Abstract: A method for storing blockchain data includes receiving a first batch command, the first batch command comprising one or more write operations, and adding one or more entries to a new log file by performing the one or more write operations. The method further includes identifying one or more active entries from one or more previous log files, appending the identified one or more active entries to the new log file, and, based on a determination that the one or more previous log files do not comprise any other active entries, deleting the one or more previous log files.

Abstract: A method determines a current preference value, the current preference value being one of two possible values. The method receives k preference values, each being one of the possible values. The method defines alpha1, alpha2, and beta2, with alpha1>than k/2 and alpha2?alpha1. Responsive to a determination that at least alpha1 of the k preference values are different than the current preference value, the method changes the current preference value. Responsive to a determination that fewer than alpha2 of the k preference values are equal to the current preference value, the method sets a counter to zero. Responsive to a third determination that at least alpha2 of the k preference values are equal to the current preference value, the method increases the counter by 1. Responsive to a determination that the counter is equal to beta2, the method provides the current preference value as a finalized output.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for bridging native tokens. Various aspects may include initializing a first blockchain by allocating a plurality of native tokens. Aspects may also include transferring, using a bridge, one or more transactions from a second blockchain to the first blockchain using locked tokens on the second blockchain as collateral. Aspects may also include minting new native tokens at the first blockchain when a value of transactions sum to the plurality of native tokens and the plurality of native tokens are backed by the locked tokens. Aspects may also include reporting, to the second blockchain, the amount of tokens used for the transaction fees in the one or more transactions. Aspects may also include burning, at the second blockchain, tokens corresponding to the amount of tokens used for paying transaction fees.

Abstract: A method and system for generating versions of assets comprising various levels of detail is provided. The method includes generating an institutional subnet with one or more blockchains. The method further includes enabling a set of administrative precompiles for the one or more blockchains, verifying whether a user of the institutional subnet is authorized to interact with the one or more blockchains. The method further includes generating a risk score associated with the user and modifying, based on the risk score, at least one administrative precompile in the set of administrative precompiles for the one or more blockchains based on risk score requirements of each of the blockchains.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for generating a heterogeneous network of blockchains. The method includes generating a platform blockchain having a single replicated state machine. The method includes generating at least one subnet based in part on the platform blockchain, the subnet including at least one blockchain, the generating causing bonding or burning of a base asset of the platform blockchain. The method includes specifying validators for the at least one subnet. The platform blockchain includes a source of truth for transactions across the subnets.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for improving the privacy of transfers in a distributed ledger. Various aspects may include encrypting a transaction using a first public key corresponding to a first user and a second public key corresponding to a second user. Aspects may also include transmitting the encrypted transaction to a blockchain, the encrypted transaction including at least an encrypted amount, a zero-knowledge proof, and an encrypted balance of the first user. Aspects may also include verifying a correctness of the zero-knowledge proof. Aspects may also include, based on the correctness, executing the transaction through a smart contract of the blockchain and homomorphically updating encrypted balances of the first user and the second user in accordance with the encrypted amount.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for managing training data in artificial intelligence (AI) models. Various aspects may include receiving, at a blockchain, training data from data sources. Aspects may also include validating authenticity of the data sources. Aspects may also include receiving a request for training AI models using the training data and training the models based on an approval of the request. Aspects may also include submitting a first transaction to the blockchain for the training of the models using the training data. Aspects may also include generating a response to a query from a user using the models based on at least a subset of the training data. Aspects may also include submitting a second transaction to the blockchain for leveraging the subset of the training data to generate the response to the query.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and technology for secure data dissemination in a network that reduces false positives. A method can include: initializing a bloom filter, generating a cryptographic seed value, generating salted data based on combinations of the cryptographic seed value and each data value in a set of local data values, injecting the salted data into the bloom filter to generate a salted bloom filter, selecting a random peer node in a network, transmitting the salted bloom filter and the cryptographic seed value to the selected random peer node, receiving, from the selected random peer node, at least one other data value that was identified by the selected random peer node as not being included in the salted bloom filter, and adding the at least one other data value to the set of local data values.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for implementing a compaction-less database structure. Various aspects may include identifying nodes in a most recent revision of a database structure stored on disk corresponding to locations of node changes in a current proposal. Aspects may also include persisting node addresses for nodes that have changed from the most recent revision in the current proposal to a future-delete list (also kept on disk). Aspects may also include writing only the new nodes including a root node to disk. Aspects may also include updating a root address on disk based on the root node. Aspects may also include committing the proposal as a new revision of the database structure.

Abstract: A method for blockchain management includes receiving a first definition for a custom blockchain on a blockchain platform, the first definition including definitions for default data structures. The method further includes initializing a virtual machine and configuring the virtual machine using the first definition. The method further includes receiving a second definition for the custom blockchain, the second definition including definitions for user-defined data structures. The method further includes further configuring the virtual machine using the second definition and executing the custom blockchain on the virtual machine.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for executing transactions in a blockchain network. Various aspects may include receiving one or more transactions issued from an account, the account comprising a bond balance. Aspects may also include partitioning the transactions into a set of validators. Aspects may also include producing, at the set of validators, chunks including the transactions. Aspects may also include replicating the chunks to nodes in the blockchain network. Aspects may also include generating, based on receiving at least a threshold of stake signatures from the nodes, blocks that reference the replicated chunks. Aspects may include distributing, from the bond balance, funds to the nodes for including the replicated chunks in the blocks.

Abstract: A method and system for cross-chain signing in blockchain wallets are provided. Various aspects may include receiving a transaction request, initiated by a user using a wallet connected to a first network, at a decentralized application operating on a second network. Aspects may also include appending, to the transaction request, an identification parameter associated with the second network. Aspects may also include generating a transaction based on the transaction request and the identification parameter. Aspects may also include signing the transaction in the wallet on the second network using a private key associated with an account of the user. Aspects may also include submitting the signed transaction to the second network.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for providing the secure transfer of assets between blockchain networks. The system can include a storage device that can store a bridge program that is programmed to perform (i) lock operations that lock native assets from a first blockchain network and mint synthetic assets representing the native assets in a second blockchain network, and (ii) unlock operations that unlock the native assets by transferring the native assets to an address in the first blockchain network in response to the synthetic assets being returned or destroyed. The system can include a computer system that loads and executes the bridge program in a secure computing enclave that provides a trusted execution environment. The computer system can then perform the lock operations and the unlock operations to provide a bridge between the first blockchain network and the second blockchain network.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for enhancing liveness in a blockchain. Various aspects may include running a first consensus protocol. Aspects may also include detecting a liveness attack in the first consensus protocol. Aspects may also include suspending, when the liveness attack is detected, acceptance of new blocks in the first consensus protocol. Aspects may also include broadcasting a preferred block and identifying a highest accepted block in the set of nodes from running the first consensus protocol based on the preferred block. Aspects may also include transitioning from the first consensus protocol to the second consensus protocol and running the second consensus protocol until a consensus value or a new accepted block is decided. Aspects may also include reinstating and resuming running the first consensus protocol based on the new accepted block.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for proposing blocks to be added to a blockchain. Various aspects may include performing adding block headers to a first blockchain, wherein the block headers reference a set of validators. Aspects may also include adding a temporal parameter to each block header. Aspects may also include determining, based on a block signature from a block header and from the set of validators, a proposer of candidate blocks for addition to the blockchain. Aspects may also include sampling, based on a temporal parameter, a subset of validators of the set of validators. Aspects may include increasing the proposer to a plurality of proposers from the subset of validators by an incremental quantity based on a comparison of the temporal parameter to a threshold.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for providing trustworthy consensus information based on data from distributed data sources. An oracle program can be executed by processors in a secure execution environment, and can interact with a pool of warden servers of a blockchain to determine the trustworthy consensus information. The oracle can perform operations including providing requests for off-chain to the warden servers, receiving off-chain data values from the warden servers, and determining reliable consensus information from the received off-chain data values. The reliable consensus information can be provided to a computing device that is external to the secure execution environment.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for extending and customizing a blockchain wallet. Various aspects may include providing, to users of a blockchain platform, a blockchain wallet configured to provide standard services to the users, and, providing, to the users, a sandbox environment that only communicates with the blockchain wallet through a secure message gateway. Aspects may also include storing, in the sandbox environment, a plugin configured to provide add-on services, and executing the plugin within the sandbox environment to enable the plugin to provide, as an extension of the blockchain wallet through the secure message gateway, the add-on services to the plurality of users.

Abstract: A system for providing an exchange in a trusted execution environment can include an exchange program that is configured to provide a digital exchange for digital assets and a computer system with a secure enclave that is configured to provide the trusted execution environment within which processing of programs is secure from observation and manipulation by other operations outside of the secure enclave. Execution of the exchange program in the secure enclave can include loading the exchange program into secure memory within the secure enclave, performing an attestation operation on the exchange program loaded into the secure memory within the secure enclave, the attestation operation configured to validate the exchange program, and outputting results of the attestation operation to identify whether the exchange program loaded in the secure enclave is valid.

Abstract: A method and system for generating versions of assets comprising various levels of detail is provided. The method includes generating an institutional subnet with one or more blockchains. The method further includes enabling a set of administrative precompiles for the one or more blockchains, verifying whether a user of the institutional subnet is authorized to interact with the one or more blockchains. The method further includes generating a risk score associated with the user and modifying, based on the risk score, at least one administrative precompile in the set of administrative precompiles for the one or more blockchains based on risk score requirements of each of the blockchains.

Abstract: Various aspects of the subject technology relate to systems, methods, and machine-readable media for improving the privacy of transfers in a distributed ledger. Various aspects may include creating account state commitments for a transaction including at least an encrypted amount and the account state commitment. Aspects may also include receiving the transaction and storing the account state commitment in a first data structure. Aspects may also include determining an encrypted balance for a receiver based on the encrypted amount included in the transaction. Aspects may also include storing, in a second data structure, the encrypted balance mapped to a public key of the user. Aspects may also include atomically updating an encrypted outgoing balance of the user and a current encrypted balance of the receiver according to the transaction.