Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for identifying a subject at risk for traumatic brain injury. In particular, the instant disclosure is directed to identification of the levels of the proteins MMP-9 (Matrix Metallopeptidase 9), NSE (Neuron Specific Enolase) and VCAM-1 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1) in a subject sample, and correlation of these protein levels with the presence of intracranial injury. In certain embodiments, subject age, gender and hemoglobin level are also correlated with the presence of intracranial injury.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for identifying a subject at risk for traumatic brain injury. In particular, the instant disclosure is directed to identification of the levels of the proteins MMP-9 (Matrix Metallopeptidase 9), NSE (Neuron Specific Enolase) and VCAM-1 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1) in a subject sample, and correlation of these protein levels with the presence of intracranial injury. In certain embodiments, subject age, gender and hemoglobin level are also correlated with the presence of intracranial injury.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a diffraction based biosensor containing at least two diffraction gratings. The first grating is referred to as an in-coupling diffraction grating and the coherent light source (laser) is directed to illuminate the in-coupling grating, and the biosensor is configured such that a selected order of the light beam diffracted from the in-coupling diffraction grating illuminates a second biosensor grating coated with analyte-specific receptors which are selected to preferentially bind with analytes being tested for that may or may not be located in a sample being tested.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and kits for measuring multiple analytes in a sample having a broad range of concentrations using optical diffraction are disclosed. Devices, methods, and kits useful for monitoring and diagnosing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disease, hormone-related conditions, and sepsis are also described.

Abstract: The invention features methods and devices for the detection of biomarker complexes and their components and for the sequential detection of multiple epitopes of a biomarker. The invention also features methods for diagnosing disease and evaluating the efficacy of treatment of a subject with a disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a diffraction based biosensor containing at least two diffraction gratings. The first grating is referred to as an in-coupling diffraction grating and the coherent light source (laser) is directed to illuminate the in-coupling grating, and the biosensor is configured such that a selected order of the light beam diffracted from the in-coupling diffraction grating illuminates a second biosensor grating coated with analyte-specific receptors which are selected to preferentially bind with analytes being tested for that may or may not be located in a sample being tested.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for assay of multiple analytes. The method uses a sensing element comprising a substrate upon which is arranged a multiplicity of recognition elements, such that each element is laid out in a predetermined pattern. Each pattern is unique in that it can give rise to a characteristic diffraction pattern in the assay. The patterns may or may not be interpenetrating on the substrate surface. The method of detecting multiple analytes includes contacting the medium of analytes with the patterned substrate, illuminating the substrate by a light source, and detecting any resultant diffraction image. The pattern of diffraction and the intensity of the diffracted signal provides information about the existence of specific analytes and their quantification.

Abstract: The invention features methods and devices for the detection of biomarker complexes and their components and for the sequential detection of multiple epitopes of a biomarker. The invention also features methods for diagnosing disease and evaluating the efficacy of treatment of a subject with a disease.

Abstract: The invention features methods and devices for the detection of biomarker complexes and their components and for the sequential detection of multiple epitopes of a biomarker. The invention also features methods for diagnosing disease and evaluating the efficacy of treatment of a subject with a disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting analytes in a medium, and more particularly the present invention relates to an assay based on light diffraction which appears or changes upon the binding of analytes to their specific receptors laid out in patterns on a substrate, which has high sensitivity due to the appropriate choice of such patterns. The present invention is based on the principle that the pattern of recognition elements, which gives rise to the diffraction of the incident light in a diffraction-based assay, can be chosen in such a way so as to facilitate detection, and to enhance the signal to be detected compared to known gratings such as parallel straight lines. In one aspect the substrate itself has a surface topography designed to enhance the diffraction pattern signals. In another aspect the substrate is a diffractive optic element having the analyte-specific receptors affixed to the optic element.

Abstract: The present invention provides disposable, semi-reusable, or single use reaction vessels with integrated optical elements for use with diffraction based assay systems. The vessel for assaying liquids for analytes includes a housing having at least one chamber or well for receiving a liquid therein and an optical element integrally formed with the housing for directing an incident light beam towards the well or chamber and directing a light beam away from the chamber after the light beam has interacted with analytes present in the liquid. The vessel may be test tube such as a blood collection tube, with or without, an optical element but having a pattern of analyte-specific receptors located on an inner surface of the tube wall so that when a liquid is introduced into the interior of the test tube analytes present in the liquid can bind with the pattern of analyte-specific receptors.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automated analyzer system for performing chemical, biochemical or biological assays using changes/no changes in diffraction of light by the presence/absence of analytes which may or may not be present in a sample binding to their analyte specific receptors laid out in a preselected pattern in a disposable sensor. The analyzer is a modular, bench-top instrument that compactly integrates subsystems for sample dispensing, liquid handling, and optical generation of laser light beams and detectors for detecting for diffracted light. An internal processor is included for automating the instrument, and a user interface to provide communication with the operator.

Abstract: The present invention provides disposable, semi-reusable, or single use reaction vessels with integrated optical elements for use with diffraction based assay systems. The vessel for assaying liquids for analytes includes a housing having at least one chamber or well for receiving a liquid therein and an optical element integrally formed with the housing for directing an incident light beam towards the well or chamber and directing a light beam away from the reaction chamber after the light beam has interacted with analytes present in the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention provides disposable, semi-reusable, or single use reaction vessels with integrated optical elements for use with diffraction based assay systems. The vessel for assaying liquids for analytes includes a housing having at least one chamber or well for receiving a liquid therein and an optical element integrally formed with the housing for directing an incident light beam towards the well or chamber and directing a light beam away from the chamber after the light beam has interacted with analytes present in the liquid. The vessel may be test tube such as a blood collection tube, with or without, an optical element but having a pattern of analyte-specific receptors located on an inner surface of the tube wall so that when a liquid is introduced into the interior of the test tube analytes present in the liquid can bind with the pattern of analyte-specific receptors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting analytes in a medium, and more particularly the present invention relates to an assay based on light diffraction which appears or changes upon the binding of analytes to their specific receptors laid out in patterns on a substrate, which has high sensitivity due to the appropriate choice of such patterns. The present invention is based on the principle that the pattern of recognition elements, which gives rise to the diffraction of the incident light in a diffraction-based assay, can be chosen in such a way so as to facilitate detection, and to enhance the signal to be detected compared to known gratings such as parallel straight lines. In one aspect the substrate itself has a surface topography designed to enhance the diffraction pattern signals. In another aspect the substrate is a diffractive optic element having the analyte-specific receptors affixed to the optic element.

Abstract: The invention features methods and devices for the detection of biomarker complexes and their components and for the sequential detection of multiple epitopes of a biomarker. The invention also features methods for diagnosing disease and evaluating the efficacy of treatment of a subject with a disease.

Abstract: The invention features methods and devices for the detection of antibodies. The invention also features methods for diagnosing disease and evaluating the efficacy of treatment of a subject with a disease.