allow starting the motor vehicle engine. Preferably, the switch takes the form of a pair of concentric sleeves, each carrying appropriate contacts for closing the circuit, one of the sleeves being reciprocable in unison with the slave cylinder output member, and the other sleeve being automatically adjustable for initial position adjustment and for subsequent readjustment to compensate for wear of the clutch, such that closure of the switch always corresponds to a full release of the motor vehicle clutch.

Abstract: A friction clutch driven plate comprises a hub with a small integral flange and an outer flange portion coupled to the hub through a lost motion connection associated with interengaging teeth. In addition to main torsional damping springing associated with springs in windows in the outer flange portion and side plates of a friction facing carrier, auxiliary circumferentially acting springing acts between the hub and the outer flange portion. The auxiliary springing comprises two springs, one to each side of the hub flange. The springs are circumferentially extending spring arms engaged in the hub and outer flange portion and together are much weaker than the main springs taken together and provide damping to prevent idle rattle while the main springs provide friction damping during transmission of torque through the driven plate.

Abstract: In a motor vehicle transmission comprising a clutch disposed in a bell housing and a gearbox having an input shaft driven through the clutch, the bell housing having a mounting face attached upon a corresponding mounting face on the gearbox, an annular hydraulic slave cylinder disposed concentric with the gearbox input shaft operable to release the clutch, the slave cylinder has a radially outward projecting portion provided with a passageway connected to a line in turn connected to a master cylinder. The radially outward projecting portion of the slave cylinder is sandwiched between the mounting face of the bell housing and the gearbox housing, preferably in a groove formed in the inner face of the bell housing. Such a structure permits to assemble the whole hydraulic system and fill the system with hydraulic fluid prior to installation on a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A friction clutch cover assembly comprises a cover and a pressure plate connected to the cover by flexible straps. An outer flange of the cover is deformed adjacent to each flexible strap to provide a respective abutment surface which in the event of excessive pressure plate movement away from the cover each flexible strap will contact to limit said movement.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus, more particularly for operating a motor vehicle clutch release mechanism, comprising a master cylinder, a slave cylinder and a conduit connecting the master cylinder to the slave cylinder. The apparatus is in the form of separate modular units which are separately filled with hydraulic fluid, and the filled modular units are shipped unconnected to a user. Each modular unit is provided with a leakproof quick-connect connector member, through which filling of the modular unit may be effected, and which mates with a complementary leakproof quick-connect connector member of another modular unit, such that after installation on a utiization device, a motor vehicle for example, complementary connector members are reconnected, thus opening ports in each connector member placing each member in fluid communication with the other. Preferably, the two connector members are provided with a one-way locking arrangement preventing separation of the connector members after coupling.

Abstract: A friction clutch driven plate comprises an inner hub and a sleeve mounted on the inner hub for limited relative angular movement thereto by means of splines having clearance therebetween. Side plates secured to the hub are coupled through main torsion damping springs to a friction facing carrier having friction facings. The relative angular movement between hub and sleeve is controlled by two circumferentially extending springs which are arranged to be loaded in bending during this movement. To this end seats on the hub and on the sleeve engage against abutments on the springs. The springs are located in grooves of the hub and bear against end faces of the sleeve and so act as circlips to provide axial location between the hub and the sleeve.

Abstract: A method of shipping and installing a hydraulic system such as a motor vehicle clutch hydraulic release mechanism comprising a driver-operable hydraulic master cylinder, a hydraulic slave cylinder and a conduit connecting the outlet of the master cylinder to the inlet of the slave cylinder. Prior to shipment and installation on a motor vehicle, the hydraulic system is filled with hydraulic fluid and bled or purged of atmospheric air, and installation on a motor vehicle is therefore greatly simplified as the requirement of filling with hydraulic fluid and bleeding or purging the hydraulic system after installation is entirely eliminated.

Abstract: A modular structure for a hydraulic cylinder permitting the cylinder to be used in combination with a reservoir of hydraulic fluid either installed on the cylinder itself or at a remote location with a conduit connection to the cylinder. The cylinder is provided with a peripherally threaded portion over which a tubular member formed integral with the reservoir, or in the alternative, provided with a connector for connection of the cylinder to a remotely located reservoir is fitted. The tubular member-fluid reservoir assembly and the tubular member-connector assembly are interchangeable.

Abstract: A shipping and installation restraining strap for the output member of a clutch operating hydraulic slave cylinder disposed concentric to an input shaft driving a motor vehicle gearbox from a friction clutch. The output member takes the form of the clutch throw-out bearing, and the restraining strap comprises a generally annular portion attached to the throw-out bearing and a pair of integrally formed strips having a portion of reduced strength terminating in a lug engaged in a T-slot in the slave cylinder casing. The slave cylinder, the conduit connecting the slave cylinder to a master cylinder operated by a clutch mechanical control, and the master cylinder are prefilled with hydraulic fluid prior to shipment to a motor vehicle manufacturer for installation on a motor vehicle. Upon first actuation of the slave cylinder, the strips are broken at their portion of reduced strength such as to permit normal operation of the slave cylinder for actuation of the throw-out bearing.

Abstract: A hydraulic control mechanism for the friction clutch of a motor vehicle. The mechanism comprises a master cylinder, actuated by the motor vehicle clutch pedal, connected by a flexible line to a slave cylinder actuating the throw-out bearing of the clutch. The slave cylinder is mounted between the clutch bell housing and the transmission shaft concentric to the transmission input shaft. The slave cylinder casing is made of a single piece casting having a radially outwardly projecting portion or lug sandwiched between the mounting face of the bell housing and the mounting face of the transmission casing in a groove or channel formed in the face of the bell housing, and the concentric outer and inner cylinder walls are cast integrally rather than being made of two separate joined tubular members. The clutch hydraulic control mechanism is filled with hydraulic fluid after assembly and prior to shipment to a motor vehicle manufacturer for installation on a motor vehicle.

Abstract: A slave cylinder disposed concentric to a shaft connecting a motor vehicle friction clutch to the input of the motor vehicle gearbox or transmission and comprising an annular cylinder disposed concentric to the shaft, the cylinder walls being formed by a pair of tubular members spaced apart and disposed concentric to each other. The inner tubular member projects beyond the end of the outer tubular member and slidably support the clutch throw-out bearing. An annular piston is disposed in the cylinder and actuates through a throw-out bearing carrier which is formed as a sleeve in sliding engagement with the periphery of the inner tubular member. The carrier is made of plastic and has at its end directed toward the throw-out bearing a flexible lip urged constantly at its tip in engagement with the peripheral surface of the inner tubular member such as to wipe the surface clean of dirt and prevent the introduction of dirt beyond the lip.